Effect of eddy current in shielding plate and electron gun on flux distribution in CRT

The eddy current induced in an inner magnetic shield (IMS) and an electron gun affect the flux distribution of a cathode ray tube, causing a possible degrade of picture quality. In this paper, the effect of the distance between an IMS and a deflection coil on the eddy-current distribution is examined. The eddy current induced in the electron gun, when the coils for velocity modulation (VM) are set near the electron gun, is also analyzed. It is found that the variation of flux distribution is mainly affected by the shape of VM coil.</p

酢酸摂取と運動が脂肪代謝と運動耐久性に及ぼす影響

Previously, we found that acetic acid had effects on lipid metabolism in skeletal muscles and has functions that work against obesity and obesity-linked type 2 diabetes through the activation of AMPactivated protein kinase (AMPK). During exercise, AMPK is activated in skeletal muscle according to exercise intensity and it increases fatty acid oxidation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the interactive effects of chronic intake of acetic acid and exercise training on lipid metabolism and endurance performance. Six-week-old SD rats were randomly assigned to four groups: water-injected (rest-water), acetic acid-injected (rest-ace), exercise-trained after injection of water (water-ex), and exercise-trained after injection of acetic acid (ace-ex) for 4 weeks. Body weight (BW) in rest-ace and ace-ex groups was significantly lower than rest-water group. Exercise-training groups showed an increase of exercise capacity, by the addition of intake of acetic acid, lipid oxidation was promoted during exercise tolerance test. Skeletal muscle of rats treated with acetic acid and exercise training led to higher expressions of cytochrome c (cycs), and tended to stimulate expressions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor coactivator 1-α (PGC1-α ) and MHC1 genes than those of rest-water group. Those results indicate that treatments both of exercise training and intake of acetic acid contribute to enhancement of lipid metabolism and improvement of exercise capacity.これまで我々は、酢酸の摂取が骨格筋内のAMP活性化プロテインキナーゼ（AMPK）の活性化を介して脂質代謝と肥満、肥満に関連した2型糖尿病の予防に効果があることを示唆してきた。AMPKは運動によって骨格筋で活性化し、脂肪酸酸化を促進する。この研究は、4週間の継続的な酢酸摂取と運動トレーニングが運動中の脂肪代謝と運動耐久性に及ぼす影響について調べることを目的とした。　6週齢のSD系雄ラットを安静期に水を摂取するrest-water群、酢酸を摂取するrest-ace群、運動前に水を摂取するwater-ex群、運動前に酢酸を摂取するace-ex群に無作為に分け実験を行った。酢酸を継続的に摂取すると水摂取に比較して腹腔内脂肪量の減少と体重増加の抑制がみられた。また継続的な酢酸摂取および運動トレーニングにより、耐久性運動下でのグルコース利用の抑制および脂肪酸酸化の促進が見られた。酢酸摂取および運動トレーニング群の腓腹筋では、MHCIおよびcytochrome c等の遅筋線維マーカー遺伝子が増加していた。継続的な酢酸摂取と運動トレーニングにより、脂肪代謝と運動耐久性の向上が示唆された

Suzaku diagnostics of the energetics in the lobes of the giant radio galaxy 3C 35

The Suzaku observation of a giant radio galaxy 3C 35 revealed faint extended X-ray emission, associated with its radio lobes and/or host galaxy. After careful subtraction of the X-ray and non-X-ray background and contaminating X-ray sources, the X-ray spectrum of the faint emission was reproduced by a sum of the power-law (PL) and soft thermal components. The soft component was attributed to the thermal plasma emission from the host galaxy. The photon index of the PL component, $\Gamma = 1.35_{-0.86}^{+0.56}$$_{-0.10}^{+0.11}$ where the first and second errors represent the statistical and systematic ones, was found to agree with the synchrotron radio index from the lobes, $\Gamma_{\rm R} = 1.7$. Thus, the PL component was attributed to the inverse Compton (IC) X-rays from the synchrotron electrons in the lobes. The X-ray flux density at 1 keV was derived as $13.6\pm 5.4_{-3.6}^{+4.0}$ nJy with the photon index fixed at the radio value. The X-ray surface brightness from these lobes ($\sim 0.2$ nJy arcmin$^{-2}$) is lowest among the lobes studied through the IC X-ray emission. In combination with the synchrotron radio flux density, $7.5 \pm 0.2$ Jy at 327.4 MHz, the electron energy density spatially averaged over the lobes was evaluated to be the lowest among those radio galaxies, as $u_{\rm e} = (5.8 \pm 2.3 _{-1.7}^{+1.9}) \times 10^{-14}$ ergs cm$^{-3}$ over the electron Lorentz factor of $10^{3}$ -- $10^{5}$. The magnetic energy density was calculated as $u_{\rm m}=(3.1_{-1.0}^{+2.5}$$_{-0.9}^{+1.4}) \times 10^{-14}$ ergs cm$^{-3}$, corresponding to the magnetic field strength of $0.88_{-0.16}^{+0.31}$$_{-0.14}^{+0.19}$ $\mu$G. These results suggest that the energetics in the 3C 35 lobes are nearly consistent with equipartition between the electrons and magnetic fields.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures, accepted for Ap

