95 research outputs found
Pathobiological studies of Vibrio alginolyticus biofilm on the defense functions and disease resistance in Giant tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon)
The present study was undertaken to develop and evaluate the
biofIlm of Vibrio alginolyticus for oral immunostimulation in tiger shrimp,
Penaeus monodon.
Development of biofIlm of V. alginolyticus was standardized and
maximum bioftlm formation was achieved with 0.15 per cent TSB
supplemented with 2 per cent NaCI on 0 .3 per cent chitin flakes with
incubation for 3 d. The biofllm cell population was inversely related to
the planktonic cell population during the culture. The biofllm cells could
be inactivated at 800C and 10 per cent formalin while free cells at 600C
and 0.5 per cent formalin suggesting the resistant nature of bioftlm to
action by heat and chemicals.
In SDS-PAGE, biofllm cells showed an increased expression of 3
new proteirts and repression of 4 proteins compared to free cells.
Elevated values of the immune parameters with respect to total
haemocyte count, phenol oxidase activity, total haemolymph protein and
antibacterial activity were observed in shrimps exposed to 108 , 109 and
1010 cfu/g shrimp/ day bioftlm cells when compared to control shrimps.
The values were highest in 109 and 1010 cfu groups with no significant
difference between them. It was observed that 109 cfu/ g shrimp/day for
14 days was the optimum dose and time required to activate the immune
system of juvenile P. monodon
Vibrio ponticus, a new pathogen of cultured cobia
Most of the members of the family Vibrionaceae
are natural inhabitants of marine and estuarine
ecosystem and several of them are pathogens in
cultured aquatic organisms. Vibriosis caused by
some pathogenic Vibrio spp., can cause huge
mortality in marine fish culture systems.
Intermittent mortality with haemorrhagic lesions on
the fin, body surface, and head, exophthalmia
(Fig.1) and stopping of feeding activity were noticed
in cobia (25┬▒5 cm length; 17┬▒4 g weight) reared in
sea cages off Polem, Goa during June 2015. The
clinical signs lasted for a week with a total mortality
of 12%. Isolation of bacteria aseptically from liver
and kidney was done
Fish health monitoring, surveillance and management
Globally, aquaculture expansion and growth are targeted for increased intensification and commercialization
of fish production to maximise profits in low volume-high density mode. Global food fish production
from aquaculture reached 52.5 million tons in 2008, compared to 32.4 million tons in 2000. Like any other
farming sector, the likelihood of the occurrence of diseases increases as culture operations intensify and
expand involving diverse species and ecosystems. Thus, the aquaculture industry has been overwhelmed
with its share of diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, parasites, etc. Along with feed and seed, diseases are
also being considered as one of the factors influencing the profitability of farming since diseases are now
a primary constraint to the development and expansion of the culture of many aquatic species. Several
factors can be attributed to the present situation of disease problems in aquaculture: 1. increased
globalization of trade of live aquatic animals and their products; 2. the intensification of aquaculture
mediated through the translocation of broodstock, larvae, fry and fingerlings; 3. the development and
intensification of ornamental fish trade; 4. interactions between cultured and wild fish populations, especially
in cage farming in natural waters; 5. inadequate biosecurity measures; 6. Absence of vaccines for major
bacterial and viral diseases
Health management in mariculture for better production and income
Presently, the aquaculture development is towards increased intensification and
commercialization of fish production with an intention to maximise profits in low volumehigh density mode. The aquaculture industry has been overwhelmed with its share of diseases
caused by viruses, bacteria, parasites, etc. Along with feed and seed, diseases are also being
considered as one of the factors influencing the profitability of the farming since diseases are
now a primary constraint to the development and expansion of culture of many aquatic
species. Several factors can be attributed to the present situation of disease problems in
aquaculture: 1. increased globalization of trade of live aquatic animals and their products; 2.
the intensification of aquaculture mediated through the translocation of brood stock, larvae,
fry and fingerlings; 3. the development and intensification of ornamental fish trade; 4.
interactions between cultured and wild fish populations, especially in cage farming in natural
waters; 5. inadequate biosecurity measures; 6. Absence of vaccines for major bacterial and
viral diseases
Backyard Chicken Farming: For Income, Health and Happiness
Backyard Chicken Farming:
For Income, Health and Happines
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Common diseases in marine algae culture in Indi
Report on swimbladder disorder in the honeycomb grouper, Epinephelus merra
Swimbladder or airbladder is a thin layered
epithelial sac filled with air, lying above the alimentary
canal of bony fishes that regulates buoyancy of the fish
so that the specific gravity of the fish always matches
the depth at which it is swimming. Swimbladder disorder
(SBD) is a condition caused by sudden temperature
changes impacted stomach resulting from improper
feeding or due to bacterial or viral infections of the
bladder characterised by inability of the fish to keep a
normal upright position in water. Normally gold fishes
suffer from SBD due to their globoid body shape. Fish
with SBD may float on their side or their back, swim in
circles or take head-down posture
Diseases and their management in cage culture
The current trend in aquaculture development is towards
increased intensification and commercialization of aquatic
production. Like other farming sectors, the likelihood of major
disease problems occurring increases as aquaculture activities
intensify. Disease is now a primary constraint to the culture of
many aquatic species, impeding both economic and sociadevelopment in many countries. Addressing health questions
with both pro-active and reactive programmes has become a
primary requirement for sustaining aquaculture production and
product trade. It is reported that the principal diseases in cage
aquaculture of marine finfish and shellfish in Asia are caused by
environmental and management affects, nutritional causes, and
viral, bacterial, parasitic, and fungal pathogen
Nursery rearing of Asian Seabass
Lates calcarifer species is widely distributed in
the tropical and subtropical areas of the western Pacific and Indian
ocean including Australia, Southeast Asia, the Philippines and
countries bordering the Arabian sea. Seabass spend most of their
life in a lagoon which connects to the sea. They spend two to
three more years in estuarine areas until they mature, then migrate
to the sea water around the mouth of a river or lagoon for
spawning. Larvae and juveniles live in the sea grass bed in coastal
areas for about six months, attaining a size of about 2 to 5 inches.
The fish migrate to freshwater when they grow bigger
Open sea cage culture for marine finfish and shellfishes
Open sea cage culture for marine finfish and shellfishe
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