A new approach to detect membrane proteins : Loading of marker molecules into liposomes for detection of single membrane proteins

Membrane proteins are essential to the function of biological systems. The ability to map the placement and abundance of these proteins can facilitate several improvements within both medicine and biology. This project aims to construct a new method to map specific membrane proteins in tissue by loading marker molecules into liposomes decorated with targeting molecules for detection in mass spectrometry imaging (MSI). Loaded liposomes decorated with targeting molecules would make detection of one individual membrane protein possible in the MSI. This project resulted in a loading protocol of the marker molecule n-methyl,n-ethylbenzylamine (EMBA) into liposomes. The initial loading of EMBA could be determined to be higher than the detection limit of EMBA in solution using MSI. However, due to leakage, mainly during the post insertion during decorating of the liposomes, the amount of loaded EMBA is decreased which made the detection of liposomes in the MSI more difficult. The investigation of the possibility do detect a single loaded liposome in the MSI instrument was carried out both in solution and immobilised. Preliminary results show that EMBA from the loaded liposomes can be detected in the MSI. The immobilization technique needs further refinement due to disruption of the liposome layer as a result of drying during MSI measurements. The obtained results are a great advancement towards a new technique to map membrane proteins in actual tissue using a liposome system and MSI

A new approach to detect membrane proteins : Loading of marker molecules into liposomes for detection of single membrane proteins

Membrane proteins are essential to the function of biological systems. The ability to map the placement and abundance of these proteins can facilitate several improvements within both medicine and biology. This project aims to construct a new method to map specific membrane proteins in tissue by loading marker molecules into liposomes decorated with targeting molecules for detection in mass spectrometry imaging (MSI). Loaded liposomes decorated with targeting molecules would make detection of one individual membrane protein possible in the MSI. This project resulted in a loading protocol of the marker molecule n-methyl,n-ethylbenzylamine (EMBA) into liposomes. The initial loading of EMBA could be determined to be higher than the detection limit of EMBA in solution using MSI. However, due to leakage, mainly during the post insertion during decorating of the liposomes, the amount of loaded EMBA is decreased which made the detection of liposomes in the MSI more difficult. The investigation of the possibility do detect a single loaded liposome in the MSI instrument was carried out both in solution and immobilised. Preliminary results show that EMBA from the loaded liposomes can be detected in the MSI. The immobilization technique needs further refinement due to disruption of the liposome layer as a result of drying during MSI measurements. The obtained results are a great advancement towards a new technique to map membrane proteins in actual tissue using a liposome system and MSI

A new approach to detect membrane proteins : Loading of marker molecules into liposomes for detection of single membrane proteins

Membrane proteins are essential to the function of biological systems. The ability to map the placement and abundance of these proteins can facilitate several improvements within both medicine and biology. This project aims to construct a new method to map specific membrane proteins in tissue by loading marker molecules into liposomes decorated with targeting molecules for detection in mass spectrometry imaging (MSI). Loaded liposomes decorated with targeting molecules would make detection of one individual membrane protein possible in the MSI. This project resulted in a loading protocol of the marker molecule n-methyl,n-ethylbenzylamine (EMBA) into liposomes. The initial loading of EMBA could be determined to be higher than the detection limit of EMBA in solution using MSI. However, due to leakage, mainly during the post insertion during decorating of the liposomes, the amount of loaded EMBA is decreased which made the detection of liposomes in the MSI more difficult. The investigation of the possibility do detect a single loaded liposome in the MSI instrument was carried out both in solution and immobilised. Preliminary results show that EMBA from the loaded liposomes can be detected in the MSI. The immobilization technique needs further refinement due to disruption of the liposome layer as a result of drying during MSI measurements. The obtained results are a great advancement towards a new technique to map membrane proteins in actual tissue using a liposome system and MSI

Quartzene – A promising thermal insulator : Studies of thermal conductivity’s dependence of density and compression of Quartzene® in the form of powder.

The purpose of this project was to study Svenska Aerogel AB’s product Quartzene®, and develop its capacity as a thermal insulator. Quartzene® is a silica based mesoporous material developed by Svenska Aerogel AB, with properties similar to aerogels produced by the sol-gel process. In this report, the correlation between pore structure and thermal conductivity in the material has been studied using techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy, focused ion beam, finite element simulations and transient plane source. Its properties are interesting because of the expanding market of insulated vacuum panels; in which Svenska Aerogel AB wish to expand to. It was found that the pore sizes of M21-BU increased after compression, and the pore sizes of M4-0-2 decreased. The pore sizes of M21-BU became so large that the Knudsen effect is no longer of interest, and that could explain the different behaviors in thermal conductivity

Quartzene – A promising thermal insulator : Studies of thermal conductivity’s dependence of density and compression of Quartzene® in the form of powder.

The purpose of this project was to study Svenska Aerogel AB’s product Quartzene®, and develop its capacity as a thermal insulator. Quartzene® is a silica based mesoporous material developed by Svenska Aerogel AB, with properties similar to aerogels produced by the sol-gel process. In this report, the correlation between pore structure and thermal conductivity in the material has been studied using techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy, focused ion beam, finite element simulations and transient plane source. Its properties are interesting because of the expanding market of insulated vacuum panels; in which Svenska Aerogel AB wish to expand to. It was found that the pore sizes of M21-BU increased after compression, and the pore sizes of M4-0-2 decreased. The pore sizes of M21-BU became so large that the Knudsen effect is no longer of interest, and that could explain the different behaviors in thermal conductivity

Quartzene – A promising thermal insulator : Studies of thermal conductivity’s dependence of density and compression of Quartzene® in the form of powder.

The purpose of this project was to study Svenska Aerogel AB’s product Quartzene®, and develop its capacity as a thermal insulator. Quartzene® is a silica based mesoporous material developed by Svenska Aerogel AB, with properties similar to aerogels produced by the sol-gel process. In this report, the correlation between pore structure and thermal conductivity in the material has been studied using techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy, focused ion beam, finite element simulations and transient plane source. Its properties are interesting because of the expanding market of insulated vacuum panels; in which Svenska Aerogel AB wish to expand to. It was found that the pore sizes of M21-BU increased after compression, and the pore sizes of M4-0-2 decreased. The pore sizes of M21-BU became so large that the Knudsen effect is no longer of interest, and that could explain the different behaviors in thermal conductivity