176 research outputs found
A SOCIO-TECHNICAL PERSPECTIVE ON REPRODUCIBILITY IN RESEARCH DATA MANAGEMENT
The Open Science paradigm has brought the dissemination of experimental artifacts on the agenda of funding agencies, research institutions, and academic publishers. Managing research data is a crucial part of guaranteeing the reusability and reproducibility of published results. In this research, we suggest a conceptualization of reproducibility based on threats, risks, and vulnerabilities identified in current research data management (RDM) practices. By doing so, we can describe a range of threats to reproducibility and pinpoint areas where current RDM practices and the scholarly communication infrastructure insufficiently address these threats. Further, we elaborate on a socio-technical approach to reproducibility in RDM by collecting evidence from researchers and scientific publications. We show that the STS approach complements current IS research on RDM by offering a holistic view of reproducibility challenges in RDM
ISFAM: THE INFORMATION SECURITY FOCUS AREA MATURITY MODEL
Information security is mainly a topic that is considered to be information technology related. However, to successfully implement information security, an organizationΒ΄s information security program should reflect the business strategy. Nowadays information security is in many companies enforced by the information technology department, based on what they think should be in place to protect their business from inside and outside threats and risks. Additionally, information security covers many different subjects. This makes it especially hard for small and medium sized organizations to determine how they should design their information security program. \ \ Therefore, we present the Information Security Focus Area Maturity Model (ISFAM). By identifying dependencies between various aspects of information security and representing them coherently in the ISFAM, the model is capable of determining the current information security maturity level. Involving the ISFAM model in the design process of an organizationΒ΄s information security program enables organizations to set up high level guidelines based on their current status. These guidelines can be used to incrementally and structurally improve information security maturity within the organization. We have successfully evaluated the ISFAM assessment model through a single case study at a medium sized telecommunications organization
UU-Tax at SemEval-2022 Task 3: Improving the generalizability of language models for taxonomy classification through data augmentation
This paper presents our strategy to address the SemEval-2022 Task 3 PreTENS:
Presupposed Taxonomies Evaluating Neural Network Semantics. The goal of the
task is to identify if a sentence is deemed acceptable or not, depending on the
taxonomic relationship that holds between a noun pair contained in the
sentence. For sub-task 1 -- binary classification -- we propose an effective
way to enhance the robustness and the generalizability of language models for
better classification on this downstream task. We design a two-stage
fine-tuning procedure on the ELECTRA language model using data augmentation
techniques. Rigorous experiments are carried out using multi-task learning and
data-enriched fine-tuning. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed
model, UU-Tax, is indeed able to generalize well for our downstream task. For
sub-task 2 -- regression -- we propose a simple classifier that trains on
features obtained from Universal Sentence Encoder (USE). In addition to
describing the submitted systems, we discuss other experiments that employ
pre-trained language models and data augmentation techniques. For both
sub-tasks, we perform error analysis to further understand the behaviour of the
proposed models. We achieved a global F1_Binary score of 91.25% in sub-task 1
and a rho score of 0.221 in sub-task 2
ΠΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΈΠΌΠ²ΠΎΠ» ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π° ΡΠΏΠΎΡ ΠΈ Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ
Π£Π±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠΌΠ²ΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²Π° Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°ΠΊΠ° ΡΠΈΠΌΠ²ΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π΅Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΠΊΠ° ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΈΠΌΠ²ΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π° ΡΠΏΠΎΡ
ΠΈ Ρ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Π½ΠΎ Π² Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π΅.ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π»ΠΈΠ²ΡΡΠ΅ Π·Π° Π²ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ Π½Π΅Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠΌΠ²ΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΠ° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π΄ΡΠΉΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°ΠΊΡ ΡΠΈΠΌΠ²ΠΎΠ»Π° ΡΠ° ΠΉΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π΅Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΠΊΡ Ρ
ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΡΠΊ ΡΠΈΠΌΠ²ΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Ρ Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡ
Ρ Ρ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡΠΊΠΎΡ ΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠ»ΡΠ·Π°ΡΡΡ. Π¦Π΅ ΠΉ Π·ΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Ρ Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π»Ρ.It is the most convincing to trace formation of invisible structure of symbol and finding of real organic unity of visible sign of symbol and its invisible structure on the example of the sign of cross as the symbol of paradigmal image of epoch of christian civilization. It is done in given material
WHAT CONCERNS USERS OF MEDICAL APPS? EXPLORING NON-FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS OF MEDICAL MOBILE APPLICATIONS
The increased use of internet through smartphones and tablets enables the development of new consumer-focused mobile applications (apps) in health care. Concerns including these appsΒ΄ safety, usability, privacy, and dependability have been raised. In this paper the authors present the results of a grounded theory-approach to finding what non-functional requirements of medical apps potential users view as most important. A document study and interviews with stakeholders yielded nine non-functional requirements for medical apps: accessibility, certifiability, portability, privacy, safety, security, stability, trustability, and usability. Six of these were evaluated with two groups (differing by age) of potential users through a vignette study. This revealed differences between the age groups regarding the importance each attributed to appsΒ΄ usability and certifiability. Furthermore, and contrary to consensus in literature, privacy was considered one of the least important attributes for medical apps by both groups. Trustability, security, and, for the younger group, certifiability, were considered the most important non-functional requirements for medical apps. The implications of these results for developing medical mobile applications are briefly visited
