Para uma definição da rede de arquivos em Portugal: o caso do distrito de Viana do Castelo

This article highlights the developed efforts carried out by the National Archives, over the last ten years, in favour of the creation of the municipal archives, is objective being its posterior archival network insertion. Furthermore, it delineates a present panorama of the situation in Alto Minho with regards to PARAM – Programa de Apoio à Rede de Arquivos Municipais. The conclusions reflect future steps to be taken in the referred to programme

Monetary policy during Brazil´s Real Plan: estimating the Central Bank´s reaction function

This paper uses a Threshold Autoregressive (TAR) model with exogenous variables to explain a change in regime in Brazilian nominal interest rates. By using an indicator of currency crises -which is chosen endogenously - the model tries to explain the difference in the dynamics of nominal interest rates during and out of a currency crises. The paper then compares the performance of the nonlinear model to a modified Taylor Rule adjusted to Brazilian interest rates, and shows that the former performs considerably better than the latter.

IMPACTO DA INTRODUÇÃO DA ALBUFEIRA DE ALQUEVA NO MODELO DE PREVISÃO AROME

Although the floodgates of the Alqueva dam were closed in 2002, giving rise to the largest artificial lake in Western Europe, its possible effects on the weather in Portugal are not being taken into account by the operational models of weather forecasting used in IPMA. Thus, it is necessary to introduce the physiography of the lake in the model under study (AROME), and to validate it by analysing statistically as well as meteorologically the differences between the model simulations with and without Alqueva and to compare these results with observations

Virtual lab practice for quantitative analysis of metals in polluted soils

En este trabajo se muestra el desarrollo de una práctica de laboratorio virtual de Experimentación Química, para los alumnos de Ciencia Medioambiental de la ETSIC de la UPM

Para uma definição da rede de arquivos em Portugal: o caso do distrito de Viana do Castelo

This article highlights the developed efforts carried out by the National Archives, over the last ten years, in favour of the creation of the municipal archives, is objective being its posterior archival network insertion. Furthermore, it delineates a present panorama of the situation in Alto Minho with regards to PARAM – Programa de Apoio à Rede de Arquivos Municipais. The conclusions reflect future steps to be taken in the referred to programme

Selection of coffee progenies for resistance to nematode Meloidogyne paranaensis in infested area

The purpose of this study was to select Coffea arabica progenies for resistance to M. paranaensis in an infested coffee growing area using Henderson’s mixed model methodology. Forty-one genotypes were selected at the Coffee Active Germplasm Bank of Minas Gerais, and evaluated in regard to stem diameter, number of plagiotropic branches, reaction to the nematode, and yield per plant. There was genetic variability among the genotypes studied for all the traits evaluated, and among the populations studied for yield and reaction to the nematode, indicating possibilities for obtaining genetic gains through selection in this population. There was high rate of genotypic association between all the traits studied. Coffee plants of Timor Hybrid UFV408-01 population, and F3 progenies derived from crossing Catuaí Vermelho and Amphillo MR 2161 were the most promising in the area infested by M. paranaensis

Influence of moisture content, temperature and inoculum size on lipase production by filamentous fungi under solid-state fermentation of olive pomace

Pollution by olive mill wastes is a crucial problem in the Mediterranean area and proper management is necessary. Olive pomace, a solid by-product generated by the olive oil two phase extraction process, is an acidic and very humid material, rich in organic matter, potassium, nitrogen, carbohydrates, phenols and also contains residual fats, which make an interesting substrate for lipase production under solid-state fermentation. The aim of this work was to optimise moisture content (MC), temperature and inoculum size, in order to improve lipase production by Aspergillus ibericus MUM 03.49, Aspergillus niger MUM 03.58 and Aspergillus tubingensis MUM 06.152, under solid-state fermentation (SSF) of olive pomace mixed with wheat bran. Firstly, a full factorial design of experiments was implemented in order to investigate the effect of MC (70%, 75% and 80% wet basis) and temperature (25 ºC, 30 ºC and 35 ºC) on its production. SSF was carried out in 500 mL Erlenmeyer flasks, containing 30 g solid dry substrate. Lipase activity was measured by colorimetric assay, using p-nitrophenyl butyrate as substrate. In general, MC presented a significant effect (p < 0.05) on lipase production. Temperature presented a significant effect only for A. ibericus. Maximum lipase production was obtained at 70% of MC for all microorganisms, showing the need to investigate lower values of moisture. Thus, MC values from 35% to 70% were investigated at 30 ºC for A. ibericus and A. niger, and at 25 ºC for A. tubingensis. Results showed an increase in lipase production with lower MC: 3-fold for A. ibericus with 60% MC, 7-fold for A. niger with 50% MC, and 4-fold for A. tubingensis with 35% MC. Finally, the effect of inoculum size from 105 to 108 spores/mL was also investigated, and it was found that this condition did not present a significant effect on lipase production. A. ibericus was the best lipase producer, leading to 117.33 U/gds. A. niger and A. tubingensis produced 80.86 and 8.60 U/gds, respectively

