Cor Triatriatum in the Adult with Aortic Stenosis and Mitral Stenosis

Background：Cor triatriatum is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly, in which the left atrium or right atrium is separated by an abnormal fibromuscular membrane with one or more restrictive orifices. This condition typically presents in infancy or early childhood and can be associated with other cardiac anomalies.Case presentation：A 75-year-old woman was admitted for exertional dyspnea with moderate aortic and mitral stenosis. As cor triatriatum was revealed by a computed tomography and echocardiography, she was referred to our department for surgery. Aortic valve replacement, mitral valve replacement and excision of the membranous septum in the left atrium was performed. This report presents an incidental findings of cor triatriatum with aortic stenosis, moderate mitral stenosis in septuagenarian.Conclusion：We encountered a rare case of cor triatriatum with aortic stenosis and mitral stenosis in septuagenarian. She was incidentally diagnosed by rheumatic aortic and mitral stenosis which had advanced to moderate level

Model Pembelajaran Asam Basa Berbasis Scs (Science Process Skills) Melalui Kegiatan Laboratorium Sebagai Wahana Pendidikan Sains Siswa Mts

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperkenal- kan dan mengetahui efektivitas Model Pembelajaran SCS ( Science Process Skills ) melalui kegiatan Laboratorium Sebagai Wahana Pendidikan Sains yang cocok bagi siswa MTs agar meningkatkan: penguasaan konsep kimia, ke- mampuan berpikir kreatif, dan keterampilan sains siswa. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kelas, dan difokuskan pada pokok bahasan asam basa. Penelitian ini dilakukan di salah satu MTs Negeri di kota Semarang dengan subyek sebanyak 40 siswa kelas III. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi model pembelaja- ran, soal-soal tes, pedoman wawancara, pedoman obser- vasi dan angket, sedang LKS digunakan pada saat kegiatan laboratorium. Dalam model pembelajaran dikembangkan empat jenis konsep yaitu konsep kongkret, konsep yang menyatakan sifat, konsep yang melibatkan penggambaran simbol, dan konsep berdasarkan prinsip. Model pembela- jaran ini dapat meningkatkan pemahaman konsep pada setiap kelompok kemampuan siswa, mengembangkan ke- mampuan berpikir kreatif dengan hasil tertinggi pada as- pek membangun konsep di atas pengetahuan yang telah ada pada diri siswa dan terendah pada aspek memilih hal- hal yang mungkin tidak relevan, serta keterampilan sains mengatasi kurangnya waktu pembelajaran, bagian-bagian pembelajaran tertentu dapat dilaksanakan di luar jam ke- las

JRAB/MICAL-L2 undergoes liquid–liquid phase separation to form tubular recycling endosomes

Elongated tubular endosomes play essential roles in diverse cellular functions. Multiple molecules have been implicated in tubulation of recycling endosomes, but the mechanism of endosomal tubule biogenesis has remained unclear. In this study, we found that JRAB/MICAL-L2 induces endosomal tubulation via activated Rab8A. In association with Rab8A, JRAB/MICAL-L2 adopts its closed form, which functions in the tubulation of recycling endosomes. Moreover, JRAB/MICAL-L2 induces liquid–liquid phase separation, initiating the formation of tubular recycling endosomes upon overexpression. Between its N-terminal and C-terminal globular domains, JRAB/MICAL-L2 contains an intrinsically disordered region, which contributes to the formation of JRAB/MICAL-L2 condensates. Based on our findings, we propose that JRAB/MICAL-L2 plays two sequential roles in the biogenesis of tubular recycling endosomes: first, JRAB/MICAL-L2 organizes phase separation, and then the closed form of JRAB/MICAL-L2 formed by interaction with Rab8A promotes endosomal tubulation

Neonatal Fc receptor induces intravenous immunoglobulin growth suppression in Langerhans cell histiocytosis

The neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) plays a role in trafficking IgG and albumin and is thought to mediate intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy for certain diseases. IVIG can be used for the treatment of human Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH); however, the mechanism remains unclear. The expression and function of FcRn protein have not been studied in LCH, though the expression of FcRn messenger RNA (mRNA) have been reported. In this report, we confirmed the expression of FcRn in 26 of 30 pathological cases (86.7%) diagnosed immunohistochemically as LCH. The expression was independent of age, gender, location, multi- or single-system, and the status of BRAFV600E immunostaining. We also confirmed the expression of FcRn mRNA and protein in the human LCH-like cell line, ELD-1. FcRn suppressed albumin consumption and growth of IVIG preparation-treated ELD-1 cells, but not of IVIG preparation-untreated or FcRn-knockdown ELD-1 cells. In addition, FITC-conjugated albumin was taken into Rab11-positive recycle vesicles in mock ELD-1 cells but not in FcRn-knockdown ELD-1 cells. IVIG preparation prolonged this status in mock ELD-1 cells. Therefore, ELD-1 recycled albumin via FcRn and albumin was not used for metabolism. Our results increase our understanding of the molecular mechanism of IVIG treatment of LCH

Handheld magnetic probe with permanent magnet and Hall sensor for identifying sentinel lymph nodes in breast cancer patients

Abstract The newly developed radioisotope-free technique based on magnetic nanoparticle detection using a magnetic probe is a promising method for sentinel lymph node biopsy. In this study, a novel handheld magnetic probe with a permanent magnet and magnetic sensor is developed to detect the sentinel lymph nodes in breast cancer patients. An outstanding feature of the probe is the precise positioning of the sensor at the magnetic null point of the magnet, leading to highly sensitive measurements unaffected by the strong ambient magnetic fields of the magnet. Numerical and experimental results show that the longitudinal detection length is approximately 10 mm, for 140 μg of iron. Clinical tests were performed, for the first time, using magnetic and blue dye tracers—without radioisotopes—in breast cancer patients to demonstrate the performance of the probe. The nodes were identified through transcutaneous and ex-vivo measurements, and the iron accumulation in the nodes was quantitatively revealed. These results show that the handheld magnetic probe is useful in sentinel lymph node biopsy and that magnetic techniques are widely being accepted as future standard methods in medical institutions lacking nuclear medicine facilities

