Potential maternal kinship among humans from the Northern Caucasus “post-dolmen” burials

publishedVersio

Transcriptomic profile of adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes after neonatal encephalopathy

A rapid and early diagnostic test to identify the encephalopathic babies at risk of adverse outcome may accelerate the development of neuroprotectants. We examined if a whole blood transcriptomic signature measured soon after birth,predicts adverse neurodevelopmental outcomeeighteenmonths after neonatal encephalopathy.We performed next generation sequencing on whole blood ribonucleic acid obtained within sixhours of birth from the first 47encephalopathic babies recruited to the Hypothermia for Encephalopathy in Low and middle-income countries (HELIX)trial. Two infants with blood culture positive sepsis were excluded, and the data from remaining 45 were analysed. A total of 855genes were significantly differentially expressed between the good and adverse outcome groups, of which RGS1and SMC4 werethe most significant. Biological pathway analysis adjusted for gender, trial randomisation allocation (cooling therapy versus usual care) and estimated blood leukocyte proportions revealed over-representation of genes from pathways related to melatoninand polo-like kinase in babieswith adverse outcome. These preliminary data suggest that transcriptomic profiling may be a promising tool for rapid risk stratification in neonatal encephalopathy. It may provide insights into biological mechanismsand identify novel therapeutic targetsfor neuroprotection

Hypothermia for moderate or severe neonatal encephalopathy in low-income and middle-income countries (HELIX): a randomised controlled trial in India, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh

Background: Although therapeutic hypothermia reduces death or disability after neonatal encephalopathy in high-income countries, its safety and efficacy in low-income and middle-income countries is unclear. We aimed to examine whether therapeutic hypothermia alongside optimal supportive intensive care reduces death or moderate or severe disability after neonatal encephalopathy in south Asia. Methods: We did a multicountry open-label, randomised controlled trial in seven tertiary neonatal intensive care units in India, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh. We enrolled infants born at or after 36 weeks of gestation with moderate or severe neonatal encephalopathy and a need for continued resuscitation at 5 min of age or an Apgar score of less than 6 at 5 min of age (for babies born in a hospital), or both, or an absence of crying by 5 min of age (for babies born at home). Using a web-based randomisation system, we allocated infants into a group receiving whole body hypothermia (33·5°C) for 72 h using a servo-controlled cooling device, or to usual care (control group), within 6 h of birth. All recruiting sites had facilities for invasive ventilation, cardiovascular support, and access to 3 Tesla MRI scanners and spectroscopy. Masking of the intervention was not possible, but those involved in the magnetic resonance biomarker analysis and neurodevelopmental outcome assessments were masked to the allocation. The primary outcome was a combined endpoint of death or moderate or severe disability at 18–22 months, assessed by the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (third edition) and a detailed neurological examination. Analysis was by intention to treat. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02387385. Findings: We screened 2296 infants between Aug 15, 2015, and Feb 15, 2019, of whom 576 infants were eligible for inclusion. After exclusions, we recruited 408 eligible infants and we assigned 202 to the hypothermia group and 206 to the control group. Primary outcome data were available for 195 (97%) of the 202 infants in the hypothermia group and 199 (97%) of the 206 control group infants. 98 (50%) infants in the hypothermia group and 94 (47%) infants in the control group died or had a moderate or severe disability (risk ratio 1·06; 95% CI 0·87–1·30; p=0·55). 84 infants (42%) in the hypothermia group and 63 (31%; p=0·022) infants in the control group died, of whom 72 (36%) and 49 (24%; p=0·0087) died during neonatal hospitalisation. Five serious adverse events were reported: three in the hypothermia group (one hospital readmission relating to pneumonia, one septic arthritis, and one suspected venous thrombosis), and two in the control group (one related to desaturations during MRI and other because of endotracheal tube displacement during transport for MRI). No adverse events were considered causally related to the study intervention. Interpretation: Therapeutic hypothermia did not reduce the combined outcome of death or disability at 18 months after neonatal encephalopathy in low-income and middle-income countries, but significantly increased death alone. Therapeutic hypothermia should not be offered as treatment for neonatal encephalopathy in low-income and middle-income countries, even when tertiary neonatal intensive care facilities are available. Funding: National Institute for Health Research, Garfield Weston Foundation, and Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Translations: For the Hindi, Malayalam, Telugu, Kannada, Singhalese, Tamil, Marathi and Bangla translations of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section

