53 research outputs found

    The Reunion Day Gecko, Phelsuma borbonica Mertens, 1942 Cannibalism behaviour (Sauria : Gekkonidae)

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    oai:ojs.www.cahiers-wio.org:article/2This field observation confirms the intraspecific predation of a juvenile by an adult male in P. borbonica

    Distribution and conservation status of the Manapany day gecko, Phelsuma inexpectata MERTENS, 1966, an endemic threatened reptile from RĂ©union Island (Squamata: Gekkonidae)

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    The Manapany day gecko Phelsuma inexpectata Mertens, 1966 endemic to the south of Réunion Island, is a threatened species currently closely associated with the coastal habitat, one of the most endangered ecosystem on the island. We investigated the extent and the evolution of its distribution and its population size and density. We found that the species is extremely restricted, with an extent of occurrence (EOO) and an area of occupancy (AOO) of around 6 km² and 1 km² respectively. Since 1995, several sub-populations have disappeared and the population size has dropped to between 3 000 and 5 000 individuals. We located 15 populations, severely fragmented by urbanisation, agriculture and invasive vegetation. This habitat loss and fragmentation is perceived as the most serious threat, followed by interactions with alien animals (predation/competition) and by environmental pollution. The species qualifies as Critically Endangered according to the IUCN Red-List Criteria. We propose a first conservation strategy to avoid the possible extinction of the Manapany day gecko. RÉSUMÉ : Le gecko vert de Manapany Phelsuma inexpectata Mertens, 1966 est une espèce menacée, endémique du sud de La Réunion. Ce lézard est aujourd’hui associé aux habitats littoraux, l’un des écosystèmes les plus menacés de l’île. A l’aide d’un échantillonnage des habitats favorables identifiés sur son aire de répartition, nous avons étudié l’étendue et l’évolution de sa distribution, mais aussi la taille et la densité de ses populations. Les résultats de ces travaux montrent que la répartition de l’espèce est extrêmement limitée, avec une aire d’occurrence (EOO) et une aire d’occupation (AOO) (voir méthodologie IUCN, 2001), respectivement d’environ 6 km² et 1 km². Depuis 1995, plusieurs sous-populations ont disparu. De plus, l’effectif total a fortement diminué : estimé entre 5 000 et 10 000 individus par Bour et al. (1995), celui-ci est actuellement compris entre 3 000 et 5 000 individus. Nous avons identifié 15 populations, très fragmentées par l’urbanisation, l’agriculture et les surfaces envahies de pestes végétales (principalement Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi). La fragmentation et la perte d’habitats naturels représentent les principales menaces qui pèsent sur l’espèce. Celles-ci sont suivies par la prédation et la compétition avec les espèces animales envahissantes, et les pollutions environnementales (traitements chimiques agricoles et lutte anti-vectorielle). La synthèse des résultats de cette étude permet de fournir une justification du statut de conservation UICN du gecko vert de Manapany, listé parmi les « espèces en danger critique d’extinction » (CR). Enfin, une première stratégie de conservation est également proposée pour éviter l’extinction de l’espèce

    Présentation et clé de détermination des geckos verts du genre Phelsuma (Gray, 1825) de l’île de La Réunion (Squamata : Gekkonidae)

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    Résumé : Six espèces de geckos diurnes du genre Phelsuma (Gray, 1825) sont présentes dans les milieux naturels de La Réunion : deux indigènes et quatre introduites. Ce travail présente brièvement les différentes espèces et fournit une clé de détermination permettant de les identifier. Abstract: Six day gecko species of the genus Phelsuma (Gray, 1825) occur in the natural environments on Réunion Island: two native and four exotic. This work introduces the different species and provides a key for their identification

