Economic Analysis of Market Performance of Fresh Fish in Lagos State, Nigeria

This study analysed the market performance of fresh fish marketing in Lagos state, Nigeria. It critically focused on ascertaining the market structure, determining the profitability of fish marketing and determining the marketing efficiency of fresh fish marketing in the study area. Multistage sampling procedure was used to sample 80 fresh fish marketers from Lagos state. The data collected for the study were analysed using Gini coefficient, budgetary technique and shepherd efficiency model. The study revealed that there was inequality in the income distribution among the fresh fish marketers with Gini coefficient of 0.78, it further shows that fresh fish marketing is profitable with gross margin of #27,101.36 and that fish marketing activities among fish marketers is highly efficient (517.5%). Thus, government should help in the provision of a soft loan to the marketers so as to promote fresh fish marketing being a profitable and efficient business

Exploration of the Chemistry and Biological Properties of Pyrimidine as a Privilege Pharmacophore in Therapeutics

The pyrimidine moiety is one of the most widespread heterocycles in biologically occurring compounds, such as nucleic acids components (uracil, thymine and cytosine) and vitamin B1. Due to its prebiotic nature to living cells in biodiversity, it is an highly privileged motif for the development of molecules of biological and pharmaceutical interest. This present work deals with the exploration of chemistry and medicinal diversity of pyrimidine which might pave way to long await discovery in therapeutic medicine for future drug design

The Contribution of Dysphagia to Acute Stroke Morbidity and Mortality in Nigeria: A Prospective Study

Background: The assessment of time-trend morbidity and mortality in acute stroke is critical to clinical policy decisions and resource allocation. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of dysphagia in acute stroke and the impact of dysphagia on short term stroke outcome (30 days post-stroke). Methods: This was a prospective longitudinal study. Bedside screening for dysphagia modified Rankin score (MRS) and Barthel Index (BI) were performed on acute stroke patients on day 1, day 7, day 14 and day 30 after stroke to determine the frequency of dysphagia. Patients with dysphagia were then compared with age- and gender-matched controls (stroke patients without dysphagia) in terms of stroke characteristics and 30-day outcome. Results:Of the recruited 200 patients, 99 (49.5%) had dysphagia. Patients with intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke had a significantly higher prevalence of dysphagia (64% vs 36%; p Conclusion: Severe stroke, subcortical stroke and haemorrhagic stroke types were significantly associated with dysphagia at baseline. Dysphagia adversely influenced 30-days morbidity and case fatality in this cohort of acute stroke patients

Neutronic assessment of stringer fuel assembly design for liquid-salt-cooledvery high temperature reactor (LS-VHTR).

Neutronic studies of 18-pin and 36-pin stringer fuel assemblies have been performed to ascertain that core design requirements for the Liquid-Salt Cooled Very High Temperature Reactor (LS-VHTR) can be met. Parametric studies were performed to determine core characteristics required to achieve a target core cycle length of 18 months and fuel discharge burnup greater than 100 GWd/t under the constraint that the uranium enrichment be less than 20% in order to support non-proliferation goals. The studies were done using the WIMS9 lattice code and the linear reactivity model to estimate the core reactivity balance, fuel composition, and discharge burnup. The results show that the design goals can be met using a 1-batch fuel management scheme, uranium enrichment of 15% and a fuel packing fraction of 30% or greater for the 36-pin stringer fuel assembly design

Pulmonary effects of e-liquid flavors: a systematic review.

