Teacher perceptions of gender bias in education and recommendations for teacher training

Includes bibliographical references

Empowering Ethical Practice: Activities for Access Services

The library profession is guided by a Code of Ethics which explains our values, including privacy, copyright and fair use, equal access, stewardship, and integrity. We continue to serve our publics and garner good will because libraries are perceived as institutions operating in an ethical manner. The Clark Library, University of Portland, desired to empower its staff with a deepened understanding of library ethics. The Access Services Unit, composed of Circulation, Interlibrary Loan, Course Reserves, Reference, Instruction, and a Digital Lab, implemented four activities to intentionally focus on ethics as applied to the day-to-day work of each unit

Characterizing Cold Giant Planets in Reflected Light: Lessons from 50 Years of Outer Solar System Exploration and Observation

A space based coronagraph, whether as part of the WFIRST/AFTA mission or on a dedicated space telescope such as Exo-C or -S, will be able to obtain photometry and spectra of multiple gas giant planets around nearby stars, including many known from radial velocity detections. Such observations will constrain the masses, atmospheric compositions, clouds, and photochemistry of these worlds. Giant planet albedo models, such as those of Cahoy et al. (2010) and Lewis et al. (this meeting), will be crucial for mission planning and interpreting the data. However it is equally important that insights gleaned from decades of solar system imaging and spectroscopy of giant planets be leveraged to optimize both instrument design and data interpretation. To illustrate these points we will draw on examples from solar system observations, by both HST and ground based telescopes, as well as by Voyager, Galileo, and Cassini, to demonstrate the importance clouds, photochemical hazes, and various molecular absorbers play in sculpting the light scattered by solar system giant planets. We will demonstrate how measurements of the relative depths of multiple methane absorption bands of varying strengths have been key to disentangling the competing effects of gas column abundances, variations in cloud height and opacity, and scattering by high altitude photochemical hazes. We will highlight both the successes, such as the accurate remote determination of the atmospheric methane abundance of Jupiter, and a few failures from these types of observations. These lessons provide insights into technical issues facing spacecraft designers, from the selection of the most valuable camera filters to carry to the required capabilities of the flight spectrometer, as well as mission design questions such as choosing the most favorable phase angles for atmospheric characterization

How Traits of Emotional Intelligence Affect Perceived Stress in Entry-Level Doctor of Occupational Therapy Students

Purpose: Students in an entry-level Doctor of Occupational Therapy (OTD) programs are subject to high levels of stress and emotional burnout. Effective management of stress impacts life satisfaction and academic performance. Emotional intelligence (EI) has been shown to relate to lower stress levels in allied health students. Despite this, little has been done to investigate the emotional demands of an occupational therapy education. Methods: Participants were a convenience sample of 51 entry-level Doctor of Occupational Therapy Students recruited from the Southwest and Midwest cohorts of an OTD program. The participants were surveyed approximately 30 days after beginning their semester curriculum. Participants included 43 females and 8 males (n=51) with an age range of 21-36 years old. The sample was composed of 18 first-year (OT1) students, 17 second-year (OT2), and 16 third-year (OT3) students. A cross-sectional survey design was used, and the Assessing Emotions Scale and the Perceived Stress Scale questionnaires were both used to gather self-reported data regarding emotional intelligence and perceived stress. Emotional intelligence was correlated with perceived stress scores using the Spearman Rho analysis on SPSS program 25. Additionally, Kruskal Wallis analysis was used to determine if PSS and EI scores were significantly related to the year in the program. Mann Whitney U analysis was used to determine if PSS and EI scores were significantly related to gender. Results: A significant moderate negative correlation was found in this sample between emotional intelligence and perceived stress (rs= -0.391 with p= 0.005). There were no other significant relationships between variables. Conclusion: These findings have applications for developing educational programming and curriculum that may help equip Doctor of Occupational Therapy Students with the skills they need to thrive in their future profession. Additionally, opportunities exist for OTD students to increase EI and improve stress management levels and improve overall wellness

