190 research outputs found

    Comparative research on parking policies in European cities from 2004 to 2014

    Get PDF
    Veröffentlichung im Rahmen des European Parking Association Congress 2015, Berlin

    Analysis of traffic conflicts at big intersection types in urban areas

    Get PDF
    In the past decades, planners developed intersections for the caroriented city. Above all, they should handle motor vehicle traffic efficiently. Urban areas currently have a high proportion of private cars and, as a result, congestion and high CO2 emissions. At the same time, the importance of and demand for sustainable mobility is increasing. Pedestrians and cyclists are particularly vulnerable as the weakest road users. The goal of transport policy is to achieve “Vision Zero,” i.e., no serious injuries or fatalities in road traffic (Federal Ministry of Digital Affairs and Transport, 2022). Many accidents occur primarily at intersections and junctions. Road traffic authorities in Germany generally use accident data from the accident atlas as the basis for evaluating the road safety of intersections. Planners can improve traffic safety by avoiding critical situations. To this end, an intensive study of the development of conflicts as a precursor to accidents can provide further insights. The research in this project shows that such data on traffic conflicts are not available to road authorities. The project will investigate which and how many conflicts between pedestrian, bicycle, and motor vehicle traffic frequently occur at individual intersection types, such as signalized intersections or traffic circles. The initial goal of the project is to develop a survey concept. In the future, planners should be able to use this to quickly identify risks to pedestrian and bicycle traffic at the types of intersections studied. With the help of vehicle sensor data (e.g. from emergency brake assistants), further findings on the frequency and course of conflicts are to be derived. In addition, a methodology would be developed that will enable traffic planners and municipalities to carry out risk management for intersections in the future in order to improve traffic safety and promote local mobility. From the results of the conflict analysis, we will derive recommendations for transport planning and policy. An action guide will then present the recommendations. The end of the project will be in summer 2024

    EWV-FRM - Emissionsarme Wirtschaftsverkehre in FrankfurtRheinMain : E-Lieferzonen

    Get PDF
    Abschlussbericht des Forschungsprojekts ĂŒber emissionsarme Wirtschaftsverkehre in der Metropolregion Frankfurt/Rhein-Main

    Examining assumptions regarding valid electronic monitoring of medication therapy: development of a validation framework and its application on a European sample of kidney transplant patients

    Get PDF
    BACKGROUND: Electronic monitoring (EM) is used increasingly to measure medication non-adherence. Unbiased EM assessment requires fulfillment of assumptions. The purpose of this study was to determine assumptions needed for internal and external validity of EM measurement. To test internal validity, we examined if (1) EM equipment functioned correctly, (2) if all EM bottle openings corresponded to actual drug intake, and (3) if EM did not influence a patient's normal adherence behavior. To assess external validity, we examined if there were indications that using EM affected the sample representativeness. METHODS: We used data from the Supporting Medication Adherence in Renal Transplantation (SMART) study, which included 250 adult renal transplant patients whose adherence to immunosuppressive drugs was measured during 3 months with the Medication Event Monitoring System (MEMS). Internal validity was determined by assessing the prevalence of nonfunctioning EM systems, the prevalence of patient-reported discrepancies between cap openings and actual intakes (using contemporaneous notes and interview at the end of the study), and by exploring whether adherence was initially uncharacteristically high and decreased over time (an indication of a possible EM intervention effect). Sample representativeness was examined by screening for differences between participants and non-participants or drop outs on non-adherence. RESULTS: Our analysis revealed that some assumptions were not fulfilled: 1) one cap malfunctioned (0.4%), 2) self-reported mismatches between bottle openings and actual drug intake occurred in 62% of the patients (n = 155), and 3) adherence decreased over the first 5 weeks of the monitoring, indicating that EM had a waning intervention effect. CONCLUSION: The validity assumptions presented in this article should be checked in future studies using EM as a measure of medication non-adherence
    • 

    corecore