Effective communication of Ukrainian medical opinion leaders in social network

The article deals with the analysis of effective communication of Ukrainian opinion leaders in social media. In Ukraine, the use of social networking sites Facebook and Instagram has become widespread. There are also two recognized opinion leaders in the field of health care, Yevhen Komarovskiy and Ulana Suprun. Based on a two-step flow model of communication, the authors investigate how opinion leaders create their Internet content on social networks and establish communication with the audience. The study uses qualitative and quantitative research methods, which allow for reproducing the overall scheme of building the opinion leaders' internet content. The features of Ukrainian opinion leaders' effective communication with the audience were determined by specifying content distribution technologies, specifying formats for presenting information as well as identify the subject of messages, selecting out hashtags. According to the results of the study, opinion leaders use different channels of communication with the audience, and patients (own website, a YouTube channel, participation in media projects). Their activities in social networks Instagram and Facebook are confirmed by the regular posting and communication with other users, encouraging feedback. Opinion leaders in the medical field apply the following technologies to create a positive image and maintain credibility among the audience: minimizing messages about private life; creating a column about breaking down health stereotypes; spreading medical innovations; quality visual content; hyperlinks to their other channels; use and creating hashtags; simple and clear advice to their patients

Research Into Emissions of Nitrogen Oxides When Converting the Diesel Engines to Alternative Fuels

We conducted theoretical and experimental research into emissions of nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases of the diesel engines, re-equipped for gas.The research is important because the emissions of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gases are one of the biggest environmental problems at the present stage of development of designs for internal combustion engines. Therefore, reducing the emissions of nitrogen oxides in diesel engines by re-equipping them to gas fuel is an important task for specialists in design and operation of internal combustion engines.The result of theoretical research is the mathematical model that we constructed in order to calculate emissions of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gases of diesel engines and the engines, converted to gas fuel. Based on experimental research, we have established dependences of emissions of nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases of the diesel engines, re-equipped for gas, on loading and the crankshaft rotation frequency. Studies have shown that diesel engines, which are converted to alternative gas fuel, reduce emissions of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gases in a range from 13.9 % to 47.1 % depending on engine rotation and load. The results obtained make it possible to reduce the emissions of harmful substances in exhaust gases of automobile engines and optimize design of the systems for exhaust gases recirculatio

Fuel Economy Raising of Alternative Fuel Converted Diesel Engines

As a result of the theoretical research, calculations of the theoretical indicated specific fuel consumption for different methods of conversion of diesel engines to gas were carried out. The traditional method of derating in the conversion of diesel engines to gas by installing additional gaskets between the cylinder head and block was considered and the method of derating due to late intake valve closing was proposed.As a result of in vitro experimental research with different methods of conversion of the Opel X17DTL diesel engine, it was found that using the traditional method of engine derating by installing additional gaskets between the cylinder head and block, the indicated specific consumption increased, on average, by 8–9 %. But with a decrease in the compression ratio of the engine by the proposed method due to late intake valve closing, the experimental value of the indicated specific consumption not only did not increase, but decreased, on average, by 7–8 %. The reduction of the compression ratio of the engine due to late intake valve closing by the proposed method was carried out by changing the shape of the camshaft cams. To this end, the cams of the intake valves were fused and then ground to the desired profile, with which late intake valve closing occurred within the predetermined limits.The results obtained allow optimizing the processes of conversion of diesel engines to gas and reducing the fuel consumption of converted engines, on average, by 15–17 % compared to gas engines converted in a traditional way