Valorisation of olive pomace by solid-state fermentation with Aspergillus species for lipase production

Pollution by olive mill wastes is a crucial problem in Mediterranean area and their proper management and utilization is demanded. Olive pomace offers excellent properties to produce enzymes by solid-state fermentation (SSF) using filamentous fungi. Particularly for lipase production, since it has residual content of olive oil. The aim of this work was to optimize the production of lipase by Aspergillus ibericus MUM 03.49, Aspergillus niger MUM 03.58 and Aspergillus tubingensis MUM 06.152, under SSF of olive pomace. A Taguchi L-9 orthogonal array based on 4 factors at 3 levels (ratio between olive pomace and wheat bran (OP:WB), NaNO3, Czapek nutrients and time) was implemented. SSF was carried out in Erlenmeyer flasks of 500 mL and lipase activity was measured using p-nitrophenyl butyrate as substrate. Results showed for all fungi that the factor with most significant effect on lipase production was the mixture OP:WB, concluding that the presence of wheat bran on substrate favored lipase production. NaNO3 concentration and time presented some effect and presence of Czapek nutrients did not added significant advantages on lipase production. A. ibericus was the best lipase producer, being a promising microorganism for lipase production. Under optimized conditions it produced 20.78 U/gds of lipase

Olive pomace valorization by Aspergillus species: lipase production using solid-state fermentation

Background Pollution by olive mill wastes is an important problem in the Mediterranean area and novel solutions for their proper management and valorization are needed. The aim of this work was to optimize a solid-state fermentation (SSF) process to produce lipase using olive pomace (OP) as the main source of nutrients by several Aspergillus spp. Optimized variables in two different designs were: ratio between olive pomace and wheat bran (OP:WB), NaNO3, Czapek nutrients, fermentation time, moisture content (MC) and temperature. Results Results showed that the mixture OP:WB and MC were the most significant factors affecting lipase production for all fungi strains tested. With MC and temperature optimization, a 4.4-fold increase in A. ibericus lipase was achieved (90.5± 1.5 U g-1), using a mixture of OP and WB at 1:1 ratio, 0.02 g NaNO3 per g dry substrate, absence of Czapek nutrients, 60% of MC and incubation at 30 °C for 7 days. For A. niger and A. tubingensis, highest lipase activity obtained was 56.6± 5.4 U g-1 and 7.6± 0.6 U g-1, respectively. Conclusion A. ibericus was found to be the most promising microorganism for lipase production using mixtures of OP and WB.Felisbela Oliveira and José Manuel Salgado acknowledge financial support from Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) of Portugal through grants SFRH/BD/87953/2012 and SFRH/BPD/84440/2012, respectively. Luís Abrunhosa was supported by grant UMINHO/BPD/51/2015 from project UID/BIO/04469/2013, financed by FCT/MEC (OE). The authors thank the FCT Strategic Project of UID/BIO/04469/2013 unit, the project RECI/BBB-EBI/0179/2012 (FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-027462) and the project ‘BioInd – Biotechnology and Bioengineering for improved Industrial and Agro-Food processes’, REF. NORTE-07-0124-FEDER-000028, co-funded by the Programa Operacional Regional do Norte (ON.2 – O Novo Norte), QREN, FEDER

Does Soil Organic Matter Affect the Impact of the Ionic Liquid Ethylammonium Nitrate in the Pure State and as Mixture with Lithium Salt on Basal Soil Respiration?

Although ionic liquids (ILs) do not contaminate the atmosphere (because of their low vapourpressure), they may have toxic effects in aquatic and terrestrial environments. Therefore, beforeILs can be widely used for different applications, their toxicity must be tested in different environments.The IL ethylammonium nitrate (EAN) is of interest in electrochemical applications, and research is currently underway to investigate the electrochemical activity of mixtures of this compound with inorganic salts. In this study, we investigated the impacts of different amounts of pure EAN and of mixtures of EAN and lithium salt on basal soil respiration in two soils differing in organic matter content.Fil: Sixto, Teresa. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiológicas de Galicia; EspañaFil: Priano, Maria Eugenia. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigaciones en Física e Ingeniería del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigaciones en Física e Ingeniería del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. - Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Física e Ingeniería del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Reyes, Otilia. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela; EspañaFil: Parajó, Juan José. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela; EspañaFil: Salgado, Josefa. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela; EspañaFil: Trasar Cepeda, Carmen. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiológicas de Galicia; Españ