Electronic cigarettes (ECs) are purported to be tobacco harm-reduction products whose degree of harm has been highly debated. EC use is considered less hazardous than smoking but is not expected to be harmless. Following the banning of e-liquid flavors in countries such as the US, Finland, Ukraine, and Hungary, there are growing concerns regarding the safety profile of e-liquid flavors used in ECs. While these are employed extensively in the food industry and are generally regarded as safe (GRAS) when ingested, GRAS status after inhalation is unclear. The aim of this review was to assess evidence from 38 reports on the adverse effects of flavored e-liquids on the respiratory system in both in vitro and in vivo studies published between 2006 and 2021. Data collected demonstrated greater detrimental effects in vitro with cinnamon (9 articles), strawberry (5 articles), and menthol (10 articles), flavors than other flavors. The most reported effects among these investigations were perturbations of pro-inflammatory biomarkers and enhanced cytotoxicity. There is sufficient evidence to support the toxicological impacts of diacetyl- and cinnamaldehyde-containing e-liquids following human inhalation; however, safety profiles on other flavors are elusive. The latter may result from inconsistencies between experimental approaches and uncertainties due to the contributions from other e-liquid constituents. Further, the relevance of the concentration ranges to human exposure levels is uncertain. Evidence indicates that an adequately controlled and consistent, systematic toxicological investigation of a broad spectrum of e-liquid flavors may be required at biologically relevant concentrations to better inform public health authorities on the risk assessment following exposure to EC flavor ingredients

A HYBRID MACHINE LEARNING MODEL FOR NETWORK INTRUSION DETECTION

 Intrusion detection is a significant challenge in network security, as it involves detecting unseen attacks in a network or system. In this research, we aimed to build a hybrid machine learning model for intrusion detection using artificial intelligence (AI). To do this, we used the KDD CUP 99 dataset and applied two machine learning algorithms: AdaBoost and Stochastic Gradient Descent Classifier (SGDC). These algorithms were combined to form two hybrid models: SGDC_ADA and ADA_SGDC.  The results of our study showed that the SGDC_ADA model had an accuracy of 0.97 and outperformed the ADA_SGDC model, which had an accuracy of 0.96. In addition, the SGDC_ADA model had an average precision of 0.97, average recall of 0.96, and average F1-score of 0.97, while the ADA_SGDC model had an average precision of 0.96, average recall of 0.95, and average F1-score of 0.96.  Overall, our research suggests that the SGDC_ADA hybrid model is an effective method for intrusion detection, with high accuracy and low error rates. This model may be useful in improving network security and protecting against unseen attacks

Religious Vehicle Stickers in Nigeria: a discourse of identity, faith and social vision

This study focuses on analysing the ways in which vehicle stickers construct individual and group identities, people’s religious faith and social vision in the context of religious assumptions and practices in Nigeria. Data comprise 73 vehicle stickers collected in Lagos and Ota, between 2006 and 2007 and are analysed within the framework of the post-structuralist model of discourse analysis which views discourse as a product of a complex system of social and institutional practices that sustain its continuous existence (Derrida, 1982; Fairclough, 1989, 1992, 1995; Foucault, 1972, 1981). Results show that through stickers people define their individual and group identities within religious institutional practices. And as a means of group identification, they guarantee social security and privileges. In constructing social vision the stickers help mould the individual aspiration about a future which transcends the present. Significantly, stickers in the data also reveal the tension between Islam and Christianity and the struggle to propagate one above the other. KEY WORDS: assumption, discourse, discursive, practices, religion, stickers

Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Studies of Stem and Root Extracts of Crateva adansonii

Aim: This study was designed to explore the phytochemical and antimicrobial screening of the stem and root extracts of Crateva adansonii. Place and Duration of Study: Sample: Iyesi village, Ota, Ogun State, and analysis carried out at Department of Chemistry and Department of Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State and for duration of three months (November 2016 to February 2017). Methodology: Standard universal procedures were employed for both phytochemical and antimicrobial analysis. Results: The result obtained from the stem and root extracts of Crateva adansonii indicated the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, and cardiac glycosides. Root extract was found to be richer in source of phytochemicals when compared to the stem extract. However, the highest antibacterial activity was observed against selected bacteria by both stem and root extracts. The potency of the root extract was observed to be higher than the stem extract against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Aspergillus niger and Serratia spp. Conclusion: The preliminary studies on the stem and the root of Crateva adansonii extracts revealed their antimicrobial potential which could be further investigated for global utilization in pharmaceutical treatment, natural therapies, food preservation and cosmetic applications