Effect of calculating Pointwise Mutual Information using a Fuzzy Sliding Window in Topic Modeling
Topic modeling is a popular method for analysing large amounts of unstructured text data and extracting meaningful insights. The coherence of the generated topics is a critical metric for determining the model quality and measuring the semantic relatedness of the words in a topic. The distributional hypothesis, a fundamental theory in linguistics, states that words occurring in the same contexts tend to have similar meanings. Based on this theory, word co-occurrence in a given context is often used to reflect word association in coherence scores. To this end, many coherence scores use Normalised Pointwise Mutual Information (NPMI), which uses a sliding window to describe the neighbourhood that defines the context. It is assumed that there is no other structure in the neighbourhood except for the presence of words. Inspired by the distributional hypothesis, we hypothesise the word distance to be relevant for determining the word association. Hence, we propose using a fuzzy sliding window to define a neighbourhood in which the association between words depends on the membership of the words in the fuzzy sliding window. To this end, we propose Fuzzy Normalized Pointwise Mutual Information (FNPMI) to calculate fuzzy coherence scores. We implement two different neighbourhood structures by the definition of the membership function of the sliding window.In the first implementation, the association between two words correlates positively with the distance, whereas the correlation is negative in the second. We compare the correlation of our proposed new coherence metrics with human judgment. We find that the use of a fuzzy sliding window correlates less with human judgment than a crisp sliding window. This finding indicates that word distance within a window is less important than defining the window size itself
A Comparative Study of Fuzzy Topic Models and LDA in terms of Interpretability
In many domains that employ machine learning models, both high performing and interpretable models are needed. A typical machine learning task is text classification, where models are hardly interpretable. Topic models, used as topic embeddings, carry the potential to better understand the decisions made by text classification algorithms. With this goal in mind, we propose two new fuzzy topic models; FLSA-W and FLSA-V. Both models are derived from the topic model Fuzzy Latent Semantic Analysis (FLSA). After training each model ten times, we use the mean coherence score to compare the different models with the benchmark models Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) and FLSA. Our proposed models generally lead to higher coherence scores and lower standard deviations than the benchmark models. These proposed models are specifically useful as topic embeddings in text classification, since the coherence scores do not drop for a high number of topics, as opposed to the decay that occurs with LDA and FLSA
A Comparative Study of Fuzzy Topic Models and LDA in terms of Interpretability
In many domains that employ machine learning models, both high performing and interpretable models are needed. A typical machine learning task is text classification, where models are hardly interpretable. Topic models, used as topic embeddings, carry the potential to better understand the decisions made by text classification algorithms. With this goal in mind, we propose two new fuzzy topic models; FLSA-W and FLSA-V. Both models are derived from the topic model Fuzzy Latent Semantic Analysis (FLSA). After training each model ten times, we use the mean coherence score to compare the different models with the benchmark models Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) and FLSA. Our proposed models generally lead to higher coherence scores and lower standard deviations than the benchmark models. These proposed models are specifically useful as topic embeddings in text classification, since the coherence scores do not drop for a high number of topics, as opposed to the decay that occurs with LDA and FLSA
Π ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ»Π΅Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ, ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° (75 Π»Π΅Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΡΠΊ, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°Π΅Π²ΠΈΡΡ ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²Ρ)
An important strategic decision within the food industry is to achieve the optimal product portfolio allowing an organization to support its customers in the best possible way. Numerous models exist to categorize products based on their relative metrics like revenue, volume, margin or constructed scores. In order to make a more profound decision whether to keep or to remove a product from the portfolio a closer look into product interdependencies is desirable. Hence, by exploring existing DM-techniques through literature and evaluating those DM-techniques that seem suited in a PPM-context by applying each to a dataset, we aim to identify those techniques that complement a Product Portfolio Management process in the food industry. Three DM-techniques were selected: Dependency Modeling, Change and Deviation Detection, and Classification. Of these three techniques, two were found to be of complementary value in a PPM-context, Dependency modeling and Classification, respectively. Change and deviation detection was found to be of no complementary value in a PPM-context due to it forecasting future data points based on historical data, which results in future data points never exceeding the maximum historical data points. However, change and deviation detection could be of complementary value in another context. Finally, we propose an a lgorithm to visualize the data-driven product classifications in a standard po rtfolio matrix which p ortfolio managers can intuitively understand
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