Unitarity Triangle Analysis in the Standard Model and Sensitivity to New Physics

By using the most recent determinations of the several theoretical and experimental input parameters, we update the Unitarity Triangle analysis in the Standard Model and discuss the sensitivity to New Physics effects. We investigate the interest of measuring with a better precision the various physical quantities entering the Unitarity Triangle analysis and study in a model independent way whether, despite the undoubted success of the CKM mechanism in the Standard Model, the Unitarity Triangle analysis still allows the presence of New Physics.Comment: Invited talk at the Workshop on the CKM Unitarity Triangle, IPPP Durham, April 2003 (eConf C0304052). 9 pages LaTeX, 15 eps figures. Misprint corrected and references adde

2000 CKM-Triangle Analysis A Critical Review with Updated Experimental Inputs and Theoretical Parameters

Within the Standard Model, a review of the current determination of the sides and angles of the CKM unitarity triangle is presented, using experimental constraints from the measurements of |\epsilon_K|, |V_{ub}/V_{cb}|, \Delta m_d and from the limit on \Delta m_s, available in September 2000. Results from the experimental search for {B}^0_s-\bar{B}^0_s oscillations are introduced in the present analysis using the likelihood. Special attention is devoted to the determination of the theoretical uncertainties. The purpose of the analysis is to infer regions where the parameters of interest lie with given probabilities. The BaBar "95 %, C.L. scanning" method is also commented.Comment: 44 pages (revised version

Constraints on new physics from the quark mixing unitarity triangle

The status of the Unitarity Triangle beyond the Standard Model including the most recent results on Delta m_s, on dilepton asymmetries and on width differences is presented. Even allowing for general New Physics loop contributions the Unitarity Triangle must be very close to the Standard Model result. With the new measurements from the Tevatron, we obtain for the first time a significant constraint on New Physics in the B_s sector. We present the allowed ranges of New Physics contributions to Delta F=2 processes, and of the time-dependent CP asymmetry in B_s to J/Psi phi decays.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures. v2: numerical error in Delta Gamma_s/Gamma_s corrected. Plots and tables updated. v3: update after ICHEP06, final version published in Phys Rev Letter

Update of the Unitarity Triangle Analysis

We present the status of the Unitarity Triangle Analysis (UTA), within the Standard Model (SM) and beyond, with experimental and theoretical inputs updated for the ICHEP 2010 conference. Within the SM, we find that the general consistency among all the constraints leaves space only to some tension (between the UTA prediction and the experimental measurement) in BR(B -> tau nu), sin(2 beta) and epsilon_K. In the UTA beyond the SM, we allow for New Physics (NP) effects in (Delta F)=2 processes. The hint of NP at the 2.9 sigma level in the B_s-\bar B_s mixing turns out to be confirmed by the present update, which includes the new D0 result on the dimuon charge asymmetry but not the new CDF measurement of phi_s, being the likelihood not yet released.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, Proceedings of the 35th International Conference of High Energy Physics - ICHEP2010 (July 22-28, 2010, Paris

TWO WEEKLY SESSIONS OF COMBINED AEROBIC AND RESISTANCE EXERCISE ARE SUFFICIENT TO PROVIDE BENEFICIAL EFFECTS IN SUBJECTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AND METABOLIC SYNDROME

