18 research outputs found
Electrical characteristics of single-component ambipolar organic field-effect transistors and effects of air exposure on them
We investigated the electrical characteristics of single-component ambipolar organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) by controlling the device structure and preparation and the measurement conditions. Six organic semiconductor materials (copper-phthalocyanine, tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum (Alq3), alpha-sexithiophene, 4-4[prime]-bis-styrylphenyl, 2, 7-diphenyl[1]benzothieno[3, 2-b]benzothiophene, or a photopolymerized polydiacethylene derivative (PDA) were used as the active layer, and all were found to transport both holes and electrons. The PDA-based FETs had the highest hole and electron mobilities (0.12 and 0.025 cm2/V s, respectively). We also investigated the effect of air exposure on the OFETs. The hole mobility was barely affected by the exposure while the electron mobility was significantly affected. The threshold voltage for p-channel operation was shifted by the exposure while that for n-channel operation was not, indicating that the hole density in the active layer is increased by air exposure whereas the electron density is independent of air exposure. Furthermore, we prepared an Alq3-based p-channel OFET and investigated the effect of air exposure on it. While its operation was stable in vacuum, air exposure degraded its characteristics. These behaviors indicate that irreversible chemical reactions occur between cationic Alq3 species and oxygen or water molecules
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Alignment-free process for asymmetric contact electrodes and their application in light-emitting organic field-effect transistors
We developed an alignment-free process for asymmetric contacts of Au and Al and applied it to light-emitting organic field-effect transistors. Because electrons were injected efficiently from Al contacts, the emission intensity and onset voltages for light were significantly better than those in a device with conventional Au/Cr contacts. Moreover, a device with 1 µm channel length asymmetric contacts of Au and Al showed about 50 times higher current than that of the device with conventional Au/Cr contacts. This significant improvement can be ascribed to both dual space-charge formation of holes and electrons and low carrier injection barriers
Characterization of New Rubrene Analogues with Heteroaryl Substituents
New
rubrene analogues, which are heteroaryl-tetrasubstituted tetracenes,
have been developed using a simplified synthesis approach. Their stabilities
in solution were improved compared to those of rubrene. The correlation
among the molecular structures, crystal structures, and charge transport
properties has been investigated and compared with rubrene and various
rubrene analogues. Although twisted structures of a tetracene backbone
have often been found in single crystal analyses, the planarity might
be related to intermolecular interactions rather than the electron
donating/withdrawing properties of the heteroaryl side groups. The
packing motifs in thiophene-substituted derivatives did not include Ï-stacking
of tetracene cores, which differ from the well-known structure of
rubrene. However, furan-substituted derivatives can be crystallized
in the Ï-stacking manner. These differences in the packing structure
affect hole transport properties
Alignment-free process for asymmetric contact electrodes and their application in light-emitting organic field-effect transistors
We developed an alignment-free process for asymmetric contacts of Au and Al and applied it to light-emitting organic field-effect transistors. Because electrons were injected efficiently from Al contacts, the emission intensity and onset voltages for light were significantly better than those in a device with conventional Au/Cr contacts. Moreover, a device with 1 µm channel length asymmetric contacts of Au and Al showed about 50 times higher current than that of the device with conventional Au/Cr contacts. This significant improvement can be ascribed to both dual space-charge formation of holes and electrons and low carrier injection barriers
An Ionic Liquid That Dissolves Semiconducting Polymers: A Promising Electrolyte for Bright, Efficient, and Stable Light-Emitting Electrochemical Cells
Light-emitting
electrochemical cells (LECs) are composed of blends
of semiconducting polymers and electrolytes, in which a unique cooperative
action of ions and electrons induces a dynamic pân junction
for efficient emission. One of the crucial issues remaining in LECs
is uniformity in blends of polymer and electrolyte; phase separation
in between the two components results in poor performance or failure
of operation. Here, we overcome this issue by developing an ionic
liquid-based electrolyte of alkylphosphonium-phosphate that shows
notable compatibility high enough to dissolve even light-emitting
polymers. This exceptional compatibility enabled us to prepare uniform
film blends with various blue to red emitting polymers, and offered
bright and efficient LECs. Especially, a blue-emitting LEC showed
excellent performance: the luminance reached âŒ20â¯000
cd m<sup>â2</sup> with a high luminance efficiency of âŒ5
cd A<sup>â1</sup>, of which performances significantly exceed
a light-emitting diode using the same polymer. The ionic liquid was
further applied to the LECs with state-of-the-art light-emitting dendrimers
showing thermally activated delayed fluorescence under electrical
excitation, giving a high efficiency of 11 cd A<sup>â1</sup>. These demonstrations remind us of the great importance of the polymerâelectrolyte
compatibility and the usefulness of ILs for electrolyte of LECs
An Ionic Liquid That Dissolves Semiconducting Polymers: A Promising Electrolyte for Bright, Efficient, and Stable Light-Emitting Electrochemical Cells
Light-emitting
electrochemical cells (LECs) are composed of blends
of semiconducting polymers and electrolytes, in which a unique cooperative
action of ions and electrons induces a dynamic pân junction
for efficient emission. One of the crucial issues remaining in LECs
is uniformity in blends of polymer and electrolyte; phase separation
in between the two components results in poor performance or failure
of operation. Here, we overcome this issue by developing an ionic
liquid-based electrolyte of alkylphosphonium-phosphate that shows
notable compatibility high enough to dissolve even light-emitting
polymers. This exceptional compatibility enabled us to prepare uniform
film blends with various blue to red emitting polymers, and offered
bright and efficient LECs. Especially, a blue-emitting LEC showed
excellent performance: the luminance reached âŒ20â¯000
cd m<sup>â2</sup> with a high luminance efficiency of âŒ5
cd A<sup>â1</sup>, of which performances significantly exceed
a light-emitting diode using the same polymer. The ionic liquid was
further applied to the LECs with state-of-the-art light-emitting dendrimers
showing thermally activated delayed fluorescence under electrical
excitation, giving a high efficiency of 11 cd A<sup>â1</sup>. These demonstrations remind us of the great importance of the polymerâelectrolyte
compatibility and the usefulness of ILs for electrolyte of LECs