Evaluating a Mindfulness Intervention as an Aid for Dietary Change

Mindfulness refers to awareness in each moment. Jon Kabat-Zinn, at University of Massachusetts Medical School developed Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) to help patients with chronic pain and stress-related disorders. The program requires a 2-3 hour meeting/week and 45-60 minute daily meditation for 8 weeks. Researchers at The Ohio State University created and tested a low-dose (ld) version, (MBSR-ld), in a clinical trial. Both MBSR and MBSR-ld include mindful eating. MBSR has been effective in eating disorders but hasn't been examined in the non-clinical subject. The focus of this study was to examine the impact of mindfulness training on eating behaviors in the non-clinical subject. In the MBSR-ld study there were 90 participants in each group. The primary hypothesis was that participants in the mindfulness group would display greater changes in eating behavior than the active control group, a lifestyle education program, as measured by food frequency questionnaires (FFQ). A second hypothesis was they would become more mindful pre/post as measured by five daily diary questions on eating patterns. The final hypothesis was the mindfulness group would show a greater increase in mindfulness as measured by the validated MAAS (mindfulness attention awareness scale). MAAS measures dispositional mindfulness and awareness in the present moment. Daily diaries were completed for two weeks pre and two weeks post-intervention. The MAAS was completed once pre and once post-intervention. See Appendix I for the MAAS. While pairwise t-tests revealed the active control group exhibited an increase in consumption of fruits and vegetables (p = 0.01), the mindfulness group had changes such as a decrease in consumption of breads (p = 0.02), meats (p = 0.00), and alcohol (p = 0.06), and was more mindful in eating patterns (p = 0.01). Both groups increased MAAS scores which may be attributed to both programs increasing overall awareness. However, the mindfulness group received 1/8 weeks focused on food and eating behaviors and the active control group received similar lessons in 6/8 weeks. Both groups experienced benefits of becoming aware of eating behaviors however the mindfulness training allowed the information to be learned and applied in less time. Mindful eating may be an effective approach towards dietary change.No embarg

Geophysical and Soil Chemical Investigations at New Windsor Cantonment

No abstract available at this time

Second Amendment Background Principles and Heller\u27s Sensitive Places

Judges and commentators have widely acknowledge that history enjoys a privileged status in Second Amendment cases, but its precise role is undertheorized and rarely controls case outcomes. In particular, courts have been unable to decide sensitive places cases-- challenges to location-based gun laws-- in a manner that adheres to Supreme Court precedent because existing Second Amendment doctrine lacks a test for sensitive places cases that uses history and tradition in a principled way. This Article proposes a solution to address that problem. An untapped source of guidance is the Court\u27s takings jurisprudence. Interpreting their respective constitutional provisions, Justice Scalia observed that both property rights and the right to keep and bear arms are fundamental rights that prefigure ratification. Specifically, Scalia observed, both the Second Amendment and the Takings Clause rely upon bright-line rules subject to a location-based exception, require the use of history and tradition in the respective analyses, and deal with property interests. In several important cases-- including Heller and McDonald-- the Court has indicated that the right to keep and bear arms is animated by property-like principles. This suggests the Court\u27s well-established takings jurisprudence is a more germane source to inform its less-developed sensitive places doctrine than the sources scholars and judges currently look to, such as free speech doctrine. This Article explores what the Court\u27s takings jurisprudence can teach us about the constitutionality of location-based gun laws. I propose a framework for courts to analyze sensitive places cases by borrowing from doctrine that is more familiar to courts, but similarly governs a pre-constitutional individual right. My examination of the Court\u27s takings doctrine indicates that the role of history and tradition in analyzing a fundamental right, like the right to keep and bear arms, is more elastic than many assume-- but that history and tradition should play a larger role than it currently does

JATROPHA OIL WITH IRON NANOPARTICLES APPLICATION IN DRILLING PROCESSES

A performance of heat transfer fluids has a substantial influence on the size, weight and cost of heat transfer systems, therefore, a high-performance heat transfer fluid is very important in many industries. Over the last decades, nanofluids have been developed. According to many researchers and publications on nanofluids, it is evident that nanofluids have a high thermal conductivity. The aim of this experimental study was to investigate the change of the workpiece temperature during drilling using Jatropha oil with iron nanoparticles and water with iron nanoparticles as lubricating and cooling fluids. These experiments were carried out with samples of nanofluid with different nanoparticles volume ratio, such as samples JN1, JN5 and JN10 of iron nanoparticles in the base Jatropha oil with a nanoparticle volume fraction of 1 %, 5% and 10% respectively and samples WN1, WN5 and WN10 of iron nanoparticles in the base water with a nanoparticle volume fraction of 1 %, 5% and 10% respectively

18th- and Early 19th-Century Brickmaking at the John Jay Homestead: The Process, Products, and Craftsmen

On-site brick kilns were established routinely for construction projects at non-urban sites in the 18th and early 19th centuries. Archaeological excavations at the brick lot at the John Jay Homestead State Historic Site revealed features relating to the manufacture of a brick. Documentary and scientific research revealed information about the brickmakers and established a baseline for the identification of brick sources from three different areas of New York State. Comparisons between brickmakers at the Jay and Schuyler houses and between brickmakers and other craftsmen are discussed here

Remediation of Distressed Frozen Earth Cofferdams

Artificial Ground Freezing was used to provide temporary earth support and groundwater control for a complex system of three frozen earth cofferdams for the Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewer District’s Harbor Siphons Project in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Site geometry and frozen earth structural design precluded construction of one large excavation, requiring the component system of the tangential cofferdams. High groundwater velocity prevented the formation of the frozen earth walls during various stages of the project. Remedial methods including external dewatering, permeation grouting, jet grouting, timber shoring and sheet piling were attempted to complete the project. Ultimately a more aggressive ground freezing program was implemented and the project was successfully excavated. The design of the ground freezing system is presented, as well as the difficulties encountered with the high ground water velocity and its impact on freezing. The failed remedial approaches are discussed in detail, including lessons learned. A description of the aggressive ground freezing approach is included as it was the final solution to a complex problem of site geometry and unexpected groundwater conditions

NANOFIBERS FROM POLYVINYL ALCOHOL AND CAN ENLARGE THE SET OF TRAPPED ODOROLOGICAL TRACES

We tested collecting abilities of nanofibers made from polyvinyl alcohol and calcofluor (PVAC) for odorological trace collection. Our study revealed that spectrum of odorological traces trapped on nanofibrous PVAC absorbent is more stable and reproducible compared to commonly used ARATEXTM. In addition, both PVA and PVAC nanofibers can adhere a large number of traces undetectable by ARATEX.  Our results show that functionalization of commonly used absorbent ARATEXTM with PVA and PVAC nanofibers can vastly increase the accuracy of trace collection and, thus, significantly improve the forensic investigation