International Solar Terrestrial Physics (ISTP) geotail mission

The Geotail spacecraft will be provided by the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS) and will provide a Delta Launch Vehicle, tracking support by the Deep Space Network (DSN), and data processing support by GSFC. In exchange, ISAS will reserve part of the payload for NASA instruments together with a certain number of investigators from the United States. As the solar wind flows toward the Earth, some of the energy is modified by the Earth's magnetosphere, ionosphere, and upper atmosphere. This interaction causes the flow to be altered, creating a plasmasphere, plasma sheet, and ring currents in the Earth's Geomagnetic Tail region. The result is a series of distinct regions which affect processes on the Earth. By traversing the tail region to a variety of depths, Geotail will be able to determine the size, position, and other properties of these regions. When correlated with information obtained from the other ISAS spacecraft, Geotail data should help to provide a more complete understanding of how the solar processes affect the Earth's environment. The flight profile is given, and information is presented in tabular form on the following topics: DSN support, frequency assignments, telemetry, command, and tracking support responsibility

Skylab food system

A review of the Skylab food system requirements, package designs, and launch configurations was presented. In-flight anomalies were discussed, and between-mission changes in design were described. A discussion of support for Skylab 3 and Skylab 4 mission extensions and of new items launched on these missions is included

Unsteady aerodynamics of an oscillating cascade in a compressible flow field

Fundamental experiments were performed in the NASA Lewis Transonic Oscillating Cascade Facility to investigate and quantify the unsteady aerodynamics of a cascade of biconvex airfoils executing torsion-mode oscillations at realistic reduced frequencies. Flush-mounted, high-response miniature pressure transducers were used to measure the unsteady airfoil surface pressures. The pressures were measured for three interblade phase angles at two inlet Mach numbers, 0.65 and 0.80, and two incidence angles, 0 and 7 deg. The time-variant pressures were analyzed by means of discrete Fourier transform techniques, and these unique data were then compared with predictions from a linearized unsteady cascade model. The experimental results indicate that the interblade phase angle had a major effect on the chordwise distributions of the airfoil surface unsteady pressure, and that reduced frequency, incidence angle, and Mach number had a somewhat less significant effect

A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY OF JUNIOR ENLISTED MARINE CORPS VETERANS’ CAREER TRANSITION AND ORGANIZATIONAL ATTACHMENT: FROM THE MILITARY TO CIVILIAN WORK ENVIRONMENT

Military service is a transformative experience that leaves an indelible mark on all who serve. Once separated from the military way of life, many veterans find that they yearn for the structure, camaraderie, and discipline they experienced while in the military. These feelings of attachment to the military can make the transition back to civilian life difficult and pose a barrier to success in a civilian workplace. As military service members separate from their military service obligation and transition to the civilian workforce, they experience numerous challenges leaving behind the culture of the military and adapting to the civilian way of life. The purpose of this study is to explore the experiences of junior enlisted Marine Corps veterans as they address their feelings of attachment and transition out of the military and into the civilian workforce. The term junior enlisted commonly refers to Marines that hold the rank of E-1 through E-3; however, for the purpose of this study, it refers to military members (rank E-5 and below) that served one to two active duty enlistment terms (four to eight years). This study focused on the veterans’ feelings of attachment to the military way of life as they transitioned to the civilian workforce and how these feelings of attachment impact veterans’ behaviors during the transition period. This research was based on two theoretical foundations found in the literature, Attachment Theory and Transition Theory, as they impact veterans transitioning out of the military and into the civilian workforce. Qualitative interviews with former military service members were conducted to collect data and information on their individual personal experiences. This study explains the intersection of veterans’ struggles with both transition and feelings of attachment to the military lifestyle so that the military, veterans, and civilian employers can develop strategies to ease the transitions of the current generation of warriors back to civilian life and foster success in the workplace

The Study of Nez Perce Indian education

Studies of rock writings, both pictograph and petroglyph, indicate that the primitive artist was following a pattern of pictography in the vogue of his area. The drawings were symbolic of religious and ceremonial rites, i.e., puberty. Rich findings have been located along the Snake River depicting the history of the Nez Perce Indian. Education of children was in the form of myths and legends told in large group gatherings in the longhouse during the winter months. Expressions of politeness, etiquette, and proper behavior were usually emphasized. Horror stories indicated treatment by spirits, if caught. Monsters were obstacles to be conquered. Tribal history and biographical sketches were an important part of education. Apprentice training was the most popular method of teaching established skills, much of the teaching being done by older Indians and parents. A religious experience of a vision quest for the spirit weyekin was a part of growing up. The feast of the first fruits in the spring was another important religious ceremony. Religion was a central part of their culture and rules on religion, birth, adolescence, marriage, death and burial were taught. Magic, too. was important with the Shaman (witch doctor) as the leader. Some of these ceremonies were held as recently as 1940-1945. The Lewis and Clark expedition in 1805 may have been the first contact of the Nez Perces with the whites. Other early contacts were with Catholic and Presbyterian missionaries

Using the tetravalent meningococcal polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccine in the prevention of meningococcal disease

Invasive meningococcal disease occurs worldwide causing an estimated 50,000–135,000 deaths each year in addition to significant sequelae. In developed countries the disease is usually sporadic but outbreaks and epidemics, usually due to serogroups B and C, have occurred. In the US, an increasing number of cases are due to serogroup Y. In developing nations, epidemics due to serogroups A and more recently W-135, are common. The tetravalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine to serogroups A, C, Y, and W-135 (MCV4) has been demonstrated to be highly immunogenic and promote immune memory. This article will describe the rationale for the vaccine and its potential role to significantly decrease mortality and morbidity of meningococcal disease in those areas and populations at greatest risk from these serogroups

Facing Our Demons: Psychiatric Perspectives on Exorcism Rituals

Belief in possession by malevolent spirits exists in many cultures and religions throughout the world, and such beliefs often serve as explanations for a variety of psychological and emotional afflictions. Traditional remedies in these cases often involve exorcism rituals, which are believed to expel spirits from a person\u27s mind and/or body. Some of the cases commonly attributed to involuntary spirit possession are diagnosed within the psychiatric community as schizophrenia or some sort of dissociative disorder and treated with psychotherapy and/or medicine. For some in the psychiatric community, exorcisms and their use by patients are viewed as problematic due to their potential for interference with conventional treatments. Others point out their effectiveness, in some cases, at improving symptoms, or advocate increasing cooperation between faith healers or religious leaders and clinicians. This paper looks at the diversity of opinions within this debate and illuminates the points of contention and overlap among the various perspectives. Some final thoughts are offered on considerations and directions for future research