The Long-Term Variation of Galactic Cosmic Ray Flux and Its Possible Connection with the Current Trend of the Global Warming

Abstract Referring to the observational results on the cosmic ray fluxes obtained from several observing sites and the solar activity for more than a century since the year 1870, it is shown that the long-term variation of the cosmic ray intensity in the space of the inner solar system may have been strongly controlled by the magnetic fields transported from the sun. According to this variation, the cosmic rays in this space have a tendency to steadily decrease for the last hundred years. This tendency seems to have been deeply effective to the formation of cloud layers all over the earth's surface. It could thus be concluded that the gradual decrease of the cosmic ray intensity in the space of the inner solar system is responsible for the global warming for the last hundred years or more

低エネルギー太陽宇宙線の研究

京都大学0048新制・課程博士理学博士理博第75号新制||理||38(附属図書館)641京都大学大学院理学研究科地球物理学専攻(主査)教授 田村 雄一, 教授 速水 頌一郎, 教授 西村 英一, 教授 林 忠四郎学位規則第5条第1項該当Kyoto UniversityDA

ON THE PERIODIC MODULATION OF ENERGETIC ELECTRONS IN THE MAGNETOSPHERIC SKIRT REGION

The acceleration mechanism of the energetic electrons in the magnetospheric skirt region is considered. It is inferred that the periodic modulation of these electrons is due mainly to the pulsative change of geomagnetic field lines in the skirt region, and that the cause of such periodicity is intimately connected with that of the X-ray burst, cosmic noise absorption with the periods, 4 to 6 minutes and geomagnetic pulsation, Pc-5, which are usually observed in the auroral latitudes. It is suggested that all electromagnetic disurbances are most violent at the dawn side of the skirt region compared with the other side, since the modulation mentioned above is strongest at the dawn side. As regards such disturbances, the rapid change of the geomagnetic field lines there with space and time may be most effective on the generation of energetic electrons. The acceleration mechanism of these electrons is examined in relation to the behavior of geomagnetic field lines

COMMENTS ON THE INDICES OF THE SOLAR ACTIVITY AND ITS ELEVEN-YEAR CYCLE VARIATION

The pattern of the eleven-year variation of the relative sunspot numbers, i.e., the Wolf numbers, is much different from that of the solar flares associated with the emissions of solar cosmic rays, type IV and great microwave impulsive radio bursts. Roughly speaking, the maximum phase of the latter is later by about three years from that of the former. It seems that such a time delay has been brought by the use of the relative sunspot numbers as the index of solar activity. Taking into account that the occurrence frequency of solar flares is approximately proportional to the relative sunspot numbers, the degree of solar activity related to the active phenomena on the sun is inferred to be closely connected with some of the nature of sunspots and their groups. It is clear, furthermore, that the pattern of the eleven-year variation of the coronal brightness with respect to the 5303A green line emission is very similar to that of the occurrence frequency of solar cosmic-ray flares. This fact suggests that the occurrence of solar cosmic-ray flares is connected with the coronal active regions. Some critical discussion is given on the indices of solar activity from the view points that the coronal activity is intimately connected with the active phenomena over the sun's photosphere. It is shown that the relative sunspot numbers in each of the northern and southern hemispheres must be defined as the representative index of solar activity, whenever the relative sunspot numbers are adopted

Solar Flare Emissions & Geophysical Disturbances

289-312Various geophysical phenomena are produced by both wave and particle emission from solar flares. In understanding these phenomena, it is necessary to investigate the nature of these emissions and solar flare phenomena. Using the observed data for these emissions, a review is given on the nature of solar flares and their development. Geophysical phenomena are discussed by referring to the results for solar flare phenomena

Solar Flare Emissions & Geophysical Disturbances

289-312Various geophysical phenomena are produced by both wave and particle emission from solar flares. In understanding these phenomena, it is necessary to investigate the nature of these emissions and solar flare phenomena. Using the observed data for these emissions, a review is given on the nature of solar flares and their development. Geophysical phenomena are discussed by referring to the results for solar flare phenomena

Long-Term Variation of the Solar Activity and its Possible Connection with the Earth\u27s Climate Condition and Cosmic Ray Modulation

The sun is quite variable in time. When the solar activity is numerated by counting sunspots in number, there exists a so-called eleven year periodicity on the relative sunspot numbers, although this periodicity varies from about 7 to 13 years. The total relative sunspot numbers for respective solar cycles have been increasing almost monotonically for more than 100 years since 1882. This long-term variation as seen on these numbers may have been causally associated with the decrease of the rotation speed at the equator of the sun which has been endured throughout those years since 1882. This long-term increase of the solar activity necessarily introduces its associated increase of the intensity of magnetic field originated from the sun in the inner heliosphere. The intensification of this field seems to strongly influence the behavior of galactic cosmic rays deep in the inner heliosphere and thus indirectly influences the sun - climate condition since the terrestrial climate may be highly dependent in the long-term decrease of the cosmic ray influx into the earth\u27s atmosphere

Narrow Spikes Enhanced by Electron Precipitation under the Inner Radiation Belt

The observation of energetic particles trapped in the magnetosphere has made clear that narrow spikes of these particles as observed at L∼1.6 are causally generated by the precipitation of particles trapped in the inner radiation belt. Furthermore, the occurrence frequency of these spikes is well correlated with the local time as coincident with the radio power transmitted from a VLF station located in west Australia, NWC. The results suggest that narrow spikes observed at L∼1.6 are mainly caused by the radio power from VLF transmitter, NWC located in Australia