Chaos and the Microcosm: Literary Ecology in the Nineteenth-Century

This dissertation investigates literary responses to environmental change in nineteenth-century England. Two tropes, chaos in narrative and the microcosm in lyric poetry, suggest how literary works may have been precursors of ecological science. I argue that literary epistemology in the long nineteenth-century developed precocious theories of the way nature operates based on contingent narrative and microcosm systems. These ideas were adopted as empirical strategies once scientific ecology emerged in the twentieth-century, and both tropes are prominent in twenty-first century ecological science. Ecology appeared late among scientific disciplines partly because it relies on cooperation between reduction and holism: climate change theory, for example, uses microcosm models to develop narratives of environmental contingency. Five chapters consider these two tropes from historical, literary, and scientific perspectives. The first chapter is a historical introduction to nineteenth-century science that traces the development of environmental awareness from industrial pollution and early studies of nature in microcosm, especially in the work of Charles Darwin and Stephen Forbes. Chapter two investigates four narratives of environmental chaos spanning the long nineteenth-century: Gilbert White, Mary Shelley, Richard Jefferies and H.G. Wells emplot the radical new notion of a post-apocalypse environment in narratives that rely on chaotic discontinuity, rather than the coherent gradualism that marked evolutionary theories of the time. Chapter three examines microcosmic imagery in the work of several important poets, including William and Dorothy Wordsworth, John Clare, Percy Shelley, and Matthew Arnold. I argue that the imagination and close observation of nineteenth-century poets helped the nascent sciences conceive of ways to simplify nature without dismembering its complex structures. Chapter four, devoted to the ecological thinking of John Keats, traces his abandonment of teleological narrative in Hyperion in preference for the microcosmic Odes. Finally, chapter five reconciles the two tropes with an excursion into modern ecosystem science, paying particular attention to our contemporary strategies for investigating climate change. This chapter serves as a summation of the dissertation by complicating the dichotomy between chaotic narrative and model-microcosm, and it brings the study into concerns of the present day

Encouraging effects of a short-term, adapted Nordic diet intervention on skin microvascular function and skin oxygen tension in younger and older adults

Objective: Microvascular benefits of regional diets are appearing in the literature however little is known about Nordic-type diets. We investigated the effects of short-term adapted Nordic diet on microvascular function in younger and older individuals at rest and during activity. Research Method & Procedures: Thirteen young [Mean: 28, SD: (5)] and fifteen older participants [Mean: 68, SD: (6)] consumed a modified Nordic diet for four weeks. Laser Doppler Flowmetry and Transcutaneous oxygen monitoring assessed cutaneous microvascular function and oxygen tension pre and post-intervention; blood pressure, body mass, body-fat%, ratings of perceived exertion and peak heart rate during activity were examined concurrently. Results: Axon-mediated vasodilation improved in older participants [1.17 (0.30) to 1.30 (0.30); P < 0.05]. Improvements in endothelium-dependent vasodilation were noted in young [1.67 (0.50) to 2.03 (0.62); P < 0.05] and older participants [1.49 (0.37) to 1.63 (0.39); P < 0.05]. Reduced peak heart rate during activity was noted in older participants only [36.5(8.9) to 35.3(8.5); P < 0.05] and reduced body-fat % in young participants only [young = 27.2 (8.3) to 25.2 (8.8); P < 0.05]. No other variables reached statistical significance however trends were observed. Conclusions: We observed statistically-significant improvements in microvascular function, peak heart rate and body composition. Following an adapted Nordic diet might improve microvascular health. Keywords Nordic Diet; Laser Doppler Flowmetry; Oxygen Tensio

Profound Leadership: An Integrative Literature Review

This integrative literature review develops the concept of profound leadership. Using Torraco’s (2005, 2016) framework for integrative literature reviews as a foundation, the purpose of this study is threefold: (a) to review existing leadership theories fitting the profound learning framework (Kroth, 2016; Name deleted to maintain the integrity of the review process; Name deleted to maintain the integrity of the review process); (b) to examine the leadership theory definitions, characteristics, and dependent variables; and (c) to apply the outcomes of (a) and (b) to build the theory of profound leadership and make recommendations for future theory-building. Leadership as a general concept has been extensively explored, researched, and written about, developing a rich palette of explanatory theories. Profound leadership, on the other hand, is an emerging concept to elaborate through this integrative review of literature of specific leadership theories resonating with profound learning