Alien Registration- Steeves, Elisha T. (Allagash, Aroostook County)

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Thermal Design Considerations for a Seasonally Frozen Capillary Barrier Diversion Cover System

Soil covers on mining waste are typically designed for temperate climates and often rely on fine-grained soils to limit net percolation. Mine sites in cold regions, such as Northern Canada, have limited fine-grained materials and have climates that reduce the effectiveness of designs utilized in more temperate climates. A new cover system that harnesses the cold climate and available coarse textured materials has been proposed. The cover system, a seasonally frozen capillary barrier diversion cover system, relies on the ability of frozen soils with high levels of water saturation, to divert infiltrating meltwater downslope and away from the underlying mine waste. The thermal effects of flowing water on heat transfer in the frozen soil were studied in this research. The potential for early thaw due to the convection and conduction associated with water flow was examined through the use of a numerical model to simulate several case studies and cover geometries. Vertical forced convection was investigated through a case study of frozen column experiments. Lateral convection was investigated through a case study of a natural analogue at Wolf Creek, Yukon, while conduction was investigated through a case study of ponding water and increased conduction. Illustrative cover design models incorporated climate data and idealized materials from a representative mine site into several different geometries, each representing a potential thermal failure mode. These simulations reveal that no one thermal process dominates in frozen soil. Lateral convection can dominate in sloped high hydraulic conductivity soil, given enough water is available to generate large lateral water flows. Under low flow conditions, the influence of lateral convection drops. Vertical convection will result when large amounts of water percolate vertically, causing greater thaw rates throughout the slope than by conduction alone. Conduction will occur regardless of water flow, but increased rates of conductive heat transfer can occur when water ponds on the ground surface, which results in increased rates of thaw leading to preferential infiltration of water below ponded areas. In finer layers of low hydraulic conductivity, conduction will always dominate, as water cannot achieve the flow rates necessary for convection to dominate. This research has shown that the proposed cover design is a viable alternative to the current practice. Further modelling, laboratory and field studies are recommended for future research

Development of improved semi-organic structural adhesives for elevated temperature applications Technical summary report, 1 ~JUL. 1964 - 29 ~FEB. 1968

Titanium chelate polymer adhesive formulation for aluminum joint curing in high temperature application

Youth Peers Put the “Invent” into NutriBee’s Online Intervention

Background: Early adolescents perceive peers as credible and relatable. Peers therefore have a unique conduit to engage early adolescents in positive health behaviors through nutrition learning such as that recommended by the U.S. Institute of Medicine (IOM). Purpose: We developed an online, peer leader component to an existing in-person preventive nutrition intervention called NutriBee. We reasoned that youth ages 13–18 could create intervention materials that could remain engaging, credible and relatable to younger peers ages 10–12 online. Peer leaders could potentially derive health benefits from their service-learning experience. Methods: From 2013–2014 youth could apply online to relate a personal interest to nutrition, an opportunity promoted at NutriBee pilot sites and through social media. The peer leaders with diverse backgrounds honed original ideas into tangible projects with the support of adult subject-matter experts chosen by the youth. Nutrition expertise was provided by NutriBee staff who then also converted the youth-invented projects from various media into an online curriculum. Results: 19 of 27 (70%) of selected youth from 12 states and diverse backgrounds, created an online curriculum comprising 10% of NutriBee’s 20-hour intervention. All 19 online projects modeled 1 or more of NutriBee’s 10 positive health behaviors; 8 evoked the chemosenses; 6 conveyed food texture; and 13 provided social context. Peer leaders perceived career advancement and service learning benefits. The dose, pedagogic approach, and project content align with the IOM recommendation. Conclusions: Youth created intervention materials which communicate positive health behaviors online in ways peers can adopt. In a customarily sight-sound digital platform, youth leveraged the senses of smell, taste and touch and social context important for food selection. Peer leaders derived health benefit, as indirectly assessed by IOM criteria

