Pengaruh Metode Pencatatan Persediaan Terhadap Peningkatan Pendapatan Pada Meubel Faninda Jaya Di Kabupaten Gorontalo

Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Metode Pencatatan Persediaan Terhadap Peningkatan Pendapatan Pada Meubel Faninda Jaya Di Kabupaten Gorontalo. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh karyawan faninda jaya meuble dengan Jumlah 30 orang. Jumlah Penarikan Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebesar 30 responden. Teknis analisis data menggunakan rumus statistic korelasi product moment. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa berpengaruh positif dan signifikan metode pencatatan persediaan terhadap peningkatan pendapatan pada meuble faninda jaya di Kabupaten Gorontalo. Besaran determinasi metode pencatatan persediaan terhadap peningkatan pendapatan pada meubelfanindajaya Di Kabupaten Gorontalo yaitusebesar 74,3% baik. Dengan demikian dinyatakan bahwa semakin menggunakan metode pencatatan persediaan maka akan meningkatkan pendapatan pada meuble faninda jaya di kabupaten Gorontalo

Moisture content and mechanical properties reduction of hard capsules upon prolong drying process

Drying is a traditional preservation method to control the properties and quality of pharmaceutical product such as hard capsule. In this study, carrageenan and nanocellulose (NC) solution were mixed with crosslinker and toughening agents in the formulation solution and dipped for hard capsule formation. The dipping bar was dried at different drying times from 40-60 minutes in an oven. The properties of carrageenan hard capsule were compared with commercial hard capsule materials which were gelatine and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC). Prolong drying time decreased the moisture content and hydroxyl group absorbance of carrageenan hard capsule up to 20 % and 2%, respectively. The mechanical properties of the hard capsule sample reduced about 19.2 % due to reduction of intermolecular interaction between carrageenan, crosslinker and NC. Increment drying time leads to tissue shrinkage in carrageenan hard capsule thus collapse the biocomposite structure and mechanical properties. Gelatine and HPMC hard capsules had lower moisture content and higher mechanical strength and thermal properties as compared to carrageenan hard capsule. As the drying time increase, case hardening phenomena collapses the structure and change the structure chain in the biocomposite

Evaluation of sorbitan monolaurate concentration on carrageenan gel properties

Air fresheners are chemical products that have been used in the field of environmental sanitation for decades. The brands, materials and types of fragrance air fresheners have been developed to reduce the depression level amongst people. This study used seaweed from carrageenan to explore renewable resources from Malaysia as biopolymer. It is proven that the mild depression or stress can be released with help of aromatherapy substances, and one is aromatherapy scented gel. The objectives of this study were to formulate and characterize the scented gel from carrageenan and the stability of the scented gel. The gel was produced by mixing sorbitan monolaurate (surfactant) and carrageenan in water. Then, polyethylene glycol (PEG), alginic acid and essential oil were added into the mixture. The solution viscosity and shear stress for rheology properties were measured. The highest viscosity was the sample without sorbitan monolaurate which is 979.37 mPa·s while the highest shear stress was 0.50% (v/v) sorbitan monolaurate with 296.42 Pa. Moreover, for weight variation analysis, sample with 0.5% (v/v) sorbitan monolaurate showed the lowest residual loss which is 11.8% compared samples with higher concentration of sorbitan monolaurate. Bloom test demonstrated samples with 1.50, 2.00, and 2.50% (v/v) have high bloom when the gel strength increased at higher concentration of sorbitan monolaurate. Sorbitan monolaurate of 0.5% (v/v) of is a stable gel with high mass of residue. In conclusion, gel air freshener could be produced from carrageenan to replace other gelling material such as gelatin, xanthan gum and guar gum

Synthesis of Ionic Salt for Calcite and Barite Solid Scale Dissolution

The most common well intervention work to solve solid scale problem in oil production is a treatment to remove or inhibit the solid scale. Calcite (CaCO3) and barite (BaSO4) are two of the most common solid scale found in the oil well tubular and piping. Often, acid treatment such as hydrochloric acid is used to dissolve the solid scale. However, acid is highly corrosive and harmful to handle in the challenging environment of oilfield operation. A new generation of less corrosive solid scale dissolver includes functional group such as a carboxylic group due to its ability to chelate metals ions. This study utilised economical and non-toxic materials, monosodium glutamate (MSG), as the starting materials to synthesis solid scale dissolver with the carboxylic group as the main functional group presence. The double step acidification of MSG produces glutamic acid hydrochloride (GluCl). It is solid at room temperature and soluble in water makes it safer to transport and handle in the challenging environment of oilfield operation. Dissolution test shows that GluCl can dissolve more than 3000 ppm of calcium at a concentration of just 20g/L

