Antibiotic-resistance of Escherichia coli isolates from stored pig slurry

The antimicrobial resistance of 96 Escherichia coli strains isolated from a stabilization pond system on a pig-breeding farm was evaluated. Strains were tested for their resistance against 14 antimicrobial using the agar diffusion method. E. coli strains showed resistance to tetracycline (82.3%), nalidixic acid (64%), ampicilin (41%), sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprin (36%), sulfonamide (34%), cloranphenicol (274%), ciprofloxacin (19%), cefaclor (16%), streptomicyn (7.3%), neomicyn (1%), amoxacilin/ clavulanic acid (1%), and amikacin (1%). No resistance was observed to gentamicin and tobramycin, and 37.5% of E. coli strains were resistant to four or more antimicrobials. The multiresistance pattern was found in strains isolated during all sampled period. Strains showed a high variability in the antimicrobial resistance pattern

Antibiotic-resistance of Escherichia coli isolates from stored pig slurry

The antimicrobial resistance of 96 Escherichia coli strains isolated from a stabilization pond system on a pig-breeding farm was evaluated. Strains were tested for their resistance against 14 antimicrobial using the agar diffusion method. E. coli strains showed resistance to tetracycline (82.3%), nalidixic acid (64%), ampicilin (41%), sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprin (36%), sulfonamide (34%), cloranphenicol (274%), ciprofloxacin (19%), cefaclor (16%), streptomicyn (7.3%), neomicyn (1%), amoxacilin/ clavulanic acid (1%), and amikacin (1%). No resistance was observed to gentamicin and tobramycin, and 37.5% of E. coli strains were resistant to four or more antimicrobials. The multiresistance pattern was found in strains isolated during all sampled period. Strains showed a high variability in the antimicrobial resistance pattern

Idade de segregação do lenho juvenil e adulto pela variação da massa específica de açoita-cavalo Estimating the age of demarcation of young and mature wood in açoita-cavalo

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estimar a idade de segregação do lenho de Luehea divaricata Mart. (açoita-cavalo) por meio da variação radial da massa específica. Para o desenvolvimento do estudo, foram coletadas dez árvores de duas regiões do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Foi retirado um disco por árvore, com aproximadamente 2cm de espessura a 0,10m de altura do tronco. De cada disco, retirou-se, com auxílio de uma serra-fita, uma bagueta central de 2,0cm de largura, bem orientada no sentido radial, incluindo a medula no centro, dividiu-se então a bagueta em duas amostras "A" e "B". A massa específica foi obtida da relação entre peso seco e volume úmido. O volume úmido foi determinado de acordo com a norma ASTM D 2395 - 93, 1995. A segregação dos lenhos foi encontrada por regressão linear simples dos dados de variação da massa específica no sentido medula-casca. Foi feita uma regressão linear na faixa crescente dos dados e outra na faixa decrescente. A intersecção das retas extrapoladas foi adotada como idade de segregação. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que o lenho de açoita-cavalo segrega em aproximadamente 26 anos para a região da Depressão Central e 23 anos para a região da Encosta Superior do Nordeste. Nos dados de variação de massa específica, foi feita uma análise de variância multifatorial. Constatou-se que há diferença significativa entre lenhos e entre regiões. Por outro lado, as amostras A e B de cada árvore não foram estatisticamente diferentes entre si.<br>This study aims to estimate the age of segregation of young and mature wood of Luehea divaricata Mart., using the radial variation of specific gravity. To the development of this study were collected ten trees from two regions of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Discs with thickness of 2cm at 0.1m of height from the base of the trunk were used. From each disk, with the aid of a band saw, a central ribbon 2.0cm wide, and oriented in the radial direction was taken, including the pith, then splitted into two samples "A" and "B". The specific gravity was calculated as ratio between dry weight and wet volume. The wet volume was determined according to ASTM D 2395 - 93, 1997. The age of segregation was found by simple linear regression of the data of variation of specific gravity from pith to bark. The intersection of extrapolated lines was adopted as the age of segregation. The results showed that the wood segregates in 26 year for the region of Central Depression and in 23 years for the Northeast Upper Hillside. Was made a multifactorial analysis of variance in the specific gravity data, showing that there are statistical difference between regions and woods. However, there are no statistical difference between samples

Resistência a antimicrobianos de Escherichia coli isolada de dejetos suínos em esterqueiras Antibiotic-resistance of Escherichia coli isolates from stored pig slurry

<abstract language="eng">The antimicrobial resistance of 96 Escherichia coli strains isolated from a stabilization pond system on a pig-breeding farm was evaluated. Strains were tested for their resistance against 14 antimicrobial using the agar diffusion method. E. coli strains showed resistance to tetracycline (82.3%), nalidixic acid (64%), ampicilin (41%), sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprin (36%), sulfonamide (34%), cloranphenicol (274%), ciprofloxacin (19%), cefaclor (16%), streptomicyn (7.3%), neomicyn (1%), amoxacilin/ clavulanic acid (1%), and amikacin (1%). No resistance was observed to gentamicin and tobramycin, and 37.5% of E. coli strains were resistant to four or more antimicrobials. The multiresistance pattern was found in strains isolated during all sampled period. Strains showed a high variability in the antimicrobial resistance pattern