The association of single and combined factors of sedentary behavior and physical activity with subjective cognitive complaints among community-dwelling older adults: Cross-sectional study

Subjective cognitive complaints (SCC) might be a meaningful indicator of dementia onset or mild cognitive impairment, and identifying the related factors of SCC could contribute to preventing these diseases. However, the relationship between SCC and lifestyle factors remains largely unproven. The purpose of this study was to examine the association of type of sedentary behavior, physical activity, or their combination with SCC among community-dwelling older adults. In 2016, 6677 community-living elderly were recruited to participate in a survey investigating cognition, physical activity, and sedentary behavior. In total, 5328 participants responded to the questionnaire (79.8% valid response rate). SCC was assessed using the National Functional Survey Questionnaire (Kihon checklist). The relationships between SCC and physical activity, sedentary behavior (reading books or newspapers, and television viewing), or combined physical activity and sedentary behavior were examined via multiple logistic regression analysis. The analysis revealed that moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (≥150 min/week) was significantly related with a lower risk of SCC (odds ratio [OR] = 0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.74–0.97), and that reading behavior showed a dose-response relationship with SCC (OR for 10–20 min/day = 0.63; 95% CI = 0.53–0.75; OR for 20–30 min/day = 0.59; 95% CI = 0.49–0.71; OR for ≥30 min/day = 0.47; 95% CI = 0.39–0.57). In addition, among those reporting high physical activity and ≥30 min/day for reading time, the OR for SCC was 0.40 (95% CI = 0.32–0.50) compared with the combined group reporting lower physical activity and non-readers. The present study shows that increased physical activity and reading time may be related to a reduced risk for SCC among community-dwelling older adults

Development and application of a simple LC-MS method for the determination of plasma rilpivirine (TMC-278) concentrations

Rilpivirine (TMC-278) is a second-generation non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor that is high potent against both wild-type and drug-resistant HIV-1 strains. Therefore, rilpivirine is expected to treat therapy-experienced patients who failed to use current drugs due to the emergence of drug-resistant HIV mutants. The quantification of rilpivirine in human plasma is important to support clinical studies and determine pharmacokinetic parameters of rilpivirine in HIV-1 infected patients. Consequently, simple and easy system to determine plasma rilpivirine concentrations has been required. In this study, we developed a conventional LC-MS method to quantify plasma rilpivirine. Subsequently the method was validated by estimating the precision and accuracy for inter- and intraday analysis in the concentration range of 18-715 ng/ml. The calibration curve was linear in this range. Average accuracy ranged from 100.0 to 100.6%. Relative standard deviations of both inter- and intraday assays were less than 3.3%. Recovery of rilpivirine was more than 82.0%. These results demonstrate that our LC-MS method provides a conventional, accurate and precise way to determine rilpivirine in human plasma. This method can be used in routine clinical application for HIV-1 infected patients, and permits management of drug interactions and toxicity for rilpivirine

Creation and characterization of Japanese standards for myocardial perfusion SPECT: database from the Japanese Society of Nuclear Medicine Working Group

金沢大学大学院医学系研究科がん制御