An Intelligent Auxiliary Vacuum Brake System

The purpose of this paper focuses on designing an intelligent, compact, reliable, and robust auxiliary vacuum brake system (VBS) with Kalman filter and self-diagnosis scheme. All of the circuit elements in the designed system are integrated into one programmable system-on-chip (PSoC) with entire computational algorithms implemented by software. In this system, three main goals are achieved: (a) Kalman filter and hysteresis controller algorithms are employed within PSoC chip by software to surpass the noises and disturbances from hostile surrounding in a vehicle. (b) Self-diagnosis scheme is employed to identify any breakdown element of the auxiliary vacuum brake system. (c) Power MOSFET is utilized to implement PWM pump control and compared with relay control. More accurate vacuum pressure control has been accomplished as well as power energy saving. In the end, a prototype has been built and tested to confirm all of the performances claimed above

Nonlinear photoconductivities and quantum geometry of chiral multifold fermions

Chiral multifold fermions are quasi-particles that appear only in chiral crystals such as transition metal silicides in the cubic B20 structure (i.e., the CoSi family), and they may show exotic physical properties. Here we study the injection and shift photoconductivities and also the related geometrical quantities for several types of chiral multifold fermions, including spin-1/2 as well as pseudospin-1 and -3/2 fermions, dubbed as Kramers Weyl, triple point and Rarita-Schwinger-Weyl (RSW) fermions, respectively. We utilize the minimal symmorphic model to describe the triple point fermions (TPF). We also consider the more realistic model Hamiltonian for the CoSi family including both linear and quadratic terms. We find that circular injection currents are quantized as a result of the Chern numbers carried by the multifold fermions within the linear models. Surprisingly, we discover that in the TPF model, linear shift conductivities are proportional to the pseudo spin-orbit coupling and independent of photon frequency. In contrast, for the RSW and Kramer Weyl fermions, the linear shift conductivity is linearly proportional to photon frequency. The numerical results agree with the power-counting analysis for quadratic Hamiltonians. The frequency independence of the linear shift conductivity could be attributed to the strong resonant symplectic Christoffel symbols of the flat bands. Moreover, the calculated symplectic Christoffel symbols show significant peaks at the nodes, suggesting that the shift currents are due to the strong geometrical response near the topological nodes

Correction: Magnetoconductance modulations due to interlayer tunneling in radial superlattices

Correction for ‘Magnetoconductance modulations due to interlayer tunneling in radial superlattices’ by Yu-Jie Zhong et al., Nanoscale Horiz., 2022, 7, 168–173, https://doi.org/10.1039/D1NH00449B

Acetylome of acinetobacter baumannii SK17 reveals a highly-conserved modification of histone-like protein HU

Lysine acetylation is a prevalent post-translational modification in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Whereas this modification is known to play pivotal roles in eukaryotes, the function and extent of this modification in prokaryotic cells remain largely unexplored. Here we report the acetylome of a pair of antibiotic-sensitive and -resistant nosocomial pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii SK17-S and SK17-R. A total of 145 lysine acetylation sites on 125 proteins was identified, and there are 23 acetylated proteins found in both strains, including histone-like protein HU which was found to be acetylated at Lys13. HU is a dimeric DNA-binding protein critical for maintaining chromosomal architecture and other DNA-dependent functions. To analyze the effects of site-specific acetylation, homogenously Lys13-acetylated HU protein, HU(K13ac) was prepared by genetic code expansion. Whilst not exerting an obvious effect on the oligomeric state, Lys13 acetylation alters both the thermal stability and DNA binding kinetics of HU. Accordingly, this modification likely destabilizes the chromosome structure and regulates bacterial gene transcription. This work indicates that acetyllysine plays an important role in bacterial epigenetics

Crowdsourced mapping of unexplored target space of kinase inhibitors

Despite decades of intensive search for compounds that modulate the activity of particular protein targets, a large proportion of the human kinome remains as yet undrugged. Effective approaches are therefore required to map the massive space of unexplored compound-kinase interactions for novel and potent activities. Here, we carry out a crowdsourced benchmarking of predictive algorithms for kinase inhibitor potencies across multiple kinase families tested on unpublished bioactivity data. We find the top-performing predictions are based on various models, including kernel learning, gradient boosting and deep learning, and their ensemble leads to a predictive accuracy exceeding that of single-dose kinase activity assays. We design experiments based on the model predictions and identify unexpected activities even for under-studied kinases, thereby accelerating experimental mapping efforts. The open-source prediction algorithms together with the bioactivities between 95 compounds and 295 kinases provide a resource for benchmarking prediction algorithms and for extending the druggable kinome. The IDG-DREAM Challenge carried out crowdsourced benchmarking of predictive algorithms for kinase inhibitor activities on unpublished data. This study provides a resource to compare emerging algorithms and prioritize new kinase activities to accelerate drug discovery and repurposing efforts