none10noThis study was performed to establish whether only 2 sessions per week of combined aerobic and resistance exercise are enough to reduce glycated hemoglobin (HbA(1c) and to induce changes in skeletal muscle gene expression in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) subjects with metabolic syndrome. Eight DM2 subjects underwent a 1-yr exercise program consisting of 2 weekly sessions of 140 min that combined aerobic [at 55-70% of maximal oxygen uptake (VO(2max))] and resistance circuit training [at 60-80% of 1 repetition maximum (RM)]. The training significantly improved VO(2max) (from 33.5 +/- 3.8 ml/kg/min to 38.2 +/- 3.5 ml/kg/min, p=0.0085) and muscle strength (p<0.05). Changes over baseline were significant for HbA(1c), reduced by 0.45% (p=0.0084), fasting blood glucose (from 8.8 +/- 1.5 to 6.9 +/- 2.2 mmol/l, p=0.0132), waist circumference (from 98.9 +/- 4.8 to 95.9 +/- 4.6 cm, p=0.0054), body weight (from 87.5 +/- 10.7 to 85.7 +/- 10.1 kg, p=0.0375), systolic blood pressure (from 137 +/- 15 to 126 +/- 8 mmHg, p=0.0455), total cholesterol (from 220 +/- 24 to 184 +/- 13 mg/dl, p=0.0057), and LDL-cholesterol (from 150 +/- 16 to 105 +/- 15 mg/dl, p=0.0004). Mitochondrial DNA/nuclear DNA ratio at 6 and 12 months did not change. There was a significant increase of mRNA of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-gamma after 6 months of training (p=0.024); PPAR alpha mRNA levels were significantly increased at 6 (p=0.035) and 12 months (p=0.044). The mRNA quantification of other genes measured [mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase subunit II (MTCO2), cytochrome c oxidase subunit Vb (COX5b), PPAR gamma coactivator l alpha (PGC1 alpha), glucose transporter 4 (GLUT 4), forkhead transcription factor BOX O1 (FOXO-1), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT-1), lipoprotein lipase (LPL), and insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1)] did not show significant changes at 6 and 12 months. This study suggests that a twice-per-week frequency of exercise is sufficient to improve glucose control and the expression of skeletal muscle PPAR gamma and PPAR alpha in DM2 subjects with metabolic syndrome.openC. FATONE; M. GUESCINI; S. BALDUCCI; S. BATTISTONI; A. SETTEQUATTRINI; R. PIPPI; L. STOCCHI; M. MANTUANO; V. STOCCHI; P. DE FEOC., Fatone; Guescini, Michele; S., Balducci; S., Battistoni; A., Settequattrini; R., Pippi; L., Stocchi; Mantuano, Michela; Stocchi, Vilberto; P., DE FE

Improved Determination of the CKM Angle alpha from B to pi pi decays

Motivated by a recent paper that compares the results of the analysis of the CKM angle alpha in the frequentist and in the Bayesian approaches, we have reconsidered the information on the hadronic amplitudes, which helps constraining the value of alpha in the Standard Model. We find that the Bayesian method gives consistent results irrespective of the parametrisation of the hadronic amplitudes and that the results of the frequentist and Bayesian approaches are equivalent when comparing meaningful probability ranges or confidence levels. We also find that from B to pi pi decays alone the 95% probability region for alpha is the interval [80^o,170^o], well consistent with recent analyses of the unitarity triangle where, by using all the available experimental and theoretical information, one gets alpha = (93 +- 4)^o. Last but not least, by using simple arguments on the hadronic matrix elements, we show that the unphysical region alpha ~ 0, present in several experimental analyses, can be eliminated.Comment: 16 pages, 7 figure

Commissioning and operation of the Cherenkov detector for proton Flux Measurement of the UA9 Experiment

The UA9 Experiment at CERN-SPS investigates channeling processes in bent silicon crystals with the aim to manipulate hadron beams. Monitoring and characterization of channeled beams in the high energy accelerators environment ideally requires in-vacuum and radiation hard detectors. For this purpose the Cherenkov detector for proton Flux Measurement (CpFM) was designed and developed. It is based on thin fused silica bars in the beam pipe vacuum which intercept charged particles and generate Cherenkov light. The first version of the CpFM is installed since 2015 in the crystal-assisted collimation setup of the UA9 experiment. In this paper the procedures to make the detector operational and fully integrated in the UA9 setup are described. The most important standard operations of the detector are presented. They have been used to commission and characterize the detector, providing moreover the measurement of the integrated channeled beam profile and several functionality tests as the determination of the crystal bending angle. The calibration has been performed with Lead (Pb) and Xenon (Xe) beams and the results are applied to the flux measurement discussed here in detail.Comment: 25 pages, 14 figure

Chemical composition and evaluation of protein quality by amino acid score method of edible brown marine algae arame (Eisenia bicyclis) and hijiki (Hijikia fusiforme)

Crude proteins and their amino acid composition, fats, carbohydrates, cellulose, ashes, nucleic acids and minerals were determined in two edible and commercially available brown marine algae (Phaeophyceae), Arame (Eisenia bicyclis) and Hijiki (Hijikia fusiforme). The essential amino acid ratios for five key essential amino acids as well as the amino acid score based on the first limiting amino acid, Lys-Met-Cys score, Lys-Met-Cys-Trp score and Lys-Met-Cys-Trp-Thr score were calculated. The results have shown:– rather high contents of proteins, containing all essential amino acids– high amino acid ratios which are nearly as high as the value suggested by FAO/WHO/UNU pattern or higher– the first limiting amino acid in both analysed algae is tryptophane– very low contents of fats and nucleic acids– high contents of cellulose and other carbohydrates– large quantities of minerals and very low amounts of heavy metals