STUDIES ON THE AGING OF MINERAL WATERS (I) CHANGES IN THE RADON CONTENT OF THERMAL WATERS OF MISASA AFTER FLOWING OUT

The author determined the radon content of the thermal waters of Misasa, Tottori Prefecture Japan, at various times after flowing out, and obtained the following results: 1) The velocity of variation is expressed by a simple equation with respect to the radon content. At thermal temperaturee of 41.5-41.8°C and room temperature of 24.3-28.0°C, a following exrerimental equation was obtained, u:;ing a beaker with a inner diameter of about 17 cm and a height of 27 cm, log a = -0,0048t + 2.59 a: radon content in Mache unit. t : time in minute. 2) A close relation was observed between the room temperature and the rate of variation of radon, and also between the thermal temperature and the rate of variation of radon, that is, the rate of variaton of radon was proportional to the room temperature and the thermal temperature respectivly, as it is clearly seen from the distribution coefficient of radon. 3) There exists a c1ose relation between the velocity of variation of radon and the surface area being in contact with air, that is, the velocity was generally proportional to the square root of the surface area, or to the radius of the surface. 4) The velocity of variation of radon content was roughly inversely proportional to relative humidity of air. 5) Betweeen the range of sodium chloride concentrations from 0.1 to 40.1 g. per liter no difference was proved concerning the velocities of variation in radon content

STUDIES ON THE AGING OF THE MINERAL WATERS (Ill) VARIATION OF SILICATE IN THEMINERAL WATERS

When silicate content is determined by the colorimetric method, the silicate content in the mineral waters and sodium silcate solution decreases in addition of ammonium hydroxide and sodium carbonate respectively, and moreover after addition of aluminium ion in the samples, when aluminium hydroxide is precipitated from ammonium hydroxide solution, total silicates in various forms are coprecipitated with it. The silicate content in the mineral waters that are kept in concentrations of 0.1～0.4 normality of sodium hydroxide showed special variations with times

STUDIES ON THE AGING OF MINERAL WATERS (II) CHANGES IN THE SILICATE CONTENT OF THERMAL WATERS OF MISASA AFTER FLOWING OUT

The author determined the silicate content of the thermal water of Hisui-no-Yu, Misasa, Tottori Prefecture, Japan, at varying times after flowing out, and obtained the following results: 1) The change in the silicate content after flowing out is at first remarkable. 2) The velocity of the changes in the silicate content has a tendency to be faster in the sample that is kept in the vessel with a wide water surface than in the one that has a smaller surface

CHEMICAL STUDIES ON THE SPRINGS IN SANYO DISTRICT (II)

The author determined the radon contents of spring waters in the eastern part of Hiroshima Prefecture. In this district granite is distributed, and radon was found in most of the spring waters, although their content was variable. The results are as follows: 1) The highest radon content was 172 Mache (626×10(-10) Curie/ℓ) of Harada Spring. Such a high mdon content is rare in the spring waters of Sanyo District. 2) Kanae Spring showed 73.2 Mache (266.4×10(-10) Curie/ℓ) and the well waters near by it showed also comparatively high radon content. 3) The radon contents of the springs of Niwakayama, Immyoseki and No.1 of Hongo, and Takasu water were 44.6 (162.3), 23.2 (84.5), 7.5 (27.3) and 14.7 (53.5) Mache (×10(-10) Curie/ℓ) respectively. 4) The radon contents of rain, river and sea waters could not be determined by the I. M. fontactoscopeon account of its low values

ON THE DETECTION OF RADIOACTIVE SPRING BY GROUND WATER

The author determined the radon content in the ground waters of Misasa and its vicinity by the I. M. fontactoscope from August to November, 1952. The results and conclusions are as follocvs : A close correlation was observed between the radon contents in the spring-waters and that in the ground-waters near the springs, so it seems possible to prospect the existence of radioactive springs by determination of the radon content in groundwaters in the place where no radioactive spring was found as yet. The highest radon content in 53 samples was 741 Mache (2697×10(-10) Curie/l) of the Mr, shigemasa Matsubara's well-water, and this record ecceeds the highest radon content in thermal waters of Misasa known up to the present time. Though the temperature of its well-water was 24.0°C in the afternrnoon of November 25th, 1952, the hot-springs of Yamadaku-kyodoYu, Gunzeshinsenryo, Koyoen, and so on, issue neare by the well. Therefore, the author points out that if a boring is tried in the place where the well is the centre, a most strongly radioactive hot spring in the world may issue

ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE NITRATE CONTENT IN THE MISASA HOT SPRINGS, TOTTORI PREFECTURE

The author determined the nitrate content in Misasa Hot-Springs, sampled from August to October, 1952, In all the well-waters, the amounts of nitrate were higher than 1mg/l, and the highest nitrate content was 9.6mg/l in the well-water in front of Mr. Aoki, s house. In the hot-springs, the author found 10 springs containing more than 1 mg/l of nitrate, and the highest nitrate content was 9.0 mg/l in the Hakuro-Yu, but the lotvest content was about 0 mg/l in the Iwasaki Hot-Springs. In Ishiyu and "Yamadaku-KyodoYu" during the stay of irrigation water in rice-fields from the rain season to September, the amounts of flow incrensed, but the content of radon and chloride decreased. On the other hand, in Hisui-no-yu, the chloride content decreased and the radon content increased with the amount of flow. Moreover, the amounts of nitrate were considerably high in the Ishiyu and Yamndaku-KyodoYu Hot Springs, but fairly low in the Hisui-no-Yu. So the author expects that some relation may be found between the variation of the radon content and the amounts of nitrate. The water samples, which nitrate contents were high, showed a tendency to have a high phosfate content generally

STUDY ON RADON CONTENT OF WATERS AND EARTH TEMPERATURES IN FUKUDOME KITADANI VILLAGE, TOTTORI PREFECTURE, JAPAN

In Fukudome, Kitadani Village, Tottori Prefecture, the radon content of well waters and waters in rice-field and earth temperatures were determined. The radon content of waters in "A" district was higher than that in its neighbourhood, and earth temperatures of "A'" district were higher than those in its neighbourhood. Furthermore, "A" district coincides nearly with "A'" district. These results seem to be dne to the effects of the spring which issues in A (or N) district and supplies a water of high salinity

Ultraviolet Radiation-Induced Impairment of Tumor Rejection Is Enhanced in Xeroderma Pigmentosum A Gene-Deficient Mice

Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP)A gene-deficient mice display dermatologic abnormalities similar to human XP, such as enhanced ultraviolet (UV)-induced acute inflammation and high incidence of UVB-induced skin cancer. We have previously reported that UVB-induced immunosuppression of contact hypersensitivity was greatly enhanced in XPA mice. In the present study, we examined the effects of UVB radiation on tumor rejection in XPA mice. Tumor cells established from UVB-induced squamous cell carcinoma in XPA mice were injected subcutaneously. No difference in the development of tumors was observed between the non-irradiated XPA and wild-type mice. Tumors developed, grew in size, and reached the maximum at 7–10 d after the inoculation. Thereafter, all tumors decreased in size and were completely rejected by 4 wk in both strains of mice. When tumor cells were inoculated into the skin that had been irradiated with 50–150 mJ per cm2 of UVB, tumor grew in 60% (12 of 20) of the XPA mice, but only in 4% (one of 23) of wild-type mice. Phenotyping of tumor-infiltrating cells revealed that the migration of natural killer cells and CD8(+) T cells was inhibited in UVB-irradiated XPA mice. These data suggest that enhanced UVB-induced impairment of tumor rejection could be partially involved in the cancer development of XP patients

CHEMICAL STUDTES ON THE RIVER WATERS IN THE INFECTED LOCALITIES WITH KATAYAMA-DISEASE (II)

In the previous report, one of the authors, T. Sugihara, discussed the results of chemical analysis of waters in the infected localites with Katayama-disease in the whole neighbourllood of Kannabe-cho, Fukayasu-distriict, Hiroshima-Prefecture. In this report, the authors discussed the results obtained in Yamanashi prefecture, and in the area drained by Chikugo River, and found the following facts: 1) The amount of KMnO(4) consumed and the copper content were high as in the previous report. 2) The calcium content was 7.3~22.2 mg/ℓ in the river waters of this report, but it was 18.7~38.2 mg/ℓ in the waters in the places of the previous paper. And in the previous report the author pointed out that the calcium content was fairly higher in the waters in the infected localities with Katayama disease than in the non-infected localities. But as the calcium content was relatively lower this time than in the previous investigation, more research is intended to reach definite conclusion