Optimal design procedures for two-level fractional factorial experiments given partial prior information about parameters

Design optimization for fractional factorial experiments by finite decision problem based on prior informatio

Evaluasi Kualitas Air Minum Pam DKI Jakarta

A study was conducted to evaluate the quality of water supplied by the Water Supply Company of Jakarta. The monitoring of the water quality was done by both the Jakarta Health Service and the Water Supply Company of Jakarta, based on the Regulation No. 01/BIRHUKMAS/I/1975 issued by the Minister of Health. Several parameters of the quality standard were not met. On the average 0-35% of the samples did not meet the standard for fluoride. Other parameters which deviate from the standard were: hard­ness (43-93%), ammonium (21-49%), nitrite (27-30%) and organic substances (1-6%). The factors mentioned as possible causes were, aging of distribution pipes, lack of awareness in the community to maintain the water distribution system, water source pollution and limited ability of water processing units in the Water Supply Company

CO2 reforming of methane over ni supported on mesostructured silica nanoparticles (NI/MSN): effect of NI loading

A series of Ni incorporated Mesostructured Silica Nanoparticles (MSN) were prepared by physical mixing method. Electrolyzed nickel oxide was used as the Ni precursor. The N2 adsorption-desorption and X-Ray diffraction (XRD) analyses evidenced that the increase in Ni loading decreased the surface area and crystallinity, and increased Ni particle size in the catalyst, respectively. The activity of CO2 reforming of CH4 followed the order of 10Ni/MSN > 15Ni/MSN > 5Ni/MSN > MSN. The highest activity was achieved by 10Ni/MSN with the CH4 and CO2 conversion of 63.4% and 87.2 %, respectively. The results indicated that the presence of a suitable Ni amount in MSN was beneficial to achieve high catalytic activity due to its effect on the amount of active metal sites available for the reaction. Thus, the electrolyzed nickel oxide precursor and Ni/MSN catalyst prepared by electrochemical method and physical mixing synthesis has a potential to be utilized in CO2 reforming of CH4

Pengaruh Terapi Mandi Uap Terhadap Respon Fisiologis Stress Penderita Hipertensi

Hipertensi merupakan permasalahan kesehatan yang paling sering dijumpai diberbagai diberbagai negara, termasuk Indonesia. Hipertensi merupakan pemicu berbagai kerusakan organ di dalam tubuh seperti jantung, otak, dan ginjal. Kondisi stress menimbulkan efek yang merugikan karena memperberat hipertensi itu sendiri. Perubahan tanda vital (nadi dan pernafasan) merupakan respon fisiologis terhadap kondisi stress tersebut. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh mandi uap terhadap respon fisiologis stress pada penderita hipertensi. Desain penelitian adalah quasi eksperimen dengan pendekatan pre and post tes one group without control design. Jumlah responden yang dilibatkan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 44 orang yang diambil secara random. Hasil uji statistik menunjukan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antara rerata frekuensi pernafasan sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan (nilai p =0,000). Demikian pula dengan rerata frekuensi denyut nadi permenit, sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan menunjukan perbedaan yang bermakna (nilai p = 0,000). Rerata frekuensi pernafasan dan nadi setelah perlakuan menunjukan kenaikan yang signifikan dibandingkan dengan sebelum perlakuan. Dengan demikian dapat simpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang bermakna terapi mandi uap dalam meningkatkan respon fisiologis stress