Development of 28 GHz and 77 GHz, Mega-Watt Gyrotrons for Fusion Devices

A 28 GHz 1 MW with TE8,3 cavity for GAMMA10 tandem mirror and a 77 GHz 1.5 MW gyrotron with TE18,6 for Large Helical Device (LHD) have been developed to upgrade their Electron Cyclotron Heating (ECH) systems. In the 28 GHz gyrotron, the maximum power of 1.05 MW was obtained, which is in agreement with its design target value. And the high efficiency of 40% without collector potential depression (CPD) was obtained with 0.8 MW. In the first and second 77 GHz gyrotrons, 0.8 MW 3.6 sec., 0.3 MW 60 sec operations have been achieved, but several issues due to the stray RF and velocity dispersion have been found, too. In consideration of these, the design improvement was performed to aim at 1.5 MW in the third tube. In the short pulse test, the maximum output power of 1.6 MW and the maximum total efficiency of 49.4% with CPD were obtained. In the long pulse test, the pulse length extended to 5 sec with 1 MW, 1800 sec with 0.1 MW, 1.6 sec with 1.5 MW. Total injection power of 3.1 MW to LHD plasma has been achieved. It is shown that the electron beam pitch factor α decreases with increasing of beam current, comparing with the experimental and calculation results

Specific Removal of Monocytes from Peripheral Blood of Septic Patients by Polymyxin B-immobilized Filter Column

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is one of the major causes of septic shock. The polymyxin B-immobilized filter column (PMX) was developed for the adsorption of endotoxin by direct hemoperfusion and has been used for the treatment of LPS-induced septic shock. In this study, we demonstrated that PMX also specifically bound monocytes from the peripheral blood leukocytes of septic patients by mean of an analysis of bound cells using immunocytochemical and electron microscopic techniques. The specific removal of monocytes from septic patients may produce beneficial effects by reducing the interaction between monocytes and functionally associated cells including vascular endothelial cells

Helicobacter cinaedi-associated Carotid Arteritis

A 65-year-old Japanese man with bilateral carotid atherosclerosis presented with right neck pain and fever. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography suggested carotid arteritis, and carotid ultrasonography showed an unstable plaque. The patient developed a cerebral embolism, causing a transient ischemic attack. Helicobacter cinaedi was detected in blood culture, and H. cinaedi-associated carotid arteritis was diagnosed. Empirical antibiotic therapy was administered for 6 weeks. After readmission for recurrent fever, he was treated another 8 weeks. Although the relationship between H. cinaedi infection and atherosclerosis development remains unclear, the atherosclerotic changes in our patient’s carotid artery might have been attributable to H. cinaedi infection

Two cases of lymphoepithelial cyst of the pancreas

A 35-year-old man was found to have a cystic mass in the pancreatic body on a routine health examination ; high serum CA19-9 was also detected. The enucleated cyst was diagnosed as a lymphoepithelial cyst (LEC). A 74-year-old man found to have a cystic mass in the pancreatic head by computer tomography as well as high serum CA19-9 was suspected of a cystic neoplasm of the pancreas (IPMN), and pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy (PPPD) was performed. Pathologically, the cyst was found to be LEC. It is often difficult to diagnose pancreatic cyst as LEC preoperatively. Care should be taken not to do over-surgery for benign disease LEC