Compact Broadband Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna

In this paper, using two or more U-slots which are mutually coupled, we are further able to extend the bandwidth achievable by single U-slot. Our Proposed design on 1.6 mm high FR4 substrate is 69 mm X 62 mm (L X W) in size which is vary compact, low profile and conformable. We have chosen licence free band from 7.6 GHz to 9.2 GHz which has not yet been targeted by any commercial product till now. We expect major wave of wireless product for Biomedical, Industrial, Defence and IOT applications in this frequency band in years to come. Our design achieves 1.6 GHz (20%) bandwidth around 8.3 GHz with fairly good gain achievable in low profile substrate. In our design we have introduce Microstrip ring to improve directivity of a antenna. The measured and simulated response shows close agreement thus validating our design

Solar Photovoltaic panels utilization to extract clean and green energy for utility application using PVsyst software: A Bibliometric Review

This paper presents a survey on educational documents in the field of solar photovoltaic (PV) utilization to extract clean and green energy. The main purpose of this bibliometric analysis is to understand the size of the available documents for the research of PV solar panel utilization using PVsyst. This detailed review was conducted in the PV research, literature considering all subjects from the Scopus database. The pattern for the specific arrangement of keywords was separated with the recovered results from the Scopus database, publication type, year of publication, distribution conveyance by nations, subject classes, association, authors, and financing organizations. It was discovered from the close examination that mainly conferences, articles, and review papers from the United States of America, India, and Spain have significant contributions in publication. The time series dataset started in 1999 till date. Major contributions are from the branches of Engineering and Energy, Material Science, Physics, and Astronomy

Solar Photovoltaic Performance Monitoring: A Bibliometric Review, Research Gaps and Opportunities

Electrical power generation has been revolutionized by growing demand and use of Renewable Energy (RE) sources such as Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) as the main electricity source in modern times. The main objective of this bibliometric analysis is to understand the scope of the literature available for SPV performance characterization. This detailed reviewed was performed on the documents related to SPV research considering all the subject categories from Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases. The patterns for the particular set of keywords were broke down with the recuperated outcomes from Scopus database in the language, publication type, year of publication, distribution conveyance by nations, subject classes, association, authors, financing organizations, and patents filed. The articles on SPV characterization revealed a remarkable improvement which gains importance of review paper in this research area. This research study reports some significant research gaps and shows future perspectives for research in this field

Capacitive Load-Based Smart OTF for High Power Rated SPV Module

Solar energy is the most promising renewable resource with an unbounded energy source, capable of meeting all human energy requirements. Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) is an effective approach to convert sunlight into electricity, and it has a promising future with consistently rising energy demand. In this work, we propose a smart solution of outdoor performance characterization of the SPV module utilizing a robust, lightweight, portable, and economical Outdoor Test Facility (OTF) with the Internet of Things (IoT) capability. This approach is focused on the capacitive load-based method, which offers improved accuracy and cost-effective data logging using Raspberry Pi and enables the OTF to sweep during the characterization of the SPV module automatically. A demonstration using an experimental setup is also provided in the paper to validate the proposed OTF. This paper further discusses the advantages of using the capacitive load approach over the resistive load approach. IoT’s inherent benefits empower the proposed OTF method on the backgrounds of real-time tracking, data acquisition, and analysis for outdoor output performance characterization by capturing Current–Voltage (I–V) and Power–Voltage (P–V) curves of the SPV module

Internet of Things (IoT) based outdoor performance characterisation of solar photovoltaic module

Outdoor performance characterisation of the Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) module is essential to while designing and commissioning a new SPV power plant. The health of SPV plant is monitored using a conventional method which underutilises the workforce and resources used for Operation and Maintenance (O&M) of the SPV power plant. Outdoor performance characterisation of SPV module using reliable, compact, portable, and economical Current-Voltage (I-V) curve tracer having IoT capability and auto sweep capability is presented in this paper. The capacitive load method is used for I-V curve sweep, and the result is compared with the resistive load method. In this paper, the advantages of using a capacitive load method over resistive load method are observed and experimentally validated. The ease of using IoT feature makes this proposed I-V Curve Tracer (IVCT) device more reliable to trace Current-Voltage (I-V) curve and Power-Voltage (P-V) curve for outdoor performance characterisation of SPV module

Solar photovoltaic module performance characterisation using single diode modeling

Single or double diode electrical modeling of SPV module gives valuable results which will help to identify the exact behavior of SPV module under the normal operating condition. Accurate modelling of SPV module will also help to calculate internal resistances (Rs, Rsh) and parasitic of the SPV module. The main contribution of this work is the stepwise simplification of the current equation of single and double diode electrical model of SPV module. Then the single diode model of SPV module having 36 SPV cells in series is simulated in LTspice simulator. Simulated results are compared with labelled electrical parameters which shows close proximity to the labelled parameter at particular values of series and shunt resistance. This paper also presents the effect of variation in series resistance (Rs) and shunt resistance (Rsh) on the performance of the SPV module under normal operating condition. The dependency of SPV electrical parameters (Imax, Vmax, Pmax, FF, η) with the variation of series resistance (Rs) and shunt resistance (Rsh) is simulated, and the effects are discussed in details