Terapi Humor Untuk Menurunkan Intensitas Nyeri Pada Pasien Pasca Bedah Invasive

Tindakan pembedahan merupakan ancaman potensial atau aktual kepada integritas seseorang baik biopsikososial dan spiritual yang dapat menimbulkan respon berupa nyeri. Nyeri muncul karena terputusnya kontinuitas jaringan. Nyeri yang tidak diatasi dapat menganggu proses penyembuhan paska bedah. Metode untuk mengatasi nyeri dapat dilakukan secara farmakologi dan non farmakologi. Metode non farmakologi yang sering digunakan untuk mengatasi nyeri adalah teknik distraksi.Teknik distraksi dapat dilakukan dengan terapi humor. Terapi humor dilakukan dengan beberapa cara dengan melihat film lucu, mendengarkan kelompok lawak, melihat kartun, komik dan karikatur yang lucu serta membaca kumpulan cerita lucu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pengaruh terapi humor terhadap intensitas nyeri pada pasien paska bedah invasif minimal hari kedua. Desain penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif. Jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 40 orang. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah konsekutif sampling. Analisa dengan melihat presentasi penurunan pada tabel distribusi frekuensi. Hasil analisa menunjukkan perbedaan persentase penurunan skala nyeri yang lebih besar pada kelompok perlakuan. Terapi humor mampu menurunkan nyeri pada pasien paska bedah invasif minimal hari kedua

Extensive 1-year survey of trace elements and compounds in the airborne suspended particulate matter in Cleveland, Ohio

Concentrations of 75 chemical constituents in the airborne particulate matter were measured in Cleveland, Ohio, during 1971 and 1972. Values covering a 1-year period (45 to 50 sampling days) at each of 16 sites are presented for 60 elements. A lesser number of values is given for sulfate, nitrate, fluoride, acidity, 10 polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon compounds, and the aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds as a group. Methods used included instrumental neutron activation, emission spectroscopy, gas chromatography, combustion techniques, and colorimetry. Uncertainties in the concentrations associated with the sampling procedures, the analysis methods, the use of several analytical facilities, and samples with concentrations below the detection limits are evaluated in detail. The data is discussed in relation to other studies and source origins. The trace constituent concentrations as a function of wind direction are used to suggest a practical method for air pollution source identification

Pengembangan Teknologi Panen Hujan dan Aliran Permukaan: Analisis USAhatani Pemanfaatan Sumberdaya Air

Aplikasi teknologi panen hujan dan aliran permukaan di lahan kering dapat meningkatkan ketersediaan air, memperpanjang masa tanam, dan menekan risiko kehilangan hasil. Untuk menciptakan pengelolaan air berkelanjutan harus didukung peran serta masyarakat/petani dalam pengelolaannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari dampak aplikasi teknologi panen hujan (dam parit) terhadap USAhatani dan melihat persepsi masyarakat terhadap keberadaan dam parit. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Limampoccoe, Kecamatan Cenranae, Kabupaten Maros, Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan, pada bulan Pebruari sampai Oktober 2012. Kegiatan dilaksanakan melalui: 1) aplikasi pembangunan teknologi panen hujan dan aliran permukaan melalui dam parit, 2) analisis USAhatani dan penilaianpersepsi masyarakat terhadap keberadaan dam parit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teknologi panen hujan dan aliran permukaan dapat meningkatkan intensitas tanam dari pola tanam padi-bera-bera menjadi padi-kacang tanahbera dan padi-semangka-bera, dengan demikian terdapat peningkatan pendapatan USAhatani setelah pembangunan damparit. Petani merasakan manfaat dam parit dan merasa bertanggung jawab dalam menjaga kelangsungan fungsi dam parit

Aplikasi Membran Dalam Pemekatan Enzim Glukoamilase

Preparation of glucoamylase enzyme by fermentation of sago and soy bean meals had been done. Enzyme concentration was carried out by ultrafiltration process, where polysulfone membranes were used as medium filter. Membranes used in this experiment were prepared with several treatments, such as coagulation temperature and composition and beside that effect of solvent and additive are also observed. From the results of the observation during fermentation process in enzyme preparation, its clear that pH of solution changed in that pH increased with increasing fermentation time. The highest enzyme activity was shown on the sixth day of fermentation namely 2.908 U/ml with a specific enzyme activity of 1495.8 U/g protein. There is fluctuation in protein content during [ermenuuion process, but the highest level was obtained on the tenth day [ermenuuion (3.102 mg/l). The highest specific enzyme activity was shown on the sixth day fermentation (1495.8 U1g protein). The best membrane for the enzyme concentration by ultrafiltration process in this experiment are found form the membrane prepared from dimethyl acetamide as solvent and polyvinylpyrrolidane as additive. This membrane gave rejection coefficient of more than 90% andflux as much as 20.571 l/m2.hour