Uji Aktivitas Imunostimulator Fraksi Etil Asetat Ekstrak Etanol Kelopak Bunga Rosella (Hibiscus Sabdariffa L.) Terhadap Proliferasi Sel Limfosit Mencit Galur Swiss Secara in Vitro Beserta Identifikasi Kandungan Senyawa Kimianya

Immunostimulatory agent has an important role in the treatment of infectious disease caused by pathogen. Roselle calyx (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) used by community as a health drink to enhance body\u27s immune system. The aims of this research was to know immunostimulatory activity of ethyl acetate fraction of ethanolic extract of roselle calyx on lymphocyte cell proliferation Swiss strain mice and to identified the chemical compounds of the fraction. Roselle calyx was extracted by maceration method using ethanol 96% as a solvent. The ethanolic extract was partitioned gradually by n-hexan and ethyl acetate. Series of ethyl acetate fraction were made to concentration 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 400 μg/mL and positive control PHA 10 μg/mL for tested to lymphocyte cell culture. Immunostimulatory activity test was done according to MTT Assay method. Lymphocyte proliferation activity was analyzed statistically to the value of Optical Density (OD) result of the Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) reader using Kruskal Wallis Test continued by Mann Whitney Test (p<0,05). Identification of the contents phenolic compounds and flavonoids performed by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). The result of the research showed that ethyl acetate fraction had lymphocyte cell proliferation activity at the concentration of 50, 100, 200, and 400 μg/mL. The ethyl acetate fraction of roselle calyx contained phenolic compounds and flavonoids

Pengaruh Infusa Wortel (Daucus Carota L.) Terhadap Histopatologi Ginjal Tikus Jantan Yang Diinduksi Uranium

Ginjal merupakan organ vital yang berperan sangat penting dalam mempertahankan kestabilan lingkungan dalam tubuh dengan fungsi utama yaitu filtrasi oleh glomerulus, reabsorbsi dan sekresi tubulus. Kerusakan sel ginjal sampai kematian sel akan menyebabkan fungsi ginjal terganggu. Efek paparan senyawa radioaktif salah satunya dapat menyebabkan terjadinya gangguan sel-sel ginjal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh infusa wortel (Daucus carota L.) dalam mencegah gangguan sel ginjal akibat paparan uranium. Uji proteksi dilakukan dengan membagi 30 tikus jantan dewasa menjadi enam kelompok masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 5 ekor. Kelompok I tanpa diberi perlakuan, kelompok II diberi uranium 8 ppm dosis 0,01 mL/g BB sebagai kontrol negatif, kelompok III sebagai kontrol positif dengan vitamin C 200 mg/70 kg BB yang diberikan 15 menit sebelum pemajanan uranium, kelompok IV,V, dan VI sebagai kelompok uji proteksi kerusakan sel ginjal diberi infusa wortel (Daucus carota L.) berturut-turut 10%, 20%, 30% dengan dosis 0,01 mL/g BB 15 menit sebelum diberi uranium 8 ppm dosis 0,01 mL/g BB. Lima hari kemudian hewan dikorbankan dan diambil organ ginjalnya untuk dilakukan pemeriksaan makroskopis dan mikroskopis berupa pengamatan kondisi fisik organ ginjal, pengamatan terhadap nekrosis sel ginjal, dan skoring tipe kerusakan untuk menganalisis efek proteksinya. Hasil pemeriksaan histopatologi menyimpulkan bahwa infusa wortel dapat mengurangi kerusakan sel ginjal akibat paparan senyawa radioaktif uranium.Kidney is the vital organ which has an importance role in maintaining environmental stability of the body, with the main functions are glomerulus filtration, reabsorption and secretion by tubulus. The damage of kidney cells will reduce kidney function. If a kidney is exposed to radioactive substance it could deteriorate the kidney. The aim of this research was to find out the effect of carrot infusion used to prevent kidney cells disorder due to uranium exposure. Thirty rats wistar strain divided into 5 groups were used in this study, comprising of 5 rats in each groups throughout the experiment. Group I was a normal control group. Group II was given uranium of 8 ppm 0,01 mL/g BW as negative control group. Group III was given vitamin C of 200 mg/70 kgBW 15 minute prior to uranium exposure. Group IV-VI were given carrot infusion at 10%, 20%, 30% dose of 0,01 mL/g BW 15 minutes prior to uranium exposure. The rats were sacrificed in day-5, to observe the kidneys damage upon macroscopy and microscopy examination, involving physical condition of the kidney, necrosis of kidney cells and scoring the damage of kidney cells. The microscopic examination toward necrosis of kidney cells showed that carrot infusion can reduce cell damage due to radioactive compound of uranium

