94 research outputs found
Peninjauan Kembali Produktivitas Kelompok Tukang Batu di Lapangan Terhadap Analisa SNI 2007 Pada Pekerjaan Bangunan
Produktivitas tenaga kerja yang baik sangat diperlukan untuk keberhasilan proyek konstruksi dan merupakan faktor mendasar yang mempengaruhi performansi kemampuan bersaing dalam industri konstruksi.
Studi ini ingin mengetahui dan mengukur produktivitas tukang batu di tiga lokasi pada proyek bangunan dengan menggunakan metode survey lapangan pada 32 orang. Tujuannya adalah untuk membandingkan besaran produktivitas tukang batu di lapangan terhadap analisa SNI 2007. Dengan ini diharapkan dapat mengoptimalkan produktivitas tukang batu dalam pelaksanaan pekerjaan bangunan.
Setelah dilakukan penelitian produktivitas tukang batu saat ini di tiga lokasi pada empat jenis pekerjaan hasilnya hanya pekerjaan pondasi batu kali lebih rendah produktivitasnya dibandingkan produktivitas analisa SNI 2007. Sedangkan tiga pekerjaan lainnya pasangan dinding ½ bata, cor beton, dan plesteran masih lebih tinggi. Artinya produktivitas pada analisa SNI 2007 masih dapat dijadikan standar dalam penawaran harga, hanya saja pada pekerjaan pondasi batu kali disarankan ada penyesuaian koefisien analiasanya. Serta didapatnya rumus dan tabel hubungan antara produktivitas rata-rata, waktu, dan jumlah tenaga kerja tukang batu untuk menyusun strategi kebutuhan tukang batu dalam pelaksanaan pekerjaan konstruksi
Water Quality Analysis Relation To Phytoplankton Community And Fish Resources in Teluk Gelam Lake, Ogan Komering Ilir
This study aimed to analyze the quality of the waters and its relationship with the structure of phytoplankton communities and fish resources. This research was conducted in March 2021 at lake Teluk Gelam Ogan Komering Ilir. Phytoplankton sampling has been done once with 3 replays and there are 5 station points. Measurement of water quality parameters physical and chemical waters include temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), ammonia, brightness, turbidity, depth, nitrite, nitrate, and phosphate. Water quality analysis was calculated using the pollution index method (IP) and evaluated based on environmental quality standards according to the Decree of the State Minister for the Environment Number 115 of 2003. Based on the results of research that have been conducted in the lake Teluk Gelam district Ogan Komering Ilir that the overall average parameters of water quality in the lake were still an adequate condition for the life of organisms, especially phytoplankton. And based on the observations on the composition of phytoplankton structures in the waters of the lake Teluk Gelam found 3 classes of phytoplankton consisting of Bacillariophyceae, Chlorophyceae, and Cyanophyceae with a varied number of genera, while the fertility level of Teluk Gelam lake waters is included in the eutrophic category
Study of Medical Hazardous And Toxic (B3) Waste Management From Health Clinic
Medical waste is classified as hazardous and toxic material waste (B3) and the management of which is required to be carried by regulations established by the government. The goals of this study are to ascertain the quantity of B3 medical waste, to recognize B3 waste, and to acquire knowledge regarding the processes involved in managing B3 waste that is produced by clinical health activities. The study was conducted in one of the health clinics in Sri Katon Village, Buay Madang Timur District, East Ogan Komering Ulu Regency (East OKU), South Sumatra Province, from October to November 2021. Based on the findings of the study, it can be concluded that the health clinic's B3 waste management activities, including storage, supporting facilities, and infrastructure, comply all applicable B3 waste management laws and regulations. Waste management and storage activities commence with the identification of B3 waste, the storage procedure, and the packaging of B3 waste. Additional management activities in partnership with the third license
Risk Quotient of Airborne Paraquat Exposure Among Workers in Palm Oil Plantation
Paraquat is the herbicide widely used at palm oil plantations, although usage it in some countries has been banned and restricted. Paraquat spraying was not appropriate procedure could be polluted the environment and lead to health disorders workers. Paraquat could enter the body through inhalation, dermal and ingestion, one of frequent routes through inhalation during spraying weeds in plantation areas. This study aimed was to analyze potential inhalation dose and Risk Quotient to workers at palm oil plantation. This research was a descriptive study with cross sectional design and analysis of environmental health risk methods. Airborne Paraquat residue was collected from 8 workers with occupational activity as a supervisor and sprayer. Airborne Paraquat residue was measured for 25 minutes during spraying by using personal air sampler at worker's breathing zone. Airborne Paraquat residue was detected by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with NIOSH 5003 methods. The average of airborne Paraquat residue was 0.0125 mg/m3, it values was less than the Threshold Limit Value (0.05 mg/m3) of American Conference of Government Industrial Hygienists, but the average of potential inhalation dose was 0.001 mg/kg/day for worker's weight 55 kg, it was value higher than Acceptable Operator Exposure Limit (0.0005 mg/kg/day) and the calculation of Risk Quotient (RQ) was more than 1, it conditions was unacceptable for workers. Although, airborne Paraquat residue were safe, but potential inhalation dose and Risk Quotient (RQ) were unsafe for workers, cause it can be lead to lung function disorders. Therefore, for further studies it was necessary to assess the lung function of workers and the use of personal protective equipment must be completely and standard
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI BORAK TERHADAP KEAWETAN KAYU KARET
Pohon karet (Hevea braziliensis) merupakan tanaman asli di daerah Amazone Amerika Selatan yang tersebar di seluruh hutan alam. Secara umum pohon ini dapat tumbuh di daerah tropis. Di Indonesia pohon karet banyak ditemukan pada perkebunan besar dan perkebunan rakyat di daerah Sumatera, Kalimantan dan Jawa untuk diambil getahnya. Pohon karet yang sudah tidak produktif merupakan potensi untuk dimanfaatkan kayunya sebagai bahan baku industri, hanya saja kayu karet mempunyai kelemahan, yaitu mudah diserang hama jamur (blue stain) dan serangga perusak kayu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektifitas penggunaan borak dalam mencegah terjadinya kerusakan kayu karet terhadap jamur dan serangan serangga perusak kayu, sehingga dapat meningkatkan kualitas kayu karet. Variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah variasi waktu, konsentrasi borak, dan perlakuan. Contoh uji yang digunakan kayu karet dengan ukuran panjang 25 cm x lebar 15 cm x tebal 2 cm. Variasi waktu pengawetan dengan perendaman dingin 24 jam, 48 jam, dan 72 jam, dengan perebusan 1 jam, 2 jam, dan 3 jam, konsentrasi bahan pengawet borak 25 g/l, 30 g/l, dan 35 g/l. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penggunaan bahan pengawet borak pada kayu karet berpengaruh siqnifikan terhadap mortalitas, retensi dan derajat kerusakan. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi bahan pengawet, semakin meningkat mortallitas serangga perusak kayu dan retensi, serta menurunkan derajat kerusakan. Penggunan pengawet borak dengan konsentrasi 30 g/l dengan waktu perendaman 48 jam, dan waktu perebusan 2 jam, menghasilkan mortalitas serangga perusak kayu ralatif besar, dan retensi 0,00527 g/cm dan 0,00504 g/cm3, serta derajat kerusakan terendah 100% yaitu pengurangan berat 9,78% (masih dibawah < 10 %) masuk katagori serangan ringan ada bekas gigitan.
