Formation of the structure and properties of multi-element ion-plasma coatings

The article presents the results of the studies related to the development of hardening, antifriction, heat-resistant, corrosion-resistant coatings. There have been considered the models of concentration supercooling associated with the presence of a radial concentration gradient of metal nitride impurity; Benard cells, the occurrence of which is caused by the presence of a vertical temperature gradient; a cellular dislocation structure associated with the presence of plastic deformations in the coating; the emergence of auto-waves in the most diverse environments, including living beings. From the studies presented in the work, it follows that self-organization of forming coatings can occur only under conditions of a large value of the surface energy

Formation of the structure and properties of multi-element ion-plasma coatings

The article presents the results of the studies related to the development of hardening, antifriction, heat-resistant, corrosion-resistant coatings. There have been considered the models of concentration supercooling associated with the presence of a radial concentration gradient of metal nitride impurity; Benard cells, the occurrence of which is caused by the presence of a vertical temperature gradient; a cellular dislocation structure associated with the presence of plastic deformations in the coating; the emergence of auto-waves in the most diverse environments, including living beings. From the studies presented in the work, it follows that self-organization of forming coatings can occur only under conditions of a large value of the surface energy

Multiphase composite coatings: structure and properties

The paper discusses the results of the research into the formation of ion-plasma multiphase coatings. The types of the formed structures are found to be not so diverse, as those formed, for example, in alloy crystallization. The structures observed are basically of globular type and, more rarely, of unclosed dissipative and cellular structures. It is shown that the properties of the coating formed in deposition are largely determined by its surface energy or surface tension. Since the magnitude of the surface tension (surface energy) in most cases is an additive quantity, each of the elements of the coating composition contributes to the total surface energy. In case of simultaneous sputtering of multiphase cathodes, high entropy coatings with an ordered cellular structure and improved mechanical properties are formed

Multiphase composite coatings: structure and properties

The paper discusses the results of the research into the formation of ion-plasma multiphase coatings. The types of the formed structures are found to be not so diverse, as those formed, for example, in alloy crystallization. The structures observed are basically of globular type and, more rarely, of unclosed dissipative and cellular structures. It is shown that the properties of the coating formed in deposition are largely determined by its surface energy or surface tension. Since the magnitude of the surface tension (surface energy) in most cases is an additive quantity, each of the elements of the coating composition contributes to the total surface energy. In case of simultaneous sputtering of multiphase cathodes, high entropy coatings with an ordered cellular structure and improved mechanical properties are formed

Effect of ion irradiation on tribological properties of composite coatings

The paper discusses the results of the research in the effect of ion irradiation on tribological properties of multiphase ion-plasma coatings. It is shown that all the investigated coatings behave differently under ion irradiation: the Zn-Al, Fe-Al, Zn-Cu-Al coating is radiation-resistant and the friction coefficient does not virtually change; the Cr-Mn-Si-Cu-Fe- Al coating exhibits twofold increase in the friction coefficient, and that for Mn-Fe-Cu-Al coating decreases threefold. These changes are related to changes which occur in the coating surface under ion bombardment

«Ученые во власти» мусульманского Востока. Эпоха Тимуридов

The article deals with the public activities of the enlightened rulers of the Medieval Muslim East. The authors analyze the events that took place in the Central Asia during the Timurid period. The article examines the years of the rule of Ulugh Beg, Baysunkar-mirza, Babur and Navoi. It is concluded that their multitalented personalities contributed to high achievements of the state.В статье рассматривается государственная деятельность просвещенных правителей средневекового мусульманского Востока. Анализируются события на территории Центральной Азии в период эпохи Тимуридов. Исследуются годы правления Улугбека, Байсункар-мирзы, Бабура, Навои. Делается вывод, что многогранный характер их таланта способствовал высоким достижениям и на государственном поприще