Diversity of common bean in Jammu and Kashmir, India: a DIVAgeographic information system and cluster analysis

A total of 80 diverse germplasm accessions of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were collected from 31 different locations known for marginal and risk prone farming systems in remote and hilly areas of North-Western Indian Himalayan state of Jammu and Kashmir. The variability was observed in seed color, shape, size and 100- seed weight. Thirteen colors of bean seeds were represented in these 80 accessions with high predominance of red colored seeds. Cuboid, kidney and oval seed shapes observed were represented respectively in 61.25%, 25% and 13.75% of the accessions. There were significant variations in seed length, width and 100-seed weight being highly significant in the later case. All the three seed size classes (small, medium and large according to CIAT categorization) were represented in the collected accessions. 22.5% accessions have 100-seed weight less than 25g, 53.75% accessions have 100-seed weight between 25-40g while 100-seed weight of more than 40g was recorded in 23.75% of the accessions. Highly positive correlations were found between 100-seed weight and seed length and width and between seed length and seed width. The 80 accessions were grouped in three clusters at a coefficient level of 0.3 with largest cluster of 59 accessions followed by a medium cluster with 20 accessions and the least with a single accession. Grid maps generated through DIVA-GIS software indicated that diverse accessions of common bean in terms of seed size and weight can be sourced from the areas falling in Budgam, Shopian and Kulgam districts of the state. Conservation of this remarkable genetic diversity is recommended for future propagation, breeding and the investigation of the genetic relationships

Case Series of Post Covid-19 Vaccine Cervical Lymphadenopathy

Objective: The objective of this case series reporting is to add cervical lymphadenopathy as one of the side effects of the COVID-19 vaccine in the adult population presenting with neck swelling.Materials and Methods: This case series of twenty patients were collected at our facility over a period of six months, from March 2021 to the end of August 2021, with an age interval from 17 years to 52 years. The Post COVID Vaccine window to develop cervical lymphadenopathy was from the 3rd day till the 16th. All patients received their first dose of the COVID vaccine.Results: Out of all the patients, 16 were females and 4 were males. Six female and one male patient developed suppurative ipsilateral upper cervical lymphadenitis, which necessitated hospitalization and surgical intervention with incision and drainage, as well as IV medications.Five patients were admitted by internal medicine for workup and supportive care as they were having generalized symptoms, such as fever, chills, headache, myalgia, and inadequate oral intake. The OMFS department was called for evaluation and to rule out any oral infection. Four patients were diabetics with a mean HbA1C of 6.7% to 7.5%. All of these patients did not have any active dental or salivary gland infections.Eventually, all subjects fully recovered with no residual lymphadenopathy and were followed for a period of two weeks to two months, using ultrasound.Conclusion: Cervical Lymphadenopathy and suppurative lymphadenitis have become increasingly common in patients who received the COVID-19 vaccine. Therefore, it must be referenced for the differential diagnosis of neck swelling, especially during this time

How Audit Quality Affects Cash Holdings: Evidence from China

This is one the maiden studies that aim to reveal the association between audit quality and cash holdings among non-financial firms in the unique context of China, that is a major developing economy. Although previous studies have looked at the wider impact of governance systems on cash holdings decisions, there isn't much research on the precise connection between audit quality and company cash holdings—particularly in China's developing economies. This study, which has bases in agency, auditing, and cash theories, makes an assertion that stronger audit quality has tendency to discourage managers from hoarding extra cash holdings, thereby highlighting the significance of audit quality to be an instrument for monitoring. This study employs ordinary least squares (OLS) regression and fixed effects (FE) models to examine the effects of audit quality variables on cash holdings. This study uses the generalized method of moments (GMM) model for robustness. It employs a large sample dataset comprising 20203 observations of Chinese non-financial enterprises for the period of 2003-2016. This study confirms that audit quality works as a monitoring device and discourages unnecessary accumulation of Chinese firms' cash holdings. Audit quality dimensions, the Big4 auditors, audit fees, and the fear of receiving an unclean audit opinion work as regulating forces that stop managers' unnecessary holdings of cash reserves. This study contributes to governance systems and cash holdings in China. It is a maiden one to comprehensively employ audit quality as a corporate governance mechanism to assess how it affects cash holdings

Formal and Executable Specification of Random Waypoint Mobility Model Using Timed Coloured Petri Nets for WMN

