GRAIN YIELD STABILITY OF WINTER OAT (AVENA SATIVA L.) CULTIVARS IN THE CENTRAL ANATOLIAN REGION OF TURKEY

The objectives of this research were to assess genotype environment interaction and determine stable oat (Avena sativa L.) cultivars for grain yield in Central Anatolian Region of Turkey. Stability analysis [9] were to performed on results for grain yield of 5 oat cultivars (Chekota, Yesilkoy-1779, Yesilkoy-330, Faikbey-2004, Seydisehir-2004) from 24 trials (6 irrigated, 18 rain fed ) was conducted over 6 years in the Central Anatolian Region, Turkey. There was considerable variation in grain yield within and across environments. Year by location and location variability were dominant sources of interactions. The cultivar, “Seydisehir-2004” with respective regression coefficient value of 1.03, the smallest deviations from regressions (S2di) value and the highest grain yield could be considered the most widely adapted cultivar. The other test cultivars were sensitive to production-limiting factors, their wider adaptability, stability and general performance to the fluctuating growing conditions within and across environments being lowered

Acute cholangitis and pancreatitis caused by fasciola hepatica: a case report

Fasciola hepatica Türkiye'de endemik bir parazittir. Bu parazit genellikle sığır ve koyunlarda enfeksiyona yol açar. Ancak endemik bölgelerde insanlar, kontamine içme suyu ve sebze tüketimi nedeni ile bu parazit için tesadüfen konak olabilmektedir. Kronik Fasciola hepatica infeksiyonu biliyer obstrüksiyon ve inflamasyona neden olmaktadır. Aynı zamanda, biliyer fasciolosis asemptomatik de olabilir. Bu gibi olgularda teşhiste ERCP önemli rol oynar ve güvenle kullanılmaktadır. Özellikle endemik bölgelerde konvansiyonel yöntemlerle etkeni saptanamayan olgularda Fasciola hepatica gibi paraziter enfestasyonlar akla gelmelidir. Bu çalışmada, Fasiola hepatikanın sebep olduğu bilier obstrüksiyona sekonder tıkanma sarılığı ile başvuran 37 yaşında bayan hasta sunulmaktadır. Hasta bulantı, kusma, karın ağrısı ve sarılık şikayeti ile acil polikliniğine başvurdu. Akut kolonjit ve pankreatit tanısı konulan hastaya ERCP yapıldı. ERCP' nin başarılı olmaması üzerine ameliyata alınan hastaya kolesistektomi ve koledok eksplorasyonu yapıldı. Safra kesesi ve koledok içerisinden parazit çıkartılan hasta, postoperatif dönemde şifa ile taburcu edildi.become a host of this parasite by ingesting contaminated water and plants in endemic areas. Chronic Fasciola hepatica infestation is known to cause biliary obstruction and inflammation. Also, biliary fasciolosis may be asymptomatic. ERCP plays an important role in the diagnosis of the disease and can be used safely in these cases. Especially in cases that could not be diagnosed by conventional methods, parasitic infestations such as Fasciola hepatica should be kept in mind, in endemic areas. We report a case of a 37-year-old lady with obstructive jaundice secondary to biliary obstruction with Fasciola hepatica. Our patient admitted to the emergency unit with the compliants, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and jaundice. An ERCP recommended because of acute cholangeitis and pancreatitis. ERCP coluldn't performed effectively, so the case operated, and cholecystectomy and choledoc exploration performed. In the operation, the parasites removed from the gall bladder and common bile duct. Our patient discharged after hospital care postoperatively without any complication

Biomass as a selection criterion for drought tolerance in wheat

Biomass at early vegetative stage seems to be one of the promising characteristics useful for accelerating yield potential in wheat under the drought conditions. For this propose, landraces are considered as potential genetic resources for improving drought tolerance in wheat. A group of 90 drought tolerant wheat genotypes from Turkey, including 42 landraces, 30 registered cultivars and 18 breeding lines were tested in greenhouse under two moisture regimes, field capacity (FC) of 100 % (nonmoisture stress-NMS) and FC of 50 % (moisture stress-MS), respectively. Biomass was evaluated for genotypic responses to moisture regimes using seven drought tolerance indices (DTI): stress susceptibility index (SSI), mean biomass (MB), tolerance index (TOL), stress tolerance index (STI), geometric mean biomass (GMB), biomass index (BI) and biomass stability index (BSI). It was concluded that three DTIs, (MB, STI and GMP) could be used for selecting genotypes with high biomass and drought tolerant under the MS and NMS regimes, while one DTI (SSI) was suitable for detecting genotypes with high biomass under the MS regime. This study revealed that the majority of the landraces and registered cultivars, carrying landraces in their pedigrees, produced higher biomass than breeding lines under both moisture regimes. © 2016 University of Bucharest

Relationships between some spectral traits and grain yield in bread wheat under rainfed conditions

Developing varieties adapted to dry conditions is one of the biggest targets for breeders. It is important to use inexpensive spectral sensing methods saving time in variety development. The aim of this study was to select bread wheat genotypes having high grain yield by using spectral sensing methods. Twenty-five bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes were evaluated under rainfed condition at three locations in Central Anatolia Region. The experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design with three replications. Grain yield (GY), Canopy Temperature (CT), Soil Plant Analysis Development (SPAD) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values were recorded. GY, CT, SPAD and NDVI were found to be statistically significant in terms of both genotype and environment. The relationship between grain yield and NDVI (R2=0.321**) values was linear. The positive correlation of GY (0.5671**) and SPAD (0.1729*) with NDVI suggest that NDVI can be used as efficient and precise selection criteria for identifying high effiency wheat varieties under rainfed conditions