Development and Performance of Kyoto's X-ray Astronomical SOI pixel (SOIPIX) sensor

We have been developing monolithic active pixel sensors, known as Kyoto's X-ray SOIPIXs, based on the CMOS SOI (silicon-on-insulator) technology for next-generation X-ray astronomy satellites. The event trigger output function implemented in each pixel offers microsecond time resolution and enables reduction of the non-X-ray background that dominates the high X-ray energy band above 5--10 keV. A fully depleted SOI with a thick depletion layer and back illumination offers wide band coverage of 0.3--40 keV. Here, we report recent progress in the X-ray SOIPIX development. In this study, we achieved an energy resolution of 300~eV (FWHM) at 6~keV and a read-out noise of 33~e- (rms) in the frame readout mode, which allows us to clearly resolve Mn-K$\alpha$ and K$\beta$. Moreover, we produced a fully depleted layer with a thickness of $500~{\rm \mu m}$. The event-driven readout mode has already been successfully demonstrated.Comment: 7pages, 12figures, SPIE Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation 2014, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. appears as Proc. SPIE 9147, Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2014: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ra

SLAM family member 8 is expressed in and enhances the growth of anaplastic large cell lymphoma

Signaling lymphocytic activation molecule family member 8 (SLAMF8)B-lymphocyte activator macrophage expressed/CD353 is a member of the CD2 family. SLAMF8 suppresses macrophage function but enhances the growth of neoplastic mast cells via SHP-2. In this study, we found that some anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) samples were immunohistochemically positive for SLAMF8. However, we found no significant differences between SLAMF8-positive and SLAMF8-negative ALCL samples with respect to age, gender, site, or prognosis. We also identified SLAMF8 expression in ALCL cell lines, Karpas299, and SU-DHL-1. SLAMF8 knockdown decreased the activation of SHP-2 and the growth of these cell lines, and increased the apoptosis of these cell lines. In addition, we observed the interaction between SLAMF8 and SHP-2 in these cell lines using the DuoLink in situ kit. Taken together, these results suggest that SLAMF8 may enhance the growth of ALCL via SHP-2 interaction

Hybrid nanoarchitecturing of hierarchical zinc oxide wool-ball-like nanostructures with multi-walled carbon nanotubes for achieving sensitive and selective detection of sulfur dioxide

This work reports a facile glycerol-assisted solvothermal method for synthesizing hierarchical three-dimensional (3D) wool-ball-like zinc oxide (ZnO) nano structures and their subsequent modifications with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as modifiers for achieving sensitive and selective detection of toxic sulfur dioxide (SO2) gas. Structurally, the as-synthesized 3D wool-ball-like ZnO is assembled of two-dimensional (2D) plate-like structures, which themselves are arranged by numerous small nanopartides. Furthermore, in this work we observed an interesting new phenomenon in which when a high concentration of MWCNTs is introduced, many small nanorods grew on the surface of the plate-like structures which assemble the 3D wool-ball-like ZnO nanostructures. When evaluated for SO2 detection, the ZnO/MWCNTs (10:1) composite (ZnO:MWCNTs =10:1) shows a high response of 220.8 to 70 ppm of SO2 gas (approximately three times higher than the response of pure wool-ball-like ZnO) at an optimum operating temperature of 300 degrees C. Additionally, the composite also displays good stability and selectivity to SO2 with the response to 50 ppm of SO2 being 7-14 times higher than the responses to other tested gases at a similar concentration. The excellent sensing performance of the wool-ball-like ZnO/MWCNTs (10:1) composite is mainly attributed to: (i) the formation of p-n heterojunctions at the ZnO/MWCNTs interfaces, which greatly enhance the resistance changes upon exposure to SO2 gas and (ii) the increased amount of adsorption sites for O-2 and SO2 gas molecules owing to the larger surface area of the composite and defects sites generated by the functionalization process of MWCNTs. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

The matrix vesicle cargo miR-125b accumulates in the bone matrix, inhibiting bone resorption in mice

Communication between osteoblasts and osteoclasts plays a key role in bone metabolism. We describe here an unexpected role for matrix vesicles (MVs), which bud from boneforming osteoblasts and have a well-established role in initiation of bone mineralization, in osteoclastogenesis. We show that the MV cargo miR-125b accumulates in the bone matrix, with increased accumulation in transgenic (Tg) mice overexpressing miR-125b in osteoblasts. Bone formation and osteoblasts in Tg mice are normal, but the number of bone-resorbing osteoclasts is reduced, leading to higher trabecular bone mass. miR-125b in the bone matrix targets and degrades Prdm1, a transcriptional repressor of anti-osteoclastogenic factors, in osteoclast precursors. Overexpressing miR-125b in osteoblasts abrogates bone loss in different mouse models. Our results show that the MV cargo miR-125b is a regulatory element of osteoblast-osteoclast communication, and that bone matrix provides extracellular storage of miR-125b that is functionally active in bone resorption.T.M. and Y.T. were supported in part by MEXT KAKENHI (JP16K11443, T.M.; JP26861548, Y.T.). Y.Y. was supported by MEXT KAKENHI (JP18K19647), the Raffinee International Foundation and the Ono Pharmaceutical Foundation.Supplementary information is available for this paper at https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-020-0754-2