Barriers and Facilitators to Implementing Healthy Food Retail Programs: Extension Agents’ Perceptions

The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to understand the perceptions Extension professionals have about healthy food retail programs (HFRPs). Family and Consumer Science (FCS) agents from one state in the southeastern United States were interviewed about their definitions of HFRPs, what challenges and benefits existed, and strategies for successful HFRP implementation. Participants reported that HFRPs would bring immense benefits to their communities, including expanding the recognition of Extension. However, one specific suggestion that was identified was hands-on training needed before initiating HFRPs, particularly on strategies for relationship development with retail store owners

Experimental Treatments for Spinal Cord Injury: What you Should Know

Experiencing a spinal cord injury (SCI) is extremely distressing, both physically and psychologically, and throws people into a complex, unfamiliar world of medical procedures, terminology, and decision making. You may have already had surgery to stabilize the spinal column and reduce the possibility of further damage. You are understandably distressed about the functions you may have lost below the level of spinal injury. You wish to recover any lost abilities as soon as possible. You, your family, or friends may have searched the Internet for treatments and cures

Barriers and Facilitators of Online Grocery Services: Perceptions from Rural and Urban Grocery Store Managers

Online grocery shopping has expanded rapidly in the U.S., yet little is known about the retailer’s perceptions of online grocery services, which can aid in the expansion of services. Furthermore, many barriers to online grocery utilization persist across geographic areas, especially among Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)-authorized retailers. This study captured perceived barriers and facilitators of online grocery shopping for managers of SNAP-authorized retailers. Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with managers (n = 23) of grocery stores/supermarkets in urban and rural areas across four different states: TN, KY, NC, and NY. Grocery store managers offering online ordering (n = 15) and managers from brick-and-mortar stores without online services (n = 8) participated in the interviews. Three primary themes emerged among managers offering online ordering: (1) order fulfillment challenges, (2) perceived customer barriers, and (3) perceived customer benefits. Among managers at brick-and-mortar locations without online services, four major themes emerged: (1) thoughts on implementing online shopping, (2) COVID-19 pandemic impacts, (3) competition with other stores, and (4) benefits of maintaining brick-and-mortar shopping. This study provides a deeper understanding of retailers’ experience and perceptions of online grocery services among stores authorized to accept SNAP benefits. This perspective is necessary to inform policies and enhance the evolving virtual food marketplace for SNAP customers

Expenditure, Coping, and Academic Behaviors Among Food-Insecure College Students at 10 Higher Education Institutes in the Appalachian and Southeastern Regions

Background A number of studies have measured college student food insecurity prevalence higher than the national average; however, no multicampus regional study among students at 4-y institutions has been undertaken in the Appalachian and Southeast regions of the United States. Objectives The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of food insecurity among college students in the Appalachian and Southeastern regions of the United States, and to determine the association between food-insecurity status and money expenditures, coping strategies, and academic performance among a regional sample of college students. Methods This regional, cross-sectional, online survey study included 13,642 college students at 10 public universities. Food-insecurity status was measured through the use of the USDA Adult Food Security Survey. The outcomes were associations between food insecurity and behaviors determined with the use of the money expenditure scale (MES), the coping strategy scale (CSS), and the academic progress scale (APS). A forward-selection logistic regression model was used with all variables significant from individual Pearson chi-square and Wilcoxon analyses. The significance criterion α for all tests was 0.05. Results The prevalence of food insecurity at the universities ranged from 22.4% to 51.8% with an average prevalence of 30.5% for the full sample. From the forward-selection logistic regression model, MES (OR: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.40, 1.55), CSS (OR: 1.19; 95% CI: 1.18, 1.21), and APS (OR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.91, 0.99) scores remained significant predictors of food insecurity. Grade point average, academic year, health, race/ethnicity, financial aid, cooking frequency, and health insurance also remained significant predictors of food security status. Conclusions Food insecurity prevalence was higher than the national average. Food-insecure college students were more likely to display high money expenditures and exhibit coping behaviors, and to have poor academic performance