The wireless mesh network (WMN) is an emerging and cost-effective alternative paradigm for the next generation wireless networks in many diverse applications. In the performance evaluation of routing protocol for the WMN, it is essential that it should be evaluated under realistic conditions. The usefulness of specific mobility protocol can be determined by selection of mobility model. This paper introduces a coloured Petri nets (CP-nets) based formal model for implementation, simulation, and analysis of most widely used random waypoint (RWP) mobility model for WMNs. The formal semantics of hierarchical timed CP-nets allow us to investigate the terminating behavior of the transitions using state space analysis techniques. The proposed implementation improves the RWP mobility model by removing the “border effect” and resolves the “speed decay” problem

Case Series of Post Covid-19 Vaccine Cervical Lymphadenopathy

Objective: The objective of this case series reporting is to add cervical lymphadenopathy as one of the side effects of the COVID-19 vaccine in the adult population presenting with neck swelling.Materials and Methods: This case series of twenty patients were collected at our facility over a period of six months, from March 2021 to the end of August 2021, with an age interval from 17 years to 52 years. The Post COVID Vaccine window to develop cervical lymphadenopathy was from the 3rd day till the 16th. All patients received their first dose of the COVID vaccine.Results: Out of all the patients, 16 were females and 4 were males. Six female and one male patient developed suppurative ipsilateral upper cervical lymphadenitis, which necessitated hospitalization and surgical intervention with incision and drainage, as well as IV medications.Five patients were admitted by internal medicine for workup and supportive care as they were having generalized symptoms, such as fever, chills, headache, myalgia, and inadequate oral intake. The OMFS department was called for evaluation and to rule out any oral infection. Four patients were diabetics with a mean HbA1C of 6.7% to 7.5%. All of these patients did not have any active dental or salivary gland infections.Eventually, all subjects fully recovered with no residual lymphadenopathy and were followed for a period of two weeks to two months, using ultrasound.Conclusion: Cervical Lymphadenopathy and suppurative lymphadenitis have become increasingly common in patients who received the COVID-19 vaccine. Therefore, it must be referenced for the differential diagnosis of neck swelling, especially during this time

Hyperparameters analysis of long short-term memory architecture for crop classification

Deep learning (DL) has seen a massive rise in popularity for remote sensing (RS) based applications over the past few years. However, the performance of DL algorithms is dependent on the optimization of various hyperparameters since the hyperparameters have a huge impact on the performance of deep neural networks. The impact of hyperparameters on the accuracy and reliability of DL models is a significant area for investigation. In this study, the grid Search algorithm is used for hyperparameters optimization of long short-term memory (LSTM) network for the RS-based classification. The hyperparameters considered for this study are, optimizer, activation function, batch size, and the number of LSTM layers. In this study, over 1,000 hyperparameter sets are evaluated and the result of all the sets are analyzed to see the effects of various combinations of hyperparameters as well the individual parameter effect on the performance of the LSTM model. The performance of the LSTM model is evaluated using the performance metric of minimum loss and average loss and it was found that classification can be highly affected by the choice of optimizer; however, other parameters such as the number of LSTM layers have less influence

Using Line x Tester Analysis for Earliness and Plant Height Traits in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

Line x tester analysis, involving four lines and four testers were made in sunflower for four parameters. The variance due to GCA and SCA showed that gene action was predominantly additive for days to first flowering (DFF), days to hundred percent flowering (DH%F) and plant height (PH), whereas predominance of non-additive genetic effect was discovered for days to maturity (DM). Both additive and non-additive genetic interaction was important for morpho-physiological characters in sunflower. The line TS-18 was the best general combiner for characters like DFF and PH, whereas line TS-17 was the best general combiner for DH%F and DM. The tester R-25 proved to be the best general combiner for DFF, DH%F and DM, whereas the tester 291RGI proved to be the best general combiner for PH. The SCA estimates were highest in cross TS-335 x TR-9 for DFF, TS-18 x R-25 for DH%F and DM. For PH, the best SCA cross was TS-18 x 291RGI. The best GCA parents as TS-17, TS-18, R-25 and 291RGI are recommended, which may be exploited for varietal improvement in different cross combination especially in synthetic production, whereas the three best SCA crosses are recommended  to be the best hybrids for cultivation and be included in the national uniformity yield trial for its exploration in multilocation. Additive type of gene action was observed for DFF, DH%F and PH. These characters may further be improved through simple selection method in early generation, whereas non-additive type of gene action was observed for DM, which is desirable for heterosis breeding and may be exploited in hybrid seed production