The Western Caucasus : imported armour in the Hellenistic period

The region of the Western Caucasus comprises the territories along the north-eastern and eastern Black Sea coast - the Bosporan Kingdom, Colchis and the foothills and mountains of the Caucasus as they spread between the two states. The area was keenly affected by the ancient Greeks through colonization and trade from the 7th_6th centuries BC on. These connections have yielded a rich wealth in finds of Greek type, for example pottery, jewellery, and weaponry. The latter is particularly interesting, as it comprises a wealth of Greek style helmets and greaves. All Greek-style armour finds stem from burials, most of which can be dated to the 4th_2nd century BC. The Greek-style helmet and greave finds from the Western Caucasus are particularly important for the study of Greek armour as a whole, the bulk of which comes from votive contexts in Greece (Olympia). However, none of these finds can be dated later than the mid s" century BC. The Western Caucasus, however, is home to the highest concentration of Greek-style armour finds (particularly helmets) in the Hellenistic period, and as such are extremely useful in expanding upon existent typologies - which end with the Classical period, as well as examining the distribution and evident popularity of Greek armour outside Greece proper. The thesis begins by analyzing each individual region in terms of its interaction with the Greek world - colonization and trade contacts. This provides the necessary background for the analytical section, which looks at the defining characteristics of the individual greave and helmet types in order to answer questions of provenance and identify individual workshops. Particularly interesting is the heavy concentration and widespread distribution of the Chalcidian type helmet in the Caucasus foothills, which goes far to answer many questions about the key role played by the Caucasus tribes in the economy and political stability of the Western Caucasus as a whole.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

The western Caucasus - imported armour in the Hellenistic period

The region of the Western Caucasus comprises the territories along the north-eastern and eastern Black Sea coast - the Bosporan Kingdom, Colchis and the foothills and mountains of the Caucasus as they spread between the two states. The area was keenly affected by the ancient Greeks through colonization and trade from the 7th-6th centuries BC on. These connections have yielded a rich wealth in finds of Greek type, for example pottery, jewellery, and weaponry. The latter is particularly interesting, as it comprises a wealth of Greek style helmets and greaves. All Greek-style armour finds stem from burials, most of which can be dated to the 4th-2nd century BC. The Greek-style helmet and greave finds from the Western Caucasus are particularly important for the study of Greek armour as a whole, the bulk of which comes from votive contexts in Greece (Olympia). However, none of these finds can be dated later than the mid 5th century BC. The Western Caucasus, however, is home to the highest concentration of Greek-style armour finds (particularly helmets) in the Hellenistic period, and as such are extremely useful in expanding upon existent typologies – which end with the Classical period, as well as examining the distribution and evident popularity of Greek armour outside Greece proper. The thesis begins by analyzing each individual region in terms of its interaction with the Greek world – colonization and trade contacts. This provides the necessary background for the analytical section, which looks at the defining characteristics of the individual greave and helmet types in order to answer questions of provenance and identify individual workshops. Particularly interesting is the heavy concentration and widespread distribution of the Chalcidian type helmet in the Caucasus foothills, which goes far to answer many questions about the key role played by the Caucasus tribes in the economy and political stability of the Western Caucasus as a whole. </p

The Western Caucasus - Imported Armour in the Hellenistic Period

The region of the Western Caucasus comprises the territories along the north-eastern and eastern Black Sea coast - the Bosporan Kingdom, Colchis and the foothills and mountains of the Caucasus as they spread between the two states. The area was keenly affected by the ancient Greeks through colonization and trade from the 7th-6th centuries BC on. These connections have yielded a rich wealth in finds of Greek type, for example pottery, jewellery, and weaponry. The latter is particularly interesting, as it comprises a wealth of Greek style helmets and greaves. All Greek-style armour finds stem from burials, most of which can be dated to the 4th-2nd century BC. The Greek-style helmet and greave finds from the Western Caucasus are particularly important for the study of Greek armour as a whole, the bulk of which comes from votive contexts in Greece (Olympia). However, none of these finds can be dated later than the mid 5th century BC. The Western Caucasus, however, is home to the highest concentration of Greek-style armour finds (particularly helmets) in the Hellenistic period, and as such are extremely useful in expanding upon existent typologies – which end with the Classical period, as well as examining the distribution and evident popularity of Greek armour outside Greece proper. The thesis begins by analyzing each individual region in terms of its interaction with the Greek world – colonization and trade contacts. This provides the necessary background for the analytical section, which looks at the defining characteristics of the individual greave and helmet types in order to answer questions of provenance and identify individual workshops. Particularly interesting is the heavy concentration and widespread distribution of the Chalcidian type helmet in the Caucasus foothills, which goes far to answer many questions about the key role played by the Caucasus tribes in the economy and political stability of the Western Caucasus as a whole. </p

JOB SATISFACTION AMONG COLLEGE TEACHERS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF SELF FINANCING ARTS AND SCIENCE COLLEGES (SFS) IN TIRUCHIRAPPALLI DISTRICT

Abstract The study was focused on finding out the satisfaction level of the college teachers at various ownership levels as this factor reflects on the overall development of the students. The satisfaction level differed at different categories

Streptobacillus moniliformis endocarditis: Case report and review of literature

Rat bite fever is a rare infection and sometimes results in complications. This case report describes native mitral valve endocarditis in a 44-year-old male patient caused by Streptobacillus moniliformis. The diagnosis was confirmed by transesophageal echocardiography and blood cultures (BACTEC). The patient was treated with IV crystalline penicillin (6 weeks) and gentamicin (2 weeks). The fundamental importance of a high index of suspicion, interpreting investigations and appropriateness of therapy are highlighted

Alcibiades, "A classic precursor for Alexander"

© Archaeopress and the individual authors 2011