Criminal Liability by the Pharmaceutical Industry on the Use of Precursors for Illicit Narcotics in Indonesia: A Review

Purpose of the study: the aim of this study was to review the law enforcement regarding precursors for manufacturing narcotic drugs in Indonesia. Methodology: This study used normative legal research, which used the law as positive norms that regulates human life, it used several approaches, that were examined various rules of law as well as case approach. The data was collected through literature studies. Main Findings and Applications of this Study: In Indonesia, the highest regulation in the crime of narcotics is based on the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics. The aims of this regulation are to protect the public from precursor’s abuse to narcotics; preventing and eradicating illicit traffic of precursors of narcotics; as well as preventing leaks and irregularities. Novelty: The pharmaceutical industry as a legal entity has the possibility to conduct criminal action such as using precursor for illicit narcotic and if it is proved to be in violation, it will be punished. Furthermore, it requires integration by involving national, regional and international coordination to prevent this criminal liabilit

PENINGKATAN PERAN KOLABORASI PENTAHELIX DALAM UPAYA KESIAPSIAGAAN MENGENAI BENCANA MULTIHAZARD DI KABUPATEN BANYUWANGI

Natural disasters are disasters caused by natural events, such as earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, floods, droughts, hurricanes, and landslides. Geologically, Indonesia is included as a country that is prone to natural disasters. Banyuwangi Regency is one of the areas in Indonesia with a high threat of multi-hazard disasters. One way that can be done to maximize preparedness efforts is by collaboration between all related sectors, one of which can be implemented is the Pentahelix disaster collaboration. For this reason, a Community Service Program was held in Banyuwangi Regency to provide education and training on Pentahelix collaboration. As well as a deep understanding of each sector's role in the disaster. From this community service, the results were obtained in the form of improvement and an in-depth understanding of each sector's role in the disaster

Clinical and ultrasonography evaluation of thyroid tumor screening in symptomatic patient of Bajulmati primary care center, Banyuwangi, East Java, Indonesia

Abstract This study aims to assess the prevalence, clinical, and ultrasonography (US) in thyroid screening in healthy subjects with general symptoms of thyroid abnormality in low iodine intake in Bajulmati primary care center, East Java Indonesia. We retrospectively reviewed US thyroid examination of 74 subjects with symptoms of mass in the neck, shaky, sleep difficulties, over sweating, and chronic fatigue on September 15th, 2021. Following the WHO guidelines, subjects also underwent physical examination in which the result were classified into 3 categories, that is, no palpable nor visible goiter, palpable but no visible goiter, as well as palpable and visible goiter. We evaluate US thyroid characteristics following Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology guidelines. Image analysis was reviewed by 4 general radiologists with 2 to 13 years' experience. Categorical variables were compared using chi-squared or Fisher exact tests. Correlation between variables was measured with gamma statistics. Statistical analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics 23.0. A P-value < .05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. Of the 74 subjects, 32 (43.2%) show abnormalities. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences in the result of thyroid US in subjects with complaint fatigue (P = .464), insomnia (P = .777), over sweating (P = .158), and tremor (P = .778), but there were significant differences with the complaint of mass in the neck (P = .008). Furthermore, there was also a strong correlation between goiter palpation and US thyroid result (R = 0.773, P = .00). We conclude there were significant differences in US result of patients with and without complaint of mass in the neck. We also found a strong correlation between goiter palpation and US examination. Clinical findings, laboratory examination, cytology and molecular markers, patients' age, nodules size, and ultrasound features should be considered for the treatment planning