Kata kunci: borak, derajat kerusakan kayu karet, keawetan, mortalitas, retens
OPTIMALISASI WAKTU FERMENTASI PEMBUATAN ZAT WARNA ALAM INDIGO (INDIGOFERA TINCTORIA)
Tanaman Indigo jenis indigofera tinctoria tumbuh tersebar luas di Indonesia juga dinegara lain diantaranya Taiwan, Jepang, India, dan Thailand. Tanaman ini sudah ada sejak jaman nenek moyang dan para perajin sejak telah menggunakan pewarna indigo alami untuk memberi warna biru (wedel) pada pembuatan batik dan tenunan tradisional kuno. Kendala yang dihadapi saat ini adalah saat proses fermentasi daun indogo yang menghasilkan hasil yang berbeda (warna biru) bahkan kadang tidak diperoleh hasil. Dengan demikian perlu dilakukan penelitian proses dan mekanisme pembuatan zat warna indigo melalui proses fermentasi. Bahan yang digunakan adalah daun dari tanaman indigo jenis indogofera tinctoria yang berasal dari Gunung Kidul (sepanjang pantai Krakal), Bantul (Imogiri dan sepanjang pantai Trisk), dan Kulonprogo Provinsi Darah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Adapun variasi waktu fermentasi yang digunakan adalah 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, 36, 42, 48, 54, 60, 66jam, pada suhu kamar dengan pelarut air. Selain fermentasi proses yang dilewati pada kondisi kritis saat pembuatan zat warna indigo adalah, pengeburan (aerasi) atau pengikatan pewarna oleh alka, proses pereduksi dengan bahan pereduksi gula atau tetes, dan proses oksidasi.
Dari hasil evaluasi pengujian diperoleh:jenis tanaman Indigofera tinctoria dari daerah Gunung Kidul diperoleh hasil pasta warna lebih bagus dari jenis tanaman Indigofera Tinctoria dari daerah Kulon Progo dan Karang Tengah (Imogiri). Optimalisasi waktu fermentasi yang disarankan berdasarkan penelitian supaya hasil pewarnaan optimal adalah 36-48 jam, menghasilkan rendeman sebesar 15,63 % dengan kadar (indigo+kapur) 35,97% berdasarkan 62,43% kadar air. Sedang untuk ketahanan luntur warna terhadap Pencucian yaitu antara 4 s/d 4 — 5, sedangkan ketahanan luntur warna terhadap gosokan 3 — 4 dan terhadap sinar matahari sebesar 4-5.
Kata kunci: daun tanaman indigo, fermentasi, pengeburan, pewarnaa
Komunitas Arthropoda Tanah Di Kawasan Sumur Minyak Bumi Di Desa Mangunjaya, Kecamatan Babat Toman, Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin, Provinsi Sumatera Selatan
Penelitian Pembuatan Arang Bambu (Bamboo Charcoal) Pda Suhu Rendah Untuk Produk Kerajinan
A charcoal formation process occurs when an object is being heated until it reaches its burning point and smoldered, then the oxygen intake is stopped or restricted, so the object will not get burned into ashes. In this research, there are two tipes of furnaces being used, those are: Furnace Tipe-1, with low temperature (120°C) and Furnace Tipe-2, with medium temperature (120°C 260°C), which are made from barrel with 35 cm of diameters. There are 3 tipes of bamboo used in this research, namely: Cendani, Petung, and Legi Bamboo, also semi-finished bamboo products. The procedures are: material preparation (cutting and selection), drying, and measurement of initial water content, charcoal formation process, observation of the process and success rate identification. The objective of this research is for to know the influence the factor of a charcoal formation process at low and medium temperature From the measurement, the initial water content of those 3 tipes of bamboo is under 15%. Meanwhile, from the observation and identification, it obtained that in the charcoal formation process using Furnace Tipe-1, the average highest temperatures reached is 107,4°C during 5 hours, with success rate between 60% - 90%, or 73 in average. In Furnace Tipe-2, the average highest temperature is 112,8°C during 3,5 hours, with success rate between 50% - 90% or 81% in average
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