Intermolecular Interaction of Carboxylic Group with Calcium Ions and Dissolution of Solid Scales in Bmim-PF6 and Tba-NfO Ionic Liquid Solution

Understanding the mechanism of solid scale dissolution at a molecular level is important to formulate a new chemical dissolver. A molecular dynamics simulation between glutamic acid diacetic acid (GLDA) with calcite was performed to understand the intermolecular interaction between the carboxylic groups with calcium ions (Ca) during the dissolution process at 90 °C. Two solid scales obtained from oil wells were characterised using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersing x-ray (EDX). The dissolutions test of the solid scales were conducted using two ionic liquids solutions; 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (Bmim-PF6) and tetrabutylammonium nonafluorobutane sulfonate (Tba-NfO) to evaluate the ionic liquids for solid scales dissolution. Hydroxyls (-OH) in the carboxylic groups of GLDA have strong intermolecular interactions with Ca that plays a role in the chelation process. Two of the carboxylic groups close to amine have the strongest interactions with calcium ions in calcite. Characterisations result shows that the two solid scales are silica-based and barite based. Barite scales have kink-terrace-step crystal surface. Dissolutions test shows that both ionic liquids solutions can dissolve the silica solid scale up to 2700 ppm

Incorporation of ionic liquid (ILs) in commercial solvent agents for better downhole reaction

Solvent agent is important to effectively control the solid formation and precipitation in an industrial oilfield production. The commercial chemical solvents must be effective to control and remove the chemical ions such as calcium, magnesium and iron which are regularly caused solid scale precipitation as for example in the well stimulation. The incorporation of ionic liquid (IL) in the presence of commercial solvent would increase the performance and efficiency to remove and control solid scale or precipitation through ionic bonding and electrostatic interactions. At present, a trial and error approach is used by a petroleum engineer without understanding the mechanism on how the solvent and ionic liquid play a role at the molecular level to control the solid formation and dissolution in an oilfield environment. The molecular modelling work would benefit the industry to further understand the chemical interaction mechanism between solvent agent, ionic liquid and solid such as sand stone. From molecular dynamics simulation approach and application, the solution structure and mass transfer rate can be understood as an input for petroleum engineers and operators to control the dissolution and precipitation of solid in oil field environment and well. Setegap Ventures Petroleum (SVP) Sdn. Bhd. would apply the knowledge of industrial computational calculation and physical chemistry of solvent agent and ILs to improve and increase the existing solvent performance in their daily industrial application and operation. Hence, the knowledge would benefit and enhance the technical staffs (petroleum engineers and operators) in the SVP actual operation. The ILs technology also would solve the present industrial problem in particular in well stimulation to remove the target solid scale

Molecular interaction of carboxylic and amine group with calcium and iron for solid scale dissolution

Calcium carbonate is one of the common solid scale in oil and gas upstream production occurred along with other type of scale such as iron (II) sulphide. Commonly, acid is used for dissolution of solid scale however acid is corrosive and dangerous to handle [1]. Non-acidic dissolution technology such as chelating agent form complexes with metals ions and highly depends on pH [2]. The agent may contain carboxylic and amine as the main functional group that plays a role in solid scale dissolution. This paper aims to study the molecular interaction between carboxylic and amine group with metal ions in calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and iron (II) sulphide (FeS)

Problem-oriented project-based learning an initiative to mould balance graduates

The paper talks about the implementation of Problem-Oriented Project-Based Learning (POPBL) at University Malaysia Pahang. The approach was employed as one of the I-LEAD intervention program modules. The POPBL module incorporated students’ Soft Skills theoretical knowledge and its application to solve humanities issues around the campus. The participants were 32 students from various year of study chosen by their faculties based on specified characteristics. Working in the small group of 5-6 members, the participants were required to; (i) attend 6 hours critical thinking and problem solving discussion sessions (ii) prepare a problem identification plan based on designated theme, (iii) designed a project proposal complete with an action plan to solve the identified problem, (iv) implement the plan (v) prepare a complete report furnished with related documents and images and finally (vi) present the report orally. Assessment on technical aspect was based on project proposal and final report, while Soft Skills applications were observe through work process i.e., work progress (Leadership Skills), task distribution and coordination (Team Working), flow of communications (Communication Skills) time management (Ethics and Moral Professional) and quality of solution (Critical Thinking and Problem Solving). The findings advocate that on the technical aspect, students were moderately able to prepare a project report but they need lots of assistance in preparing project proposal particularly in analysing and identifying a problem. On Soft Skills application aspect, most students reported an adequate skills expansion particularly their team working and communication. Yet, the program also suggested shocking findings in relation to lecturers’ readiness and competence to do the assessment