LITERATURE REVIEW: SCALING UP TUBERCULOSIS CASE-FINDING IN COMMUNITY SETTING

Introduction: Total number of TB deaths are very large. The study result is effective in the control and treatment of TB disease, but there is not discussed the detection of TB in the community order. This study aims to examine the literature, articles, journals and research related to the discovery of TB cases in the order of a community wide scale. Methods: The method used in this research method in the journal article searches the database using key words, then after the data obtained, are reviewed research journal articles. Search results are obtained 43 articles and 11 articles that met the criteria of articles / journals were examined in this study. Later articles / journals are reviewed design, sampling, treatment, and outcome. Results: The results of the literature review of articles / journals expressed increasing skills in personnel non-medical and increased not only in the understanding of TB cases, but also skills in training, deployment and supervision taking sputum on the power of non-medical as well as the expansion of the area of screening in the community need to be expanded not only in patients with lung disease.Conclussion: The increase in non-medical personnel skills in the case-finding /detection of TB cases and TB screening area expansion can reduce the incidence of TB and increase the rate of discovery/detection of TB cases. Key words : tuberculosis, case detection, early detectio

BEBAN YANG DIRASAKAN OLEH PENDERITA TB MDR DAN KELUARGA: REVIEW LITERATUR KUALITATIF

Background: The incidence of Multiple Drugs Resistance Tuberculosis (TB MDR) is still very high. TB MDR treatments requires a long period care that could lead to an impact on TB MDR patients and their families. This study aims to explore the perceived burden of TB MDR patients and their families. Method: Review literature was conducted through a search of four journal databases which later found 8 articles according to the inclusion criteria which were then identified, evaluated and synthesized. Results: The literature review found four major themes related to the perceived burden by TB MDR patients and their family, namely; physical, psychological, social and financial burden. Discussion: various problems arise due to the illness suffered by MDR TB patients and families. Understanding the difficulties and burdens experienced by MDR TB patients and their families is important in order to be able to intervene according to the problems that might arise due to MDR TB disease. Conclusion: The government needs to provide social protection to patients with MDR TB and families. Health professional workers need to add physical and psychological interventions to relieve the burden felt by MDR TB patients and their families. Keywords: Multiple Drugs Resistance Tuberculosis; Perceived burden; Sufferers; family; literature revie

The Effects of Ecsotic Program (Education Information Technology-Based Online System) in Increasing the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Of Community in Dealing with the Covid-19 Pandemic

The Covid-19 pandemic has had an impact on society in the fields of policy, religion, social, culture, economy, technology and education. This activity aimed to increase the knowledge, attitude and behavior of the community regarding the COVID-19 pandemic through education information technology-based online system. This study was a quasi-experiment with one group pre-test and post-test design. The activity was carried out four months on three groups, namely children, adolescents, and adults. The planned program was about the dangers of Covid-19, increasing reading literacy and knowledge through posters, memes, and videos about Covid-19, overcoming and preventing Covid-19, providing entrepreneurial skills during the Covid-19 pandemic. The implementation method followed a number of steps: identifying potential and analyzing problems in the community, namely by conducting FGDs with related parties, program design, library research to reference material used during service, making program materials and implementing them through online and offline media by visiting the community. The findings showed that that there was an increase in the level of community knowledge, attitude, and behavior regarding the COVID-19 pandemics. This study found that the community should be approached in different ways based on their developmental stage relating to their ability to receive information

Barriers in Tuberculosis Treatment in Rural Areas (Tengger, Osing and Pandalungan) in Indonesia Based on Public Health Center Professional Workers Perspectives: a Qualitative Research

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is still one of the main health problems in Indonesia. Various efforts have been made by the government to handle the TB problem in Indonesia, one of which is implementing a direct observed therapy short course (DOTS) program. However, the handling of TB disease in Indonesia, especially in rural areas is still not optimal. This study aims to explore barriers to the handling of TB in rural areas from the perspective of public health center professionals. Methods: This study is a qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. Sampling was done by purposive sampling with a sample of 8 participants. Data is collected through focus group discussions. Thematic analysis is carried out using colaizi step.Results: This study obtained two themes. Theme 1 is the barriers in the aspect of TB patients and Theme 2, which is barriers from the aspect of health care facilities. Conclusion: This study obtained two themes. Theme 1 is the barriers in the aspect of TB patients and Theme 2, which is barriers from the aspect of health care facilitie

Patients Experience and Perception in Preventing Tuberculosis Transmission in Rural Areas: A Qualitative Research

Tuberculosis (TB) transmission awareness is crucial for TB prevention in the community. However, efforts to prevent TB transmission from TB patients’ perspectives, especially in the rural area, are not well documented. This study aimed to explore the efforts made by TB patients in preventing transmission to the community. This research was qualitative research with a henomenological approach. Participants in this study were 12 people selected by purposive sampling. Data collection was done by in-depth interviews and recorded. Data analysis was carried out by thematic analysis. This study produced seven themes: perception of TB disease, performing alternative treatments, using personal protective equipment, environmental modification, adhering to treatment, limiting interactions with others, and increasing food intake. Knowledge and awareness of TB patients are still an issue in preventing the Transmission of TB in the community. Immediate intervention needs to be made regarding increasing knowledge and awareness of TB patients and the supervision of health workers regularly in handling TB disease in the community