Uji Aktivitas Imunostimulator Fraksi Etil Asetat Ekstrak Etanol Kelopak Bunga Rosella (Hibiscus Sabdariffa L.) Terhadap Proliferasi Sel Limfosit Mencit Galur Swiss Secara in Vitro Beserta Identifikasi Kandungan Senyawa Kimianya

Immunostimulatory agent has an important role in the treatment of infectious disease caused by pathogen. Roselle calyx (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) used by community as a health drink to enhance body's immune system. The aims of this research was to know immunostimulatory activity of ethyl acetate fraction of ethanolic extract of roselle calyx on lymphocyte cell proliferation Swiss strain mice and to identified the chemical compounds of the fraction. Roselle calyx was extracted by maceration method using ethanol 96% as a solvent. The ethanolic extract was partitioned gradually by n-hexan and ethyl acetate. Series of ethyl acetate fraction were made to concentration 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 400 μg/mL and positive control PHA 10 μg/mL for tested to lymphocyte cell culture. Immunostimulatory activity test was done according to MTT Assay method. Lymphocyte proliferation activity was analyzed statistically to the value of Optical Density (OD) result of the Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) reader using Kruskal Wallis Test continued by Mann Whitney Test (p<0,05). Identification of the contents phenolic compounds and flavonoids performed by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). The result of the research showed that ethyl acetate fraction had lymphocyte cell proliferation activity at the concentration of 50, 100, 200, and 400 μg/mL. The ethyl acetate fraction of roselle calyx contained phenolic compounds and flavonoids

Active Cutaneous Anaphylaxis-inhibitory Activity of the N-hexane Extract of Morinda Citrifolia L. Fruits in Hepatitis B Vaccine-induced Wistar Rats

Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) is one of medicinal plants that are commonly known for its medical treatment USAge. Noni is reported for the pharmacological effects, including analgesic, antihypertensive and immunomodulator. This research aims to prove that the n-hexane extract of noni fruits can inhibit active cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction in male wistar rats induced hepatitis B vaccine. This research used an active cutaneous anaphylaxis methode followed by hystopathological observation. Active cutaneous anaphylaxis test was done for 2 weeks. Test animals were divided into five groups: untreated control, treatment with n-hexane extract of noni dose of 50mg, 100mg dan 200mg/kgBW rats, and cromolyn treated group with dose of 2. mg/kg BW rats as positive control. Animals were sensitized 2times (once every week) with hepatitis B vaccine (dose of 145µg/kgBW) subcutaneously on the back. In the second week, random four rats of each groups were sacrificed and the skin tissues and livers were taken. Tissues were created as histopathology preparations with hematoxyllin-eosin coloring. The presence of anaphylaxis reactions, shown by inflammatory cell infiltration, were observed from the histopathology preparations. The result of this research showed that the administration of n-hexane extract of noni fruits treatment dose of 50mg, 100mg, and 200mg/kgBW on male Wistar rats induced hepatitis B vaccine can inhibit active cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction

Uji Aktivitas Imunomodulator Fermentasi Teh Hitam Jamur Kombucha Terhadap Fagositosis Makrofag Mencit Galur Balb/c Secara in Vitro

Black tea and kombucha is beverage drink was known that can increase immunity. This study aims to not only determine the fermented black tea kombucha as an immunomodulatory againts macrophages cell phagocytic of mice strains Balb/C in vitro, but also to determine concentration with duration fermentation that produces the highest activity Fermentation kombucha was carried out for 5, 10 and 15 days with steeping black tea has been given sugar. Fermented black tea kombucha was made to any series concentrations of 6,25; 12,5; 25; 50 and 100 µg/mL, as a positive control used lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 10 mg/mL there were tested in vitro on activity phagocytic macrophage cell of mice strains Balb/C. Value of Phagocytic Index (phagocytic of latex in 100 macrophage) and phagocytic capacity (amount of macrophage that phagocytic latex) were analyzed using SPSS 16 for windows with methode Friedman test followed by Mann Withney test. The results showed that fermented black tea kombucha has the highest as immunostimulatory activity on macrophage phagocytic at the concentration of 100 µg/mL and 10 days duration fermentation

Uji Aktivitas Imunomodulator Fermentasi Teh Hitam Jamur Kombucha Terhadap Roliferasi Sel Limfosit Mencit Galur Balb/c Secara in Vitro