    Orcc: multimedia development made easy

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    International audienceIn this paper, we present Orcc, an open-source development environment that aims at enhancing multimedia development by offering all the advantages of dataflow programming: flexibility, portability and scalability. To do so, Orcc embeds two rich eclipse-based editors that provide an easy writing of dataflow applications, a simulator that allows quick validation of the written code, and a multi-target compiler that is able to translate any dataflow program, written in the RVC-CAL language, into an equivalent description in both hardware and software languages. Orcc has already been used to successfully write tens of multimedia applications, such as a video decoder supporting the new High Efficiency Video Coding standard, that clearly demonstrates the ability of the environment to develop complex applications. Moreover, results show scalable performances on multi-core platforms and achieve real-time decoding frame-rate on HD sequences

    Régime alimentaire du grand gecko vert de Madagascar, Phelsuma grandis Gray, 1870 sur l'île de La Réunion (Squamata : Gekkonidae)

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    RÉSUMÉ : Phelsuma grandis Gray, 1870 est un gecko introduit sur l’île de La Réunion. Le régime alimentaire de ce reptile, considéré comme invasif, a été étudié afin d’évaluer la menace qu'il pourrait représenter pour la faune indigène. Le contenu stomacal de 171 individus a été analysé. À La Réunion, P. grandis se nourrit principalement d’Arthropodes. Les ressources végétales occupent également une part non négligeable de son alimentation et il consomme régulièrement d’autres espèces de geckos. P. grandis manifeste un comportement alimentaire de type opportuniste, à large spectre de proies. Ces résultats indiquent que P. grandis pourrait avoir des incidences négatives importantes sur la faune locale, notamment sur l’entomofaune et l’herpétofaune par prédation ou par compétition.ABSTRACT:Phelsuma grandis Gray, 1870 is an introduced invasive gecko at Reunion Island. The aim of the present study was to assess its diet in order to evaluate the threat it could represent for native fauna. Stomach contents of 171 individuals were analyzed. At Reunion Island, P. grandis feeds mostly on arthropods and, to a lesser extent, plant materials. P. grandis feeds also, and regularly, onother gecko species. P. grandis shows an opportunistic feeding behavior with a broad spectrum of prey. These outcomes indicate that P. grandis may have significant negative impacts on the local wildlife, including entomofauna and herpetofauna, through predation or competition.MOTS CLÉS : Phelsuma grandis, espèce invasive, prédation, écosystèmes insulaires.KEYWORDS : Phelsuma grandis, invasive species, predation, island ecosystems

    Observation d’une proie inédite chez le Busard de Maillard Circus maillardi J. Verreaux, 1862 (Accipitriformes : Accipitridae)

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    Le 23/12/2016 un passage de proie (Grand gecko vert de Madagascar), entre un mâle adulte et un jeune Busard de Maillard, est observé

    Record d'altitude pour la couleuvre loup, Lycodon aulicus (L., 1758) sur l'île de La Réunion (Squamata : Colubridae)

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    Le 22 mai 2013, lors d’une sortie de terrain conduite par les agents du Parc national de La Réunion visant à suivre une population de gecko vert de Bourbon (Phelsuma borbonica Mertens, 1966), une couleuvre loup a été découverte au niveau du site du Maïdo (commune de Saint-Paul), à 2215 mètres d’altitude

    Efficient Software Synthesis of Dynamic Dataflow Programs

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    International audienceThis paper introduces advanced software synthesis techniques that enhance the implementation of dynamic dataflow programs. These techniques have been implemented into open-source tools and demonstrated on well-known video decoders including one based on the new High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard. The results show an improvement of more than 100% of the frame-rate over previously proposed implementations, and achieve real-time decoding of high definition video sequences

    Sequence-based GWAS, network and pathway analyses reveal genes co-associated with milk cheese-making properties and milk composition in Montbéliarde cows