Evaluation of Yield and Quality Traits of Wheat Cultivars

This research was conducted to determine grain yield and some quality traits of 18 bread wheat varieties in dry conditions and location in the center of Konya in 2009-2010 growing seasons. Grain yield and some quality characteristics (protein content, zeleny sedimentation, gluten index, alveograph energy value, alveograph P/L, mixograph development time, mixograph peak height, and mixograph softening value and mixograph total area) were examined. According to the results including means ranged between; grain yield 331.85-749.05 kg/da, Protein content 12.62-15.23%, gluten index value of 41.81-98.19%, zeleny sedimentation value 27.00-51.50 ml, alveograph energy 59.70-235.43 10-4 Joules alveograph P/L 0.38 to 1.29, micsograph development time 1.44-4.95 min., mixograph peak height, 42.46-60.67%, mixograph right peak slope 10.13-45.52%, mixograph total area 239.12-322.28% Tq*dak, was found. The experiment has been found significant correlations between traits

İleri kademe bazı ekmeklik buğday (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotiplerinin yağışa dayalı şartlarda tane verimi ve bazı kalite parametreleri yönünden değerlendirilmesi

Bu araştırma, 2013-2014 yetiştirme döneminde ileri kademe bazı ekmeklik buğday genotiplerinin taneverimi ve bazı kalite parametrelerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Araştırma materyali; Bahri DağdaşUluslararası Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsünce yürütülen ıslah çalışmaları kapsamında bölge verimkademesinde yer alan 14 hat ve 6 standart çeşitten oluşmaktadır. Çalışma 9 çevrede (Konya, İçeriçumra,Gözlü, Koçaş, Karaman, İkizce, Malya, Eskişehir, Hamidiye) Tesadüf Blokları Deneme Deseninde 4 tekerrürlüolarak yürütülmüş, kalite parametreleri Konya ve İçeriçumra çevrelerinde 2 tekerrürlü olarak elde edilmiştir.Çalışmada tane verimi (kg/da), bintane ağırlığı (g), protein (%) ve Zeleny sedimentasyon (ml) özellikleriincelenmiştir. Çevre ortalamaları değerlendirildiğinde tane verimi bakımından en yüksek değer 383 kg/da ileMalya'dan, en düşük değer 114 kg/da ile Hamidiye'den elde edilmiştir. Çalışmadaki tüm genotipler 9 çevredetane verimi bakımından değerlendirildiğinde en yüksek değer 269 kg/da ile hat15'den elde edilirken en düşükdeğer 171 kg/da ile hat17'den elde edilmiştir. Denemede ele alınan kalite parametrelerinden bin dane ağırlığı27.4-38.2 g arasında, protein oranı %12.26-14.80 arasında ve Zeleny sedimentasyon 34.7-57.2 ml arasındadeğişim göstermiştir. İncelenen özellikler bakımından kontrol çeşitler ve diğer hatlardan daha üstün özellikgösteren 1 adet hat, aday çeşit olarak Tohumluk Tescil ve Sertifikasyon Merkez Müdürlüğüne başvurusuyapılmış ve tescil denemelerine aktarılmıştır.Research materials are consist of the scope of breeding studies by Bahri Dağdaş International AgriculturalResearch Institute's 14 lines and 6 varieties from Regional yield trial. Study carried out at 9 environment(Konya, İçericumra, Gözlü, Koçaş, Karaman, İkizce, Malya, Eskişehir & Hamidiye) with randomized blockpattern in 4 replications, quality parameters recieved from Konya & İçeriçumra environment with 2 replication.The study grain yield (kg/ha), thousand kernel weight (g), protein (%) and Zeleny sedimentation (mL)properties were investigated. The highest average grain yield in terms of environmental value as assessed383 kg / ha with the Malya; were the lowest, 114 kg / ha were obtained by the Hamidiye. With regard to grainyield in all 9 genotypes at the study highest value around 269 kg / ha from the line 15 while the lowest value171 kg / ha were obtained from the 17 line. The quality parameters of the experiment discussed in thousandgrain weight between 27.4-38.2 g, 12.26-14.80% protein content ranged between and Zeleny sedimentationbetween 34.7-57.2 mL. When the control varieties and the other lines one line showed superior characteristicsand we applied this line as a candidate to Variety Registration and Seed Certification Center and wastransferred to registration trials

Genetic gains in wheat in Turkey: Winter wheat for dryland conditions

Wheat breeders in Turkey have been developing new varieties since the 1920s, but few studies have evaluated the rates of genetic improvement. This study determined wheat genetic gains by evaluating 22 winter/facultative varieties released for rainfed conditions between 1931 and 2006. The study was conducted at three locations in Turkey during 2008â2012, with a total of 21 test sites. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with four replicates in 2008 and 2009 and three replicates in 2010â2012. Regression analysis was conducted to determine genetic progress over time. Mean yield across all 21 locations was 3.34 t haâ1, but varied from 1.11 t haâ1 to 6.02 t haâ1 and was highly affected by moisture stress. Annual genetic gain was 0.50% compared to Ak-702, or 0.30% compared to the first modern landmark varieties. The genetic gains in drought-affected sites were 0.75% compared to Ak-702 and 0.66% compared to the landmark varieties. Modern varieties had both improved yield potential and tolerance to moisture stress. Rht genes and rye translocations were largely absent in the varieties studied. The number of spikes per unit area decreased by 10% over the study period, but grains spikeâ1 and 1000-kernel weight increased by 10%. There were no significant increases in harvest index, grain size, or spike fertility, and no significant decrease in quality over time. Future use of Rht genes and rye translocations in breeding programs may increase yield under rainfed conditions. Keywords: Genetic gain, Rainfed wheat production, Winter wheat, Yiel