A Bibliometric Review of characterization of outdoor solar PV panel for shading and validation by PV emulator

Many researchers and experts have begun to work in Renewable Energy (RE) Research and Development (R&D) as an interdisciplinary area ineluctable solution to lower the use of conventional power generation or non-renewable resources. Solar photovoltaic energy has gained a lot of recognition as one of the best green alternatives. However, its firm reliance on environmental and climatic conditions makes it difficult for researchers to conduct experiments at the operational temperature (T) and Solar insolation level (G). These solar PV panels with a controllable light source are inefficient, unreliable, and unsuitable for testing PV algorithms such as Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT), microgrids, and energy storage mechanisms. PV array emulators have been developed to address these issues and effectively replace actual solar PV modules in laboratory tests by generating identical PV characteristics and simulating the electrical behavior of PV sources such as maximum power point monitoring (MPPT). Simulating PV arrays under partial shading conditions and PV modules under various climatic conditions has become a significant study area, primarily to validate PV emulator

Extraction and Performance Analysis of Hydrocarbons from Waste Plastic Using the Pyrolysis Process

Ecosystem destruction is one of today’s significant challenges due to fast industrialisation and an increasing population. It takes several years for solid trash, such as plastic bottles and super-market bags, to decompose in nature. In addition, plastic disposal techniques such as landfilling, reuse, and incineration pose significant threats to human health and the environment. In this paper, we investigated whether the impact of mixing biodiesel with waste oil from recycled plastic on the resulting fuel mixture’s yields better physical and chemical properties. Consequently, pyrolysis is one of the most advantageous and practical waste disposal methods as it is both environmentally benign and efficient. Pyrolysis is the high-temperature thermal breakdown of solid waste to produce pyrolytic oil. The pyrolytic (plastic) oil produced is converted to a hydrocarbon-rich pyrolytic fuel. Similar to diesel and gasoline, pyrolytic fuel has the same calorific value. Internal combustion engines may operate on pyrolytic fuel without suffering a performance reduction. Researchers examined engine performance and exhaust pollutants. The research discovered that the engine could operate on plastic pyrolysis fuel at full load, enhance brake thermal efficiency by 6–8%, and lower UBHC and CO emissions; however, nitrous oxide (NOx) emissions were noticeably higher. The findings demonstrated the possibility of using plastic pyrolysis fuel as a diesel substitute

Extraction and Performance Analysis of Hydrocarbons from Waste Plastic Using the Pyrolysis Process

Ecosystem destruction is one of today’s significant challenges due to fast industrialisation and an increasing population. It takes several years for solid trash, such as plastic bottles and super-market bags, to decompose in nature. In addition, plastic disposal techniques such as landfilling, reuse, and incineration pose significant threats to human health and the environment. In this paper, we investigated whether the impact of mixing biodiesel with waste oil from recycled plastic on the resulting fuel mixture’s yields better physical and chemical properties. Consequently, pyrolysis is one of the most advantageous and practical waste disposal methods as it is both environmentally benign and efficient. Pyrolysis is the high-temperature thermal breakdown of solid waste to produce pyrolytic oil. The pyrolytic (plastic) oil produced is converted to a hydrocarbon-rich pyrolytic fuel. Similar to diesel and gasoline, pyrolytic fuel has the same calorific value. Internal combustion engines may operate on pyrolytic fuel without suffering a performance reduction. Researchers examined engine performance and exhaust pollutants. The research discovered that the engine could operate on plastic pyrolysis fuel at full load, enhance brake thermal efficiency by 6–8%, and lower UBHC and CO emissions; however, nitrous oxide (NOx) emissions were noticeably higher. The findings demonstrated the possibility of using plastic pyrolysis fuel as a diesel substitute

Capacitive load-based smart OTF for high power rated SPV module

Solar energy is the most promising renewable resource with an unbounded energy source, capable of meeting all human energy requirements. Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) is an effective approach to convert sunlight into electricity, and it has a promising future with consistently rising energy demand. In this work, we propose a smart solution of outdoor performance characterization of the SPV module utilizing a robust, lightweight, portable, and economical Outdoor Test Facility (OTF) with the Internet of Things (IoT) capability. This approach is focused on the capacitive load-based method, which offers improved accuracy and cost-effective data logging using Raspberry Pi and enables the OTF to sweep during the characterization of the SPV module automatically. A demonstration using an experimental setup is also provided in the paper to validate the proposed OTF. This paper further discusses the advantages of using the capacitive load approach over the resistive load approach. IoT's inherent benefits empower the proposed OTF method on the backgrounds of real-time tracking, data acquisition, and analysis for outdoor output performance characterization by capturing Current-Voltage (I-V) and Power-Voltage (P-V) curves of the SPV module.Web of Science143art. no. 78