Teh kombucha diperoleh dari hasil fermentasi larutan teh, gula dan koloni kombucha. Fermentasi teh hitam jamur kombucha (FTHJK) secara empiris, terbukti dapat meningkatkan sistem kekebalan tubuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas imunomodulator hasil FTHJK terhadap proliferasi sel limfosit mencit galur Balb/C secara in vitro. Kombucha difermentasi selama 5, 10, dan 15 hari dengan menggunakan seduhan teh hitam yang telah diberi gula. Hasil fermentasi teh hitam jamur kombucha (FTHJK) dibuat beberapa seri konsentrasi yakni 6,25; 12,5; 25; 50 dan 100 µg/ml dan sebagai kontrol positif Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) 10 µg/ml diuji secara in vitro terhadap proliferasi sel limfosit mencit galur Balb/C jantan usia 2 bulan dengan menggunakan metode MTT Assay. Data absorbansi berupa nilai Optical Density (OD) dianalisis secara statistik dengan Friedman Test dilanjutkan Mann Whitney Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa FTHJK memiliki aktivitas imunostimulator terhadap proliferasi sel limfosit pada konsentrasi 50 dan 100µg/mL fermentasi hari ke-5, dan konsentrasi 100µg/mL fermentasi hari ke-10 dan 15. Aktivitas imunostimulator tertinggi terjadi pada konsentrasi 100µg/mL dengan lama fermentasi hari ke-15

Uji Aktivitas Imunomodulator Fermentasi Teh Rosela Jamur Kombucha Terhadap Proliferasi Sel Limfosit Mencit Galur Balb/c Secara in Vitro

Recently, some research showed that there is an immunomodulator effect in the fermentation of Rosella kombucha mushroom tea and it can be caused by flavonoid and organic acid. The purpose of this research was to show the activity of immunomodulator Rosella kombucha mushroom tea to against the proliferation of lymphocyte cells of Balb/C mice in vitro and to show the dose and length of fermentation that induces highest immunomodulator activity. Kombucha mushroom was fermented for 5 days, 10 days and also 15 days with boiled Rosella tea, water and sugar. The yield of fermentation in the concentration of 6,25; 12,5; 25; 50 and 100 µg/mL were tested on lymphocyte cells proliferation by the MTT Assay. The OD (Optical Density) data obtained was statistically analyzed by nonparametric Friedman test and continuoused by Mann-Whitney test. The result of this research showed that the fermentation of Rosella kombucha mushroom tea has an immunostimulatory activity on lymphocyte cells proliferation with the concentration 6,25; 12,5 and 25 µg/mL in the 10 days and the highest immunostimulatory activity showed by the concentration 25 µg/mL and 10 days of fermentation time

Uji Aktivitas Imunostimulator Fraksi Air Dari Ekstrak Etanol Kelopak Bunga Rosella (Hibiscus Sabdariffa L.) Terhadap Proliferasi Sel Limfosit Mencit Galur Swiss Secara in Vitro Beserta Identifikasi Kandungan Kimianya

Roselle calyx has been used as traditional medicine for generations. The content of phenols and flavonoids in the roselle calyx thought to have immunostimulatory effects. This study aims to determine the immunostimulatory activity in vitro and to identified phenolic and flavonoids compounds in the water fraction of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) calyx ethanol extract.Powder of roselle calyx macerated with 96% ethanol. The extract were obtained partitioned gradually with n-hexana, ethyl acetate, and water. Immunostimulatory activity test was done according to MTT Assay with series of water fraction at concentration 10, 20, 50,100, 200, 400 μg/mL and positive control PHA 10 μg/ml against to lymphocyte cell culture. Optical Density (OD) data was statistically analyzed by Oneway ANOVA followed Tukey test (p<0.05). Identification of phenolic and flavonoids compounds in roselle calyx done by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC).The results of statistical analysis showed that water fraction have immunostimulatory activity against lymphocyte proliferation at a concentration of 400 μg/mL were significantly different compared to the positive control and the cells control (p<0.05). TLC test results showed that the fraction contained phenols and flavonoids

Acute and Subchronic Oral Toxicity Evaluation of Herbal Formulation: Piper crocatum Ruiz and Pav., Typhonium flagelliforme (Lodd.) Blume, and Phyllanthus niruri L. in Sprague–Dawley Rats

Background. The product combination of Piper crocatum Ruiz. and Pav., Phyllanthus niruri Linn., and Typhonium flagelliforme (Lodd.) BL ethanolic extract (SKM) exerts immunomodulatory activity. However, the toxicity profile of the combination has never been investigated. Objective. This study aimed to establish the acute toxicity profile of the SKM product on Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats and its subchronic toxicity profile on female SD rats. Method. The acute and subchronic toxicity tests were conducted in accordance with OECD 423 and OECD 408, respectively. Result. The SKM product was safe up to 5000 mg/kg b.w. in male and female SD rats. In repeated doses of SKM for 90 days, the administration of 22.5, 45, and 90 mg/kg b.w. per day of the SKM product to female SD rats did not affect clinical signs, body weight, food and water consumption, hematological parameters, clinical chemical parameters, urinalysis, relative organ weights, and gross pathological and histopathological features compared with the control group. Conclusion. Analyses of these results suggest that the long-term oral administration of the SKM product for 90 days does not cause subchronic toxicity