Perceived Burden of Multidrugs- Resistant Tuberculosis Patients And Their Family: A Systematic Review Of The Qualitative Literature

The incidence of Multiple Drugs Resistance Tuberculosis (MDR TB) is still very high. MDR TB treatments require a long period of care that could lead to an impact on MDR TB patients and their families. This study aims at reviewing and synthesizing the perceived burden of MDR TB patients and their families. A literature review was conducted through a search of four journal databases which found eight articles according to the inclusion criteria which were then identified, evaluated and synthesized. A thematic synthesis was conducted of the selected studies. This review identified four major themes related to the perceived burden by MDR TB patients and their family, namely; physical, psychological, social and financial burden. Understanding the difficulties and burdens experienced by MDR TB patients and their families is important in order to choose the appropriate intervention according to the problems that may arise due to MDR TB disease

Perceived Burden of Multidrugs- Resistant Tuberculosis Patients And Their Family: A Systematic Review Of The Qualitative Literature

The incidence of Multiple Drugs Resistance Tuberculosis (MDR TB) is still very high. MDR TB treatments require a long period of care that could lead to an impact on MDR TB patients and their families. This study aims at reviewing and synthesizing the perceived burden of MDR TB patients and their families. A literature review was conducted through a search of four journal databases which found eight articles according to the inclusion criteria which were then identified, evaluated and synthesized. A thematic synthesis was conducted of the selected studies. This review identified four major themes related to the perceived burden by MDR TB patients and their family, namely; physical, psychological, social and financial burden. Understanding the dif iculties and burdens experienced by MDR TB patients and their families is important in order to choose the appropriate intervention according to the problems that may arise due to MDR TB diseas

DETERMINANT FACTOR OF DEPRESSION IN RURAL ADOLESCENT: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Background: Adolescence is a period of transition from childhood to adulthood. This stage of development is a transitional period of self-discovery marked by physical, emotional, and psychological changes. However, young people are often faced with poverty, sexual abuse, or violence, making teens vulnerable to mental health problems. Adolescents who live in rural areas are likely to be more susceptible to mental health problems because rural areas have a high degree of social intimacy, and the economic focus is on the agricultural sector. So, the psychological pressure on adolescents in rural areas will be heavier, and if the coping mechanism is not suitable, these adolescents will be more susceptible to depression. Objective: This study aims at reviewing and synthesizing the determinants factor of depression among adolescent in rural area. Design: This study design was a systematic review using the PICO framework. Data Sources: This data was carried out since June 2021 from various journal databases in the last five years (2017-2021), including ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Taylor & Francis. The keywords combined with Boolean operators (“AND” and “OR”) to find literatures, namely "Factor" OR “Risk Factor” AND “Depression” OR “Depressive” OR “Depress” AND “Adolescent” OR “Teens” AND “Rural”. 13 articles meet the inclusion criteria and meet the qualifications for review. Review Methods: A systematic procedure is used to collect articles, as well as a critical appraisal and data synthesis with qualitative synthesis. Results: Based on a review of several articles, factors that can influence the occurrence of depression in rural adolescents include discrimination, adverse childhood experiences, victimization, socioeconomic migration of parents, family, cellphone addiction, postpartum pregnancy, and gender in adolescents. Conclusion: Overall, these factors can cause psychological pressure and due to poor coping mechanisms resulting in depression in adolescents in rural areas

Perceived Barriers to Accessing Tuberculosis Care Among Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) Patients: A Qualitative Study in Indonesia

Indonesia has one of the highest MDR-TB burdens in the world. The success rate of MDR-TB treatment in Indonesia is still low. Indonesia changed the health system policy, which is called the National Health Insurance,in 2013. The purpose of this study is to provide a description from the point of view of MDR-TB patients about barriers during their treatment, although the health system in Indonesia has changed. This study used qualitative semi�structured in-depth questions. Fifteen MDR-TB patients were interviewed concerning the barriers during their treatment. Purposive sampling was used to recruit study participants. Thematic analysis was used to identify and analyse the main topics. Topics generated were financial barriers, poor service, inadequate hospital facilities, ineffective communication of patient-provider, stigma, and lack of social support. Each theme was from verbatim transcripts defined during the coding process. Codes and themes were developed to coincide with data collection. Periodic monitoring of aid disbursements, improvement of hospital services including health workers and facilities, increased social support, increased knowledge and home-based MDR-TB service programs can be implemented to reduce the perceived barriers for MDR-TB patients during treatment

Career Expectations, Difficulties And Choices In Nursing Students: A Cross- Sectional Study

This study aimed to explore and compare between career expectations and difficulties in deciding careers and career choices in nursing students. This study was a cross-sectional study in an university in Surabaya, Indonesia, conducted with 233 first and final year bachelor degree nursing students, using a range of instruments: Career Expectations Questionnaire, Career Decision Difficulties Questionnaire, and Questionnaire Survey on Career Choice. The data were then tested by t-test and Mann Whitney. The results showed no significant differences between first and final year students for career expectations, career decisions and career choices. Different aspects between first and final year students were in the aspects of organizational membership (p=.029) and there were differences in difficulties in deciding career, especially in aspects of lack of readiness (p=.031). The learning process and experience during the study period can be related to the impact of students' confidence in deciding their chosen careers. Support from academic staff and the environment such as parents, friends and nursing organizations are needed to shape positive aspects of the careers chosen by student