DIPL 6004 Peacemaking and Peacekeeping

This course examines theories and research concerning the nature and causes of conflict at both the domestic and international levels, as well as methods for avoiding, managing or resolving such conflicts. It surveys theoretical frameworks from different disciplines. It would ground students the basic concepts of conflict resolution and skills of diagnosing social conflict. A second portion of the class focuses on the practice of conflict resolution and the connection between conflict analysis and intervention. This course will include a blend of lectures, class discussions, individual and group exercises, and simulation role plays

An aqueous-two phase extraction system for partitioning of anthocyanins from red cabbage

Due to their aesthetic value and positive health effects, anthocyanins as natural colorants have become very attractive in recent years. There is a need to develop simple and effective methods for the separation and purification of these natural pigments. An aqueous two-phase extraction (ATPE) system based on ethanol/ammonium sulfate is employed for the extraction and preliminary purification of anthocyanins from red cabbage. The influence of ethanol, ammonium sulfate, red cabbage amount and pH on the extraction of anthocyanins is investigated. The optimal extraction conditions (27% (v/v) ethanol, 22% (v/v) ammonium sulfate, 2.5% (v/v) anthocaynin extract, and pH 3.0) gave 83.7% of extraction yield for anthocyanins. The flavonoids and phenolics are concentrated at the top phase of ATPE with a yield of 78% and 82.5%, respectively. The sugars also partitioned and concentrated at the bottom phase with a yield of 79.5%. The stability studies showed that anthocyanins are very stable between the temperature range of 40−70 °C and the pH range of 3.0−6.0, respectively. At a temperature of 70 °C and at pH 6.0 nearly more than 70% of anthocyanin yield is obtained. The results indicated that ATPE technique have a great promise for the efficient recovery of anthocyanins and also removing of the impurities such as sugars

Comparison of Self-reported and Measured Height, Weight and BMI in Turkish University Students

Accuracy and validity of self-reported height and weight, and body image satisfaction have not been yet evaluated particularly in young adult population in Turkey. The aim of the study was to establish the differences between self-reported and measured height and weight, and body mass index (BMI). The study was conducted on 617 university students (304 males and 313 females) aged 17–30 years from Ankara and Sivas, Turkey. Height and weight were measured and obtained by a questionnaire. From both measured and self-reported values for accuracy absolute differences were calculated. BMI was calculated from both self-reported and m

Infrahyoid Flap, a Convenient Alternative for Reconstruction of Tongue and Floor of Mouth Defects: Case Series

Objective: The aim of this study was to share our clinical experience with the neurovascular myofasiocutan infrahyoid flap (NMIHF), which was used for the reconstruction of the defects after oral cavity cancer surgery.Methods: Records of five patients who were diagnosed with oral cavity cancer and underwent tumor resection, neck dissection, and defect reconstruction with NMIHF between 2012 and 2017 were analyzed retrospectively.Results: The infrahyoid flap was used in five patients: four males and one female. The mean age of patients was 61.8 years. Four patients underwent tumor resection and bilateral level I-III neck dissection, whereas one patient underwent tumor resection and unilateral level I-III neck dissection. NMIHF was used for the reconstruction of the defects during the same procedure in all the patients. Mean post-operative follow-up was 30.6 months. Partial skin necrosis was observed in two patients, but none of the patients showed total necrosis of the flap. Postoperatively, oral intake was initiated after an average of 12 days in all patients. For two patients who required post-operative radiotherapy (RT), the treatment was started after an average of 50 days.Conclusion: NMIHF does not prolong operation time and does not cause additional scar in the neck, and the defect in the donor field can be closed without the use of a graft or flap. This is considered to be a reliable and successful alternative to free flaps for the reconstruction of oral cavity defects

Kinetic properties of alphaalpha-D-galactosidase from watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris)

The kinetic properties of $\alpha$-D-galactosidase purified from watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris) were studied. Kinetic parameters were determined by using raffinose and p-nitrophenyl-$\alpha$-D-galactopyranoside as natural and synthetic substrates, respectively. The Km and Vmax values were 9.1x$10^{-1}$ mM and 7.14x$10^{-2}$ p.rnolmin-1 for p-nitrophenyl-$\alpha$-D-galactopyranoside and 7.1x$10^{-2}$ mM and 2.9x$10^{-3}$ $\mu molmin^{-1}$ for raffinose. The inhibition kinetics of D-galactose on the enzyme was also investigated. The type of inhibition caused by D-galactose was found as competitive.Karpuzdan (Citrullus vulgaris) saflaştırılan $\alpha$-D-galaktosidazın kinetik özellikleri incelendi. Kinetik parametreler, doğal ve sentetik substrat olarak rafinoz ve p-nitrofenil-$\alpha$-D-galaktopiranozid kullanılarak belirlendi. $K_m$ ve $V_ {max}$ değerleri sırasıyla p-nitrofenil-$\alpha$-D-galaktopiranozid için 9,1x$10^{-1}$ mM ve 7,14x$10^{-2}$ $\mu molmin^{-1}$ ve rafinoz için 7,1x$10^{-2}$ ve 2,9x$10^{-3}$ $\mu molmin^{-1}$ olarak hesaplandı. Ayrıca D-galaktozun enzim üzerine olan inhibisyon kinetikleri araştırıldı. D-galaktozun neden olduğu inhibisyon tipi kompetitif olarak bulundu