815 research outputs found
A Linac Simulation Code for Macro-particles Tracking and Steering Algorithm Implementation
In this paper, a linac simulation code written in Fortran90 is presented and several simulation examples are given. This code is optimized to implement linac alignment and steering algorithms, and evaluate the accelerator errors such as RF phase and acceleration gradient, quadrupole and BPM misalignment. It can track a single particle or a bunch of particles through normal linear accelerator elements such as quadrupole, RF cavity, dipole corrector and drift space. One-to-one steering algorithm and a global alignment (steering) algorithm are implemented in this code
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Development of Durable, Low-Cost, High-Performance Pt Alloy Electrocatalysts for H2/Air Fuel Cell Application
Research on the impact of asteroid mining on global equity
In the future situation, aiming to seek more resources, human beings decided
to march towards the mysterious and bright starry sky, which opened the era of
great interstellar exploration. According to the Outer Space Treaty, any
exploration of celestial bodies should be aimed at promoting global equality
and for the benefit of all nations. Firstly, we defined global equity and set a
Unified Equity Index (UEI) model to measure it. We merge the factors with
greater correlation, and finally, get 6 elements, and then use the entropy
method (TEM) to find the dispersion of these elements in different countries.
Then use principal component analysis (PCA) to reduce the dimensionality of the
dispersion, and then use the scandalized index to obtain the global equity.
Secondly, we simulated a future with asteroid mining and evaluated its impact
on Unified Equity Index (UEI). Then, we divided the mineable asteroids into
three classes with different mining difficulties and values, identified 28
mining entities including private companies, national and international
organizations. We considered changes in the asteroid classes, mining
capabilities and mining scales to determine the changes in the value of
minerals mined between 2025 and 2085. We convert mining output value into
mineral transaction value through allocation matrix. Based on grey relational
analysis (GRA). Finally, we presented three possible versions of the future of
asteroid mining by changing the conditions. We propose two sets of
corresponding policies for changes in future trends in global fairness with
asteroid mining. We test the separate and combined effects of these policies
and find that they are positive, strongly supporting the effectiveness of our
model.Comment: 19 page
Revive, Restore, Revitalize: An Eco-economic Methodology for Maasai Mara
The Maasai Mara in Kenya, renowned for its biodiversity, is witnessing
ecosystem degradation and species endangerment due to intensified human
activities. Addressing this, we introduce a dynamic system harmonizing
ecological and human priorities. Our agent-based model replicates the Maasai
Mara savanna ecosystem, incorporating 71 animal species, 10 human
classifications, and 2 natural resource types. The model employs the metabolic
rate-mass relationship for animal energy dynamics, logistic curves for animal
growth, individual interactions for food web simulation, and human intervention
impacts. Algorithms like fitness proportional selection and particle swarm
mimic organism preferences for resources. To guide preservation activities, we
formulated 21 management strategies encompassing tourism, transportation,
taxation, environmental conservation, research, diplomacy, and poaching,
employing a game-theoretic framework. Using the TOPSIS method, we prioritized
four key developmental indicators: environmental health, research advancement,
economic growth, and security. The interplay of 16 factors determines these
indicators, each influenced by our policies to varying degrees. By evaluating
the policies' repercussions, we aim to mitigate adverse animal-human
interactions and equitably address human concerns. We classified the policy
impacts into three categories: Environmental Preservation, Economic Prosperity,
and Holistic Development. By applying these policy groupings to our ecosystem
model, we tracked the effects on the intricate animal-human-resource dynamics.
Utilizing the entropy weight method, we assessed the efficacy of these policy
clusters over a decade, identifying the optimal blend emphasizing both
environmental conservation and economic progression.Comment: 25 pages, 16 figure
Deep Learning Computed Tomography based on the Defrise and Clack Algorithm
This study presents a novel approach for reconstructing cone beam computed
tomography (CBCT) for specific orbits using known operator learning. Unlike
traditional methods, this technique employs a filtered backprojection type
(FBP-type) algorithm, which integrates a unique, adaptive filtering process.
This process involves a series of operations, including weightings,
differentiations, the 2D Radon transform, and backprojection. The filter is
designed for a specific orbit geometry and is obtained using a data-driven
approach based on deep learning. The approach efficiently learns and optimizes
the orbit-related component of the filter. The method has demonstrated its
ability through experimentation by successfully learning parameters from
circular orbit projection data. Subsequently, the optimized parameters are used
to reconstruct images, resulting in outcomes that closely resemble the
analytical solution. This demonstrates the potential of the method to learn
appropriate parameters from any specific orbit projection data and achieve
reconstruction. The algorithm has demonstrated improvement, particularly in
enhancing reconstruction speed and reducing memory usage for handling specific
orbit reconstruction
Emittance Growth in the NLCTA First Chicane
In this paper, the emittance growth in the NLCTA (Next Linear Collider Test Accelerator) first chicane region is evaluated by simulation studies. It is demonstrated that the higher order fields of the chicane dipole magnet and the dipole corrector magnet (which is attached on the quadrupoles) are the main contributions for the emittance growth, especially for the case with a large initial emittance ({gamma}{epsilon}{sub 0} = 5 {micro}m for instance). These simulation results agree with the experimental observations
Convergence of regional economic cycles in Turkey
Dissimilar economic fluctuations and asymmetric shocks across the regions of a country might create severe policy distortions that, under these circumstances, aggregate policy interventions (such as taxation and interest rates), are likely to be sub-optimal for at least a fraction of the regions. For instance, monetary policy can hardly satisfy the needs of all regions when some of the regions are experiencing a boom while others are in a recession phase. For these reasons, similarity of regional business cycles and their convergence are highly desirable from a policy viewpoint. The aim of this paper is, therefore, to provide empirical evidence and policy implications in that context. In particular, I analyze business cycle correlations across Turkish provinces and the tendency of these cycles to converge over the period of analysis between 1975-2000 and 2004-2008 (for Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics [NUTS]-2 regions). I find that regional business cycle asymmetries have tended to decrease in recent decades. This result, although it seems to provide evidence in favor of rising correlations, shows that the convergence process is rather slow and there still exist asymmetries across the regional business cycles
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