Nova metoda mjerenja ekonomske konvergencije i njena primjena na centralne kineske provincije

In order to solve the shortcomings of classical convergence analysis and spatial econometric analysis, this paper proposes a delta statistics method to assess economic growth convergence of central China cities. The result shows to be more close to the reality by analyzing the drawbacks of the classical relative beta convergence, combining the advantages of gams convergence, reference panel data, co-integration theory with the time factor into model. Then, Monte Carlo simulation method is used to analyze its distribution, which shows that it obeys to the normal distribution assumption in large samples. At last, our method is applied to the analysis of economic convergence of central China.Kako bi se otklonili nedostaci klasične analize konvergencije i prostorne ekonometrijske analize, ovaj rad predlaže delta statističku metodu za potrebe procjene konvergencije ekonomskog rasta u gradovima centralne Kine. Rezultati pokazuju da se dolazi bliže stvarnosti analizirajući loše strane klasične relativne beta konvergencije kombinirajući prednosti gama konvergencije, referentnih panelnih podataka, kointegracijske teorije s vremenskim faktorom u modelu. Zatim, Monte Carlo model simulacije se koristi za analizu distribucije što pokazuje da odgovara pretpostavci normalne distribucije u velikim uzorcima. Naposljetku, naša se metoda primjenjuje na analizu ekonomske konvergencije u centralnoj Kini

Evaluating hospital performance with plant capacity utilization and machine learning

This study extends the measurement of plant capacity utilization by incorporating undesirable outputs. We select indicators through feature selection in machine learning and also introduce an undesirable output for assessment in these models. By defining and applying four plant capacity concepts, we analyze plant capacity utilization in health institutions in 31 provinces in China over the last 11 years (2009 to 2019). This paper has two main contributions. First, we propose a refined by-production hospital technology by introducing the mortality rate into the performance evaluation of public hospitals. Second, we expand the measures of plant capacity utilization with undesirable outputs. The preliminary results show that after the introduction of the death rate, the long-run output-oriented plant capacity utilization of medical institutions is significantly impacted. Furthermore, we found a high level of long-run input-oriented plant capacity utilization tends to increase mortality.acceptedVersio

Pre-positioning inventory and service outsourcing of relief material supply chain

Service outsourcing is very common in a commercial supply chain, and in humanitarian relief area the transportation service is usually outsourced. To practice relief supply more effectively, it seems essential to enlarge outsourcing from shipping to more areas, and private enterprises could play a vital role. This paper examines the optimal pre-disaster order quantity of a certain relief commodity, based on a two-stage coordinated approach. Our findings show that the delay cost, shortage penalty cost, risk of supply shortage, salvage value, expected perishable rate, unit inventory cost and reactive price have significant impacts on the optimal amount of propositioned inventory. Moreover, the outsourcing strategies differ by types of relief commodities. For perishable supplies, proactive or reactive outsourcing would improve the benefits of buyer and supplier simultaneously. As for imperishable supplies, it is better to combine proactive insourcing approach and reactive outsourcing strategy. In view of some supplies whose monitoring cost is high, the insourcing approach is much better than outsourcing approach

The residential coal consumption : disparity in urban-rural China

We appreciate the support of the Program for Major Projects in Philosophy and Social Science Research of the Ministry of Education of China (No. 14JZD031), Key Program of National Social Science Fund of China (No. 15AJY005), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 71473203, 71171001, and 71471001), and New Century Excellent Talents in University (No. NCET-12-0595).Peer reviewedPostprin

A Nonparametric Analysis of Energy Environmental Kuznets Curve in Chinese Provinces

Energy resources are an important material foundation for the survival and development of human society, and the relationship between energy and economy is interactive and complementary. This paper analyzes the energy consumption–economic growth nexus in Chinese provinces using novel and recent nonparametric time-series as well as panel data empirical approaches. The dataset covers 30 provinces over the period of 1980-2018. The empirical analysis indicates the presence of a nonlinear functional form and smooth structural changes in most of the provinces. The nonparametric empirical analysis validates the presence of a nonlinear unit root problem in energy consumption and economic growth, and nonlinear cointegration between the variables. Additionally, the nonparametric panel cointegration test reports evidence of convergence in energy consumption and economic growth patterns across the provinces. The nonparametric regression analysis finds economic growth to have a positive effect, on average, on energy consumption in all provinces, except for Beijing. Further, the energy environmental Kuznets curve exists between economic growth and energy consumption in 20 out of 30 Chinese provinces. The Granger causality analysis reveals the presence of a mixed causal relationship between economic growth and energy consumption. The empirical findings have important implications for Chinese authorities in planning for improving energy efficiency, decoupling between economic growth and energy consumption, and reducing the environmental footprint of provinces

