Terapi Nonfarmakologi Nyeri Padapersalinan:Systematic Review

Latar Belakang: Nyeri pada persalinan merupakan respon fisiologis tetapi dapat mengakibatkan peningkatan katekolamin yang berakibat mengganggu kontraksi uterus sehingga dapat menyebabkan inersia uteri, partus lama, oksigenasi pada janin tidak adekuat hingga distress janin, serta kematian ibu dan atau janin apabila nyeri persalinan tidak ditangani. Oleh karena itu penting penanganan nyeri bagi ibu selama persalinan. Tujuan : Sistematik review ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui metode efektif  dalam mengurangi nyeri persalinan, sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai metode alternatif penanganan nyeri pada ibu bersalin. Metode : Systematik review ini dilakukan dengan pencarian artikel menggunakan database elektronik yaitu google schoolar, Science Direct, Pubmed dan Sinta. Kata kunci yang digunakan dalam bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa inggris adalah “Non Farmakologi”, “Nyeri”, “Persalinan”, dan “Terapi”, “Pain Labor”, “Pain Relief in Labor”, “Non Pharmacology”, “Therapy”. Kriteria inklusi artikel yang diambil antara lain peneliti dengan pendidikan terakhir S1 dan artikel dengan penelitian 4 tahun terakhir 2014 -2018, penelitian kuantitatif, terdapat instrumen dan fulltext. Hasil pencarian artikel ditemukan pada Google Schoolar sesuai kata kunci dan berdasarkan tahun 2014-2018 sebanyak 795 artikel, Science Direct sebanyak 443 artikel, Pubmed 108 artikel dan Sinta sebanyak 3 artikel. Setelah disesuaikan dengan kriteria inklusi maka artikel yang tersisa sebanyak 16 artikel yang terdiri dari database Google Schoolar 8 artikel, Science Direct sebanyak 4, Pubmed 3 artikel dan Sinta sebanyak 1 artikel. Hasil : Dalam upaya mengurangi nyeri persalinan ada berbagai metode yang dapat digunakan, antara lain terapi massage, musik, aromaterapi, kompres hangat, latihan nafas (breath exercise), dan latihan birthball. Kesimpulan dan Saran: penelitian ini memberikan bukti yang valid metode non farmakologi efektif dalam mengurangi nyeri saat bersalin. Studi lebih lanjut terkait tindakan non farmakologi dapat dilakukan lebih mendalam mengenai tindakan mana yang paling efektif untuk mengurangi nyeri persalinan

The Reduction of Anxiety Level With Benson Relaxation at Cibabat Cimahi Hospital

Client with post cesarean section is suffering of pain. The pain can cause the anxiety. The anxiety state can be reduced by anxiety management. The anxiety management is not only pharmacological remedy, but also non pharmacological treatment. The aim of the study is to identify the reduction of anxiety level with Benson Relaxation Technique among client with post cesarean section. The design of the study was a quasi experiment with pre and posttest design. The study was conducted at Cibabat hospital Cimahi. The sample is 30 of post cesarean section women with quota sampling based on criteria. The Benson relaxation technique is a mix between relaxation and faith philosophical factor or religion. The focus of this relaxation is a certain word that has a meaning in order to make it calm for the client. This technique is saying several times with the regular rhythm of surrender feeling. The Benson relaxation was given along 4 days every 12 hours for 10 minutes. The HARS-Zung modification is used to measure the anxiety. The instrument was applied before and after intervention along 4 days post cesarean section. The result of the study showed that the mean of anxiety before intervention was 16.47. It was decreased to 14,57. The study found the significant comparing by anxiety state before and after intervention (p = 0.00). Thus, the Benson relaxation can reduce anxiety state among client with cesarean section. The researcher recommends for health services institution, especially maternity department can use the Benson relaxation technique as a standard operational procedure of non-pharmacological anxiety management among client with post cesarean section

The Effect of Benson Relaxation on Reduction of Pain Level Among Post Caesarean Section Mother at Cibabat Hospital, Indonesia

Post cesarean section client is suffered of paindue to operative trauma and after pain. The cause of pain can notbe eliminated. However, the sensation of the pain state can bereduced by pain management. The pain management is not onlypharmacological remedy but also non pharmacological treatment.The aim of the study was to identify the effect of Benson Relaxationtechnique on pain intensity among mother with post cesareansection. Design of the study was quasi experiment with pre and posttest design. The study was conducted at Cibabat hospital. Thesample of each group was 30 of post cesarean section mothers withquota sampling based on criterion. The Benson relaxationtechnique was mix between relaxation and faith philosophicalfactor or religion. The focus of this relaxation was at certain wordthat has a meaning in order to make it calm for the client. Thistechnique was saying several times with regular rhythm ofsurrender feeling. The Benson relaxation was given along 4 daysevery 12 hours for 10 minutes. The visual analog scale (VAS) wasused to measure the pain intensity. Those instruments were appliedbefore and after intervention. The result of the study showed thatthe mean of pain before intervention was 4.97 cm. It was decreasedto 2.63 cm. The study found a significantly different comparing ofpain intensity before and after intervention (p = 0,000). Conclusion:The Benson relaxation can reduce the pain intensity state amongclient with cesarean section. The researcher recommend for healthservices institution especially maternity department can use theBenson relaxation technique as a standard operational procedureof non pharmacological pain management among mothers withpost cesarean section

PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN NUTRISI PADA TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN IBU POST PARTUM

Penatalaksanaan nutrisi yang kurang adekuat selama masa postpartum dapat menimbulkan masalah. Kurangnya pengetahuan ibu postpartum akan pentingnya nutrisi akan menimbulkan masalah, baik bagi ibu maupun bayinya. Diperlukan Pendidikan Kesehatan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman ibu post partum terkait nutrisi selama post partum. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan tentang nutrisi terhadap pengetahuan ibu post partum. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain quasy eksperimen dengan rancangan one group pre-test dan post-test. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner. Teknik pengambilan data menggunakan Purposive Sampling. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu post partum dengan sampel 9 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan ibu post partum terkait nutrisi mengalami peningkatan menjadi pengetahuan baik setelah dilakukan pendidikan kesehatan (100%). Kesimpulan dari penelitian bahwa  pendidikan kesehatan  berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan ibu post partum.

LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE IN PREGNANT WOMEN ABOUT ANEMIA IN SUKAMULYA AND TAROGONG PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER

Anemia among pregnant mothers in Garut Regency in 2018 still appears to be high beyond the national target. The highest rate happened in Sukamulya Public Health Center, and the lowest rate was at Tarogong Public Health Center. One of the factors influencing anemia is the level of knowledge among pregnant mothers. This study aimed to determine the level of knowledge among pregnant mothers on anemia in Sukamulya and Tarogong Public Health Center. The design used in this study was descriptive quantitative. The population in this research was pregnant mothers with anemia in Sukamulya and Tarogong Public Health Center. The sample taken in this study was 69 participants in Sukamulya Public Health Center, and 95 participants in Tarogong Public Health Center gained by accidental sampling technique. The data collection conducted from May to June 2019 and analyzed using univariate. The result showed that there was a difference in the level of knowledge of pregnant mothers on anemia. In Sukamulya Public Health Center, almost 46.44% of participants had a lack of knowledge of the causes of anemia in pregnant mothers, meanwhile, in Tarogong Public Health Center, almost 49.5% had sufficient knowledge of anemia. It concluded that there was a different level of knowledge among pregnant mothers on anemia. Pregnant mothers in Sukamulya categorized had inadequate knowledge and for pregnant mothers in Tarogong categorized had sufficient knowledge about anemia. There is an intended value that the authors suggest, the public health centre must improve the knowledge among pregnant mothers on anemia through health counselling and seminar, especially regarding the knowledge on the cause of anemia among pregnant mothers in Sukamulya Public Health Center. Keywords: Anemia, Pregnant Mothers, Knowledg

PARENT'S ROLE PREVENTING EARLY MARRIAGE

Background: Early marriage has many negative impacts; therefore, parents needed an effort to prevent early marriage. Purpose: To describe the role of parents in preventing early marriage. Method: quantitative descriptive, Accidental sampling technique, with a sample size of 95. The study was conducted in May 2019. The research instrument was a questionnaire on the Role of Parents in Preventing Early Marriage, modified from Novianti (2017), contained 30 questions, with a validity score of 0.3785 and alpha cronbach 0.707. Data analysis using frequency distribution. This research had been registered to the ethics committee with the ethics number of 535/UN6.KEP/EC/2019. Result: 56 people (59%) parents done their role excellent in preventing early marriage. Of the five roles of parents, the role of parents was an educator 64 (67%), role models and friends 46 (48%), counselor 40 (53%), and 60 (63%) as a communicator. Conclusion: the role of parents in preventing early marriage was categorized as either the role of educator, communicator and counselor, while the role of parents as friends and role models was said to be wrong. Suggestion: education about early marriage to the community and adolescents to reduce or minimize early marriage incidence Keywords: Prevention, Early Marriage, Role of Parents

Hubungan Sosiodemografi Orang Tua dengan Sikap Remaja Tentang Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja

Sosiodemografi orang tua memiliki peranan yang cukup besar dalam membentuk sikap anak remaja, salah satunya sikap anak remaja tentang kesehatan reproduksi remaja (KRR). Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan sosiodemografi orang tua terhad sikap remaja tentang KRR. Rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui pengisian instrumen quisioner. Data dianalisa menggunakan Chi Squere. Penelitian dilakukan tahun 2017 di SMPN dan SMAN wilayah Kabupaten Bandung. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa SMP dan SMA yang digunakan sebagai lokasi penelitian sejumlah 12.000. Sample berjumlah 668 siswa menggunakan rumus Slovin. Tehnik pengambilan sample dengan stratified random sampling. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa Variabel sikap berhubungan dengan pekerjaan orang tua (p=0,000),  pendidikan orang tua (p=0,000), dan pendapatan keluarga (p=0,000). Kesimpulan: sosiodemografi orang tua memiliki hubungan dengan sikap pada anak remaja.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan, disarankan agar orang tua dapat menjalankan perannya sebagai pengendali sikap anak remaja dalam mendukung perilaku anak remaja terhadap kesehatan reproduksi remaja. &nbsp

