F チュウシン ハッコウ ノ ジバ ヘンカ ノ チョクセツ ソクテイ ニヨル チョウビサイ ソウゴ サヨウ シンゴウ ノ ケンシュツ

Without microwave and rf field, we have optically detected the hyperfine (hf) signal of F centers in KCl at 4 K in a magnetic field range below 3.1 kOe. The hf signals were observed by the magnetic field dependence of F center luminescence. The angle dependence of hf signals was observed precisely for the first time. We determined the hf constant of Cl nuclei at the fourth and eighth shells, and K nucleus at ninth shell for the relaxed excited state (RES). They may due to the 2 s-like wave function in the RES of the F center

アルカリハライドチュウ ノ F チュウシン ノ レイキ ジョウタイ ノ キョウメイ オヨビ ヒキョウメイホウ ニヨル コウガクテキ ケンシュツ

We have optically detected the electron-spin resonance of F center in the relaxed excited state (RES) from the changes observed in the magnetic circular polarization (MCP) under the condition of modulated circular polarization at the resonant microwave of 50 GHz. We have found a new ESR peak at g=1.995 for the slightly high concentration of F center. Under the non-resonant condition, that is without microwave and rf field, we have optically detected the hf signal. We have found three facts : (1) the hf signal intensity is decreased with an increase of the frequency of the modulation field superimposed on the static magnetic field ; (2) the spin-lattice relaxation time in the RES is an important factor for the occurrence of the hf signal ; (3) the hf signal intensity is independent of the excitation power, P, in the low power range. However, it is reduced with an increase in P of the high power pulse laser

An Overview of Pituitary Incidentalomas: Diagnosis, Clinical Features, and Management

Pituitary incidentalomas are tumors or mass lesions of the pituitary gland. These are incidentally discovered during imaging studies for symptoms that are not causally related to pituitary diseases. The most common symptom that triggers an examination is headache, and the most common type of pituitary incidentalomas are pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) and Rathke cleft cysts. The existing treatment strategy is controversial; however, surgical resection is recommended in cases of clinically non-functioning PitNETs with optic chiasm compression. In contrast, cystic lesions, such as Rathke cleft cysts, should be followed if the patients are asymptomatic. In this case, MRI and pituitary function tests are recommended every six months to one year; if there is no change, the follow-up period should be extended. The natural history of PitNET is partially known, and the management of pituitary incidentalomas is determined by this history. However, the pathogenesis of PitNET has significantly changed with the new World Health Organization classification, and follow-up is important based on this new classification. Therefore, a high level of evidence-based research is needed to consider treatment guidelines for pituitary incidentalomas in the future

Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Cisternostomy for Nonneoplastic Sellar Cysts

Background and Importance. Sellar arachnoid cysts and Rathke’s cleft cysts are benign lesions that produce similar symptoms, including optochiasmatic compression, pituitary dysfunction, and headache. Studies have reported the use of various surgical treatment methods for treating these symptoms, preventing recurrence, and minimizing operative complications. However, the postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fistula and recurrence rate remain significant. Clinical Presentation. In this paper, we present 8 consecutive cases involving arachnoid cysts and Rathke’s cleft cysts, which were managed by using drainage and cisternostomy, the intentional fenestration of the cyst into the subarachnoid space, and then meticulously closing sellar floor using dural sutures. The postoperative images, CSF fistula rate, and the recurrence rate were favorable. Conclusion. We report this technique and discuss the benefit of this minimally invasive approach