[[alternative]]The Study of Dementia Short-term Memory Training Based on Sensing and Compensatory Assistive Technology

[[abstract]]隨著人口老化，失智症罹病人數迅速攀升，其中以短期記憶衰弱或障礙者，導致個人生活自理能力喪失，醫療與社會成本增加莫此為甚。許多研究及服務經驗皆顯示，失智者透過早期診斷、早期治療包括非藥物治療的介入，對延緩失智症退化具有成效。然而，傳統集中式的失智照護模式多數集中在大型醫院或是機構中，以認知訓練為例，因為每位病患病程不盡相同需要透過專業人員編制不同失智友善教材，並進行認知活動的帶領，使得原本就已經短缺的醫療人力無法因應失智照護需求的急遽成長，因此如何提升服務能量與品質是最急正視的議題。 近年來資通訊技術迅速發展，許多創新研發及跨領域應用，已能有效地投入高齡失智照護環境之中。因此本研究以延緩失智症短期記憶力退化為目標，建構短期記憶認知訓練課程，結合藍牙低功耗、訊號強弱度、位置指紋定位法等技術，提出可應用於臨床環境的數位認知訓練系統，使患者能在物聯網資通訊技術與代償記憶輔助支持之下，促進失智患者發揮最大日常生活活動能力。為了評估所提出方法的有效性，本研究以系統易用性量表與滿意度問卷調查參與者的感受，研究結果初步達到認知訓練的學習效果，在課程滿意度的回饋上有不錯的表現，且系統易用性具有顯著正向影響，此套系統將可提供做為認知訓練設計及促進失智患者發揮最大日常生活活動能力之參考。[[abstract]]With the aging population and dementia patients increased rapidly, especially short-term memory decay or disabled people, people lose their ability to take care themselves. Moreover, they increase the expenses of medical treatment and society. Many researches and experience demonstrated that its effective that early diagnose and medical treat dementia patients, including nonpharmacological management of dementia. However, most of traditional and centralized dementia treating ways are in large hospitals or institutions. For example, cognitive training needs to prepare different kinds of friendly dementia treatments because every patient having different symptoms. Let shortage medical system cannot suffer from the rapidly increasing demand of curing dementia. Thus, its urgency to focus on enhancing quality and effective of treatment.Due to the development of the information and communication technology, many inventions and the Cross-disciplinary application already involved into the environment of the Dementia-care effectively. Therefore, this research aims to postpone the short-term memory decay caused by Dementia and construct the short-term memory cognitive training. Based on the technology of BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy), RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication) and Fingerprint Location Algorithm, this research presented a digital cognitive training system that can be used in clinical environment. Because of the technology of Internet of Things and the Compensatory Memory Aids, the Dementia patients can exert the maximum activity ability in daily life. This research used the SUS (System Usability Scale) and the satisfaction questionnaire to investigate the feelings of participants. The preliminary results indicate that the training system has positive impact on the participants. Thus, the design of cognitive training can take this research as reference

A Novel IoT Based Positioning and Shadowing System for Dementia Training

[[abstract]]A rapid increase in the number of patients with dementia, particularly memory decline or impairment, has led to the loss of self-care ability in more individuals and increases in medical and social costs. Numerous studies, and clinical service experience, have revealed that the intervention of nonpharmacological management for people with dementia is effective in delaying the degeneration caused by dementia. Due to recent rapid developments in information and communications technology, many innovative research and development and cross-domain applications have been effectively used in the dementia care environment. This study proposed a new short-term memory support and cognitive training application technology, a "positioning and shadowing system," to delay short-term memory degeneration in dementia. Training courses that integrate physical and digital technologies for the indoor location of patients with dementia were constructed using technologies such as Bluetooth Low Energy, fingerprint location algorithm, and short-range wireless communication. The Internet of Things was effectively applied to a clinical training environment for short-term memory. A pilot test verified that the results demonstrated learning effects in cognitive training and that the system can assist medical personnel in training and nursing work. Participants responded with favorable feedback regarding course satisfaction and system usability. This study can be used as a reference for future digital smart cognitive training that allows observation of the performance of patients with dementia in activities of daily living