Síndrome de Stewart Treves: relato de caso

Apresentamos um caso de linfoangiossarcoma de membro superior esquerdo, em paciente de 52 anos, previamente submetida à mastectomia radical modificada à esquerda, seguida de radioterapia devido ao carcinoma de mama 6 anos antes. Esta rara síndrome está associada a linfedema crônico, após mastectomia radical, seguida de radioterapia. Aproximadamente 400 casos foram relatados na literatura. A ocorrência infreqüente dessa doença e a aparência inócua do tumor, freqüentemente levam a retardo no diagnóstico e tratamento. No caso dessa paciente, o diagnóstico foi obtido por meio de biópsia incisional da lesão, com confirmação pela imuno-histoquímica, utilizando marcadores de células endoteliais, anticorpo anti-CD31, vimentina e actina muscular. A paciente foi submetida à amputação do membro superior, e encontra-se em seguimento sem recorrência local ou à distância há 18 meses

Tuberculose Primária da Mama Primary Tuberculosis of the Breast

Objetivos: apresentar casuística de tuberculose mamária e a avaliação dos métodos diagnósticos e clínicos para diagnóstico diferencial com carcinoma e sua evolução após tratamento. Pacientes e Métodos: foram incluídas duas pacientes com tuberculose mamária admitidas e acompanhadas em nosso Serviço de Mastologia e uma paciente da clínica privada no período de março 2001 a março de 2002. Foram avaliados os sintomas e sinais clínicos, achados laboratorias e de imagem, curso clínico, resposta terapêutica e seguimento. Resultados: a média de idade foi de 40,6 anos. Os sinais e sintomas mais freqüentes foram a dor e tumoração na mama. Em duas pacientes o diagnóstico presuntivo baseou-se nos achados clínicos e histopatológicos (processo inflamatório granulomatoso) e na resposta terapêutica aos tuberculostáticos. O diagnóstico microbiológico foi dado obtido em apenas uma paciente, por meio do achado do bacilo de Koch no tecido mamário. O esquema tríplice tuberculostático utilizado foi à base de rifampicina, isoniazida e pirazinamida, obtendo-se regressão das lesões mamárias. Conclusão: a tuberculose mamária primária é entidade rara que pode se apresentar clinicamente como nódulo mamário e radiologicamente como carcinoma, sendo importante o seu conhecimento para diagnóstico diferencial na presença de massa mamária.<br>Purpose: to make a differential diagnosis in regard to breast carcinoma and to evaluate diagnostic and clinical methods in the treatment of breast tuberculosis and the follow-up after adequate treatment. Patients and Methods: three patients with breast tuberculosis were observed from March 2001 to March 2002; the first two were hospitalized at our Mastology Department and the third patient was treated at a private clinic. The clinical signs and symptoms, laboratory findings, response to therapy and follow-up were evaluated. Results: the average age of the patients was 40.6 years. The most frequent signs and symptoms were pain and breast tumor. In two patients the presumptive diagnosis was based on the clinical findings, on the histological findings (granulomatous inflammatory process), and on the therapeutic response to tuberculostatic drugs. Only one patient had a microbiological diagnosis, as Koch's bacillus was identified in a sample of her breast tissue. Treatment with a triple tuberculostatic regimen, including rifampin, isoniazid and pyrazinamide, led to the regression of the lesions. Conclusion: primary breast tuberculosis, a rare occurrence which may present clinically as a breast nodule and radiologically as carcinoma, should be taken into account when making the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with mammary mass

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data