Feeding practices in stunting children aged 24-59 months at Sukamukti Community Health Centre Garut Regency

Stunting is one of the nutritional problems which has become a global concern. Stunting can be caused by various factors, one of which is the inadequacy of feeding practices. This study aims to describe feeding practices in stunting children. This research used a retrospective method. The study was conducted on 50 respondents. The research was carried out in May 2019 with ethical licensing numbered 509/UN6.KEP/EC/ 2019. Data were analyzed using item analysis. The results showed that there was 32% did not get IMD or early initiation of breastfeeding, 84% did not get exclusive breastfeeding, 46% was not breastfeed until the age of two years, 6% was not been given MP-ASI or weaning food at the age of 6-8 months , 34% did not meet the minimum dietary diversity (MDD), 36% did not meet the minimum meal frequency (MMF), 56% did not meet the minimum acceptable diet (MAD), and 100% consumed iron-containing foods. The conclusion of this research is that feeding practices in children at the age of 0-23 months is still less than optimal.&nbsp

GAMBARAN KEPUASAN KEBUTUHAN SEKSUAL WANITA DENGAN MASA KLIMAKTERIUM

Abstract: Description of sexual neeeded satisfaction of women with climacteric. The satisfaction of sexual needs is one of the basic human needs that ideally can always be fulfilled by someone. But normally women will experience problems in satisfying satisfactory sexual needs due to the completion of the reproductive period of women or so-called climacterium. This study aims to determine how the satisfaction of sexual needs of women with climacterium in women employee of Universitas Padjadjaran. The research uses quantitative descriptive with sampling inclusion-exclusion criteria technique on 138 Unpad education staffs who are entering the age of climacterium with age above 40 years. The research instrument used questionnaire Sexual Satisfaction Scale-Women where the questionnaire was using the likert scale 1-5. Data were analyzed using frequency distribution.The results showed that communication variables have the lowest average value that is equal to 21.25. While the the highest average value of sub-variable is personal concern, that is equal to 24.62. While for sub variable of contentment, compatibility, and relational concern each have average value equal to 23,01; 22.85; and 23.58. Based on this research got the result that most of the respondents showed the total value of satisfaction of sexual requirement very high. It is possible to expose information about the satisfaction of sexual needs in the climacterium at the employees of Universitas Padjadjaran. It is recommended that women undergoing a climacteric age maintain this positive attitude until they actually enter the menopause phase. Keywords: Sexual Satisfaction, Sexual Needs, Climacterium      Abstrak:Gambaran Kepuasan Kebutuhan Seksual Wanita Dengan Masa Klimakterium. Kepuasan kebutuhan seksual merupakan salah satu kebutuhan dasar manusia yang idealnya dapat selalu terpenuhi oleh seseorang. Namun secara normal wanita akan mengalami masalah dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan seksual yang memuaskan akibat selesainya masa reproduktif wanita atau yang disebut juga dengan klimakterium. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimanakah kepuasan kebutuhan seksual wanita dengan klimakterium pada tenaga kependidikan wanita Universitas Padjadjaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan teknik kriteria inklusi-eksklusi sampling pada 138 tenaga kependidikan Unpad yang tengah memasuki masa klimakterium dengan usia diatas 40 tahun. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner Sexual Satisfaction Scale-Women dimana kuesioner ini menggunakan skala likert 1-5. Data dianalisis menggunakan distribusi frekuensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa sub variabel komunikasi memiliki nilai rata-rata yang paling rendah yaitu sebesar 21,25. Sedangkan nilai rata-rata sub variabel yang paling tinggi adalah concern personal, yaitu sebesar 24,62. Sedangkan untuk sub variabel kepuasan, kecocokan, dan concern relational masing-masing memiliki nilai rata-rata sebesar 23,01; 22,85; dan 23,58. Berdasarkan penelitian ini didapatkan hasil bahwa sebagian besar responden menunjukan total nilai kepuasan kebutuhan seksual yang sangat tinggi. Hal ini terjadi kemungkinan baiknya paparan informasi mengenai kepuasan kebutuhan seksual dimasa klimakterium pada karyawan Universitas Padjadjaran. Disarankan agar wanita yang tengah mengalami masa klimakterium mempertahankan sikap positif ini hingga mereka benar-benar memasuki fase menopause. Kata kunci: Kepuasan Seksual, Kebutuhan Seksual, Klimakterium