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    International audienceAbstractBackgroundMilk quality in dairy cattle is routinely assessed via analysis of mid-infrared (MIR) spectra; this approach can also be used to predict the milk’s cheese-making properties (CMP) and composition. When this method of high-throughput phenotyping is combined with efficient imputations of whole-genome sequence data from cows’ genotyping data, it provides a unique and powerful framework with which to carry out genomic analyses. The goal of this study was to use this approach to identify genes and gene networks associated with milk CMP and composition in the Montbéliarde breed.ResultsMilk cheese yields, coagulation traits, milk pH and contents of proteins, fatty acids, minerals, citrate, and lactose were predicted from MIR spectra. Thirty-six phenotypes from primiparous Montbéliarde cows (1,442,371 test-day records from 189,817 cows) were adjusted for non-genetic effects and averaged per cow. 50 K genotypes, which were available for a subset of 19,586 cows, were imputed at the sequence level using Run6 of the 1000 Bull Genomes Project (comprising 2333 animals). The individual effects of 8.5 million variants were evaluated in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) which led to the detection of 59 QTL regions, most of which had highly significant effects on CMP and milk composition. The results of the GWAS were further subjected to an association weight matrix and the partial correlation and information theory approach and we identified a set of 736 co-associated genes. Among these, the well-known caseins, PAEP and DGAT1, together with dozens of other genes such as SLC37A1, ALPL, MGST1, SEL1L3, GPT, BRI3BP, SCD, GPAT4, FASN, and ANKH, explained from 12 to 30% of the phenotypic variance of CMP traits. We were further able to identify metabolic pathways (e.g., phosphate and phospholipid metabolism and inorganic anion transport) and key regulator genes, such as PPARA, ASXL3, and bta-mir-200c that are functionally linked to milk composition.ConclusionsBy using an approach that integrated GWAS with network and pathway analyses at the whole-genome sequence level, we propose candidate variants that explain a substantial proportion of the phenotypic variance of CMP traits and could thus be included in genomic evaluation models to improve milk CMP in Montbéliarde cows

    Sequence-based GWAS, network and pathway analyses reveal genes co-associated with milk cheese-making properties and milk composition in Montbéliarde cows

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    Background Milk quality in dairy cattle is routinely assessed via analysis of mid-infrared (MIR) spectra; this approach can also be used to predict the milk’s cheese-making properties (CMP) and composition. When this method of high-throughput phenotyping is combined with efficient imputations of whole-genome sequence data from cows’ genotyping data, it provides a unique and powerful framework with which to carry out genomic analyses. The goal of this study was to use this approach to identify genes and gene networks associated with milk CMP and composition in the Montbéliarde breed. Results Milk cheese yields, coagulation traits, milk pH and contents of proteins, fatty acids, minerals, citrate, and lactose were predicted from MIR spectra. Thirty-six phenotypes from primiparous Montbéliarde cows (1,442,371 test-day records from 189,817 cows) were adjusted for non-genetic effects and averaged per cow. 50 K genotypes, which were available for a subset of 19,586 cows, were imputed at the sequence level using Run6 of the 1000 Bull Genomes Project (comprising 2333 animals). The individual effects of 8.5 million variants were evaluated in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) which led to the detection of 59 QTL regions, most of which had highly significant effects on CMP and milk composition. The results of the GWAS were further subjected to an association weight matrix and the partial correlation and information theory approach and we identified a set of 736 co-associated genes. Among these, the well-known caseins, PAEP and DGAT1, together with dozens of other genes such as SLC37A1, ALPL, MGST1, SEL1L3, GPT, BRI3BP, SCD, GPAT4, FASN, and ANKH, explained from 12 to 30% of the phenotypic variance of CMP traits. We were further able to identify metabolic pathways (e.g., phosphate and phospholipid metabolism and inorganic anion transport) and key regulator genes, such as PPARA, ASXL3, and bta-mir-200c that are functionally linked to milk composition. Conclusions By using an approach that integrated GWAS with network and pathway analyses at the whole-genome sequence level, we propose candidate variants that explain a substantial proportion of the phenotypic variance of CMP traits and could thus be included in genomic evaluation models to improve milk CMP in Montbéliarde cows.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
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