Market segmentation and industry overcapacity considering input resources and environmental costs through the lens of governmental intervention

The problems with China’s regional industrial overcapacity are often influenced by local governments. This study constructs a framework that includes the resource and environmental costs to analyze overcapacity using the non-radial direction distance function and the price method to measure industrial capacity utilization and market segmentation in 29 provinces in China from 2002 to 2014. The empirical analysis of the spatial panel econometric model shows that (1) the industrial capacity utilization in China’s provinces has a ladder-type distribution with a gradual decrease from east to west and there is a severe overcapacity in the traditional heavy industry areas; (2) local government intervention has serious negative effects on regional industry utilization and factor market segmentation more significantly inhibits the utilization rate of regional industry than commodity market segmentation; (3) economic openness improves the utilization rate of industrial capacity while the internet penetration rate and regional environmental management investment have no significant impact; and(4) a higher degree of openness and active private economic development have a positive spatial spillover effect, while there is a significant negative spatial spillover effect from local government intervention and industrial structure sophistication. This paper includes the impact of resources and the environment in overcapacity evaluations, which should guide sustainable development in emerging economies

Statistical analysis of environmental protection and economic growth in China

China has maintained rapid growth for nearly 40 years, achieving significant economic development. However, it also caused many problems including resource shortages and environmental pollution. This is partly because China pursued a pattern of extensive growth by relying on primary resource inputs. China has now begun to adjust its development and environmental protection policies to handle these problems. The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China emphasized the construction of an ecological civilization given China’s energy constraints, serious environmental pollution, and degraded ecosystem. This study aims to characterize the relationship between economic growth and environmental protection in China. Using data envelopment analysis, the generalized method of moments, and a coupled modelling method, we studied the mutual relationship between environment and growth, as well the effect environmental regulation has on economic activities. The following results were obtained: (1) There are wide disparities in pollutant emissions across regions of China. The developed eastern provinces are facing the worst environmental issues, especially water pollution. The provinces with a lower level of economic development experience relatively fewer environmental problems. There are also significant pollution differences across industries. Environmentally degraded industries are mainly concentrated in the capital-intensive manufacturing sector. (2) A significant linkage is found between energy input and environmental total factor productivity, which is the promotion of environmental efficiency that can facilitate energy saving. Therefore, it is necessary and useful to promote environmental efficiency. (3) There is a coupling relationship between environmental protection and manufacturing industries, which is evolving from a moderate and low to moderate one. However, from a dynamic perspective, the degree of coupling is not as optimistic as expected. The coupling relationship is associated with disordered development. (4) China’s environmental regulation would worsen employment conditions, which is consistent with results that do not consider open conditions. This finding may be attributed to the cleaner productio

Public-Private Partnerships Investment in Energy as New Determinant of CO2 Emissions: The Role of Technological Innovations in China

This paper explores the relationship between ‘public-private partnerships investment in energy sector and carbon emissions’ considering the vital role of technological innovations in carbon emissions function for China. In doing so, we apply bootstrapping autoregressive distributed lag modeling (BARDL) for examining the cointegration between carbon emissions and its determinants. The empirical results reveal that public-private partnerships investment in energy impedes environmental quality by increasing carbon emissions. On contrary, technological innovations have negative effect on carbon emissions. The relationship between economic growth and carbon emissions is inverted-U shaped i.e. environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis. Exports are positively linked with carbon emissions. Foreign direct investment impedes environmental quality by stimulating CO2 emissions. The empirical findings provide new insights for policy makers to direct public-private partnerships investment in energy for the betterment of environmental quality in China

Public-Private Partnerships Investment in Energy as New Determinant of CO2 Emissions: The Role of Technological Innovations in China

This paper explores the relationship between ‘public-private partnerships investment in energy sector and carbon emissions’ considering the vital role of technological innovations in carbon emissions function for China. In doing so, we apply bootstrapping autoregressive distributed lag modeling (BARDL) for examining the cointegration between carbon emissions and its determinants. The empirical results reveal that public-private partnerships investment in energy impedes environmental quality by increasing carbon emissions. On contrary, technological innovations have negative effect on carbon emissions. The relationship between economic growth and carbon emissions is inverted-U shaped i.e. environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis. Exports are positively linked with carbon emissions. Foreign direct investment impedes environmental quality by stimulating CO2 emissions. The empirical findings provide new insights for policy makers to direct public-private partnerships investment in energy for the betterment of environmental quality in China