Negative differential resistance in nanoscale transport in the Coulomb blockade

Motivated by recent experiments, we have studied transport behavior of coupled quantum dot systems in the Coulomb blockade regime using the master (rate) equation approach. We explore how electron-electron interactions in a donor-acceptor system, resembling weakly coupled quantum dots with varying charging energy, can modify the systems response to an external bias, taking it from normal Coulomb blockade behavior to negative differential resistance (NDR) in the curent-voltage characteristics

Radiative magnification of neutrino mixings and a natural explanation of the neutrino anomalies

We show that the neutrino mixing pattern with the large mixing required for the atmospheric neutrino problem and the small mixing angle MSW solution for the solar neutrino problem can be naturally generated through radiative magnification, even though all the mixing angles at the seesaw scale may be small. This can account for the neutrino anomalies as well as the CHOOZ constraints in the context of quark-lepton unified theories, where the quark and lepton mixing angles are expected to be similar in magnitude at the high scale. We also indicate the 4$\nu$ mixing scenarios for which this mechanism of radiative magnification can provide a natural explanation.Comment: 14 pages RevTex, 2 eps figure

Vanishing corrections on the intermediate scale and implications for unification of forces

In two-step breaking of a class of grand unified theories including SO(10),we prove a theorem showing that the scale $M_I$ where the Pati-Salam gauge symmetry with parity breaks down to the standard gauge group,has vanishing corrections due to all sources emerging from higher scales $\mu >M_I$ such as the one-loop and all higher loop effects,the GUT-threshold,gravitational smearing,and string threshold effects. Implications of such a scale for the unification of gauge couplings with small Majorana neutrino masses are discussed.In string inspired SO(10) we show that $M_I \simeq 5\times 10^{12}$,needed for neutrino masses,with the GUT scale $M_U \simeq M_{str}$ can be realized provided certain particle states in the predicted spectum are light.Comment: 21 pages, Late

Hot Nuclear Matter : A Variational Approach

We develop a nonperturbative technique in field theory to study properties of infinite nuclear matter at zero temperature as well as at finite temperatures. Here we dress the nuclear matter with off-mass shell pions. The techniques of thermofield dynamics are used for finite temperature calculations. Equation of state is derived from the dynamics of the interacting system in a self consistent manner. The transition temperature for nuclear matter appears to be around 15 MeV.Comment: 16 pages, IP/BBSR/91-3

Neutron matter - Quark matter phase transition and Quark star

We consider the neutron matter quark matter phase transition along with possible existence of hybrid quark stars. The equation of state for neutron matter is obtained using a nonperturbative method with pion dressing of the neutron matter and an analysis similar to that of symmetric nuclear matter. The quark matter sector is treated perturbatively in the small distance domain. For bag constant $B^{1/4}$=148 MeV, a first order phase transition is seen. In the context of neutron quark hybrid stars, Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equations are solved using the equations of state for quark matter and for neutron matter with a phase transition as noted earlier. Stable solutions for such stars are obtained with the Chandrasekhar limit as 1.58 $M_\odot$ and radius around 10 km. The bulk of the star is quark matter with a thin crust of neutron matter of less than a kilometer.Comment: 28 pages including 9 figures, Revtex, IP/BBSR/92-8

Using Machine Learning in Estimating Changing Bed Shear over a Flume Test Box

A dam or levee breach caused by overflow erosion is difficult to evaluate during an overtopping event due to difficulty in accessibility and quickly changing conditions. However, for assessment of risk associated with breach time and ensuing downstream consequences, the erosion rate of embankment soils during this process needs to be evaluated. Soil erosion and water depth measurements were taken during flume tests using a Shallow Water Lidar (SWL) system scans. The tests were conducted in a 1-m-wide tilting flume on three cleans and gravel soil mixes with a median grain size D50of 2, 5,and 20 mm. The box measured 0.45-m-wide ×1.2-m-long ×0.25-m-deep. Due to the confined environment of the flow in the flume, the acting bed shear changes with hydrodynamics of the flow differently from under a uniform flow. The scour hole generated in the test box reaches equilibrium when the acting bed shear is equal to the critical shear. Standard machine learning techniques were used to image soil and water profiles from noisy Lidar data. First, the data are filtered using zonal-averaging and then based on the filtered data; the methodology selects the best profiles from a competing set based on the minimum error each profile produces on the data. Once the profiles are obtained, erosion rates and bed shear are computed, and a qualitative assessment is carried out to understand the relationship between temporal and spatial dependence of erosion rate on bed shear and soil particle size. Erosion rate and shear stress reached their maximum value within the first 60–70 seconds of the test and spatially within 0.3 m from the upstream end of the test box. The erosion rate decreased by about 4 times from 0.13 cm/s to 0.03 cm/s as D50increased from 2 mm to 20 mm at the same acting bed shear. The erosion rate for both mixes is reduced over time; however, the rate of reduction for D50of 20 mm is much higher over the same test duration. The erosion rate was shown to be strongly correlated to the acting bed shear nonlinearly. The results indicate that the calculated spatial variation of shear stress over the duration of the tests is consistent with the formation of maximum depth of scour hole

New Uncertainties in QCD-QED Rescaling Factors using Quadrature Method

In this paper we briefly outline the quadrature method for estimating uncertainties in a function of several variables and apply it to estimate the numerical uncertainties in QCD-QED rescaling factors. We employ here the one-loop order in QED and three-loop order in QCD evolution equations of fermion mass renormalization. Our present calculations are found to be new and also reliable compared to the earlier values employed by various authors.Comment: 14 page

Non-destructive Testing and Evaluation at CSIR-National Metallurgical Laboratory, Jamshedpur for Iron and Steel Industry: an Overview

In the area of iron and steel, the NDE centre at CSIR- National Metallurgical Laboratory has not only developed different NDE based methodologies for characterisation of microstructure and assessment of different kinds of damage (creep, fatigue, corrosion etc) in various grades of steel; but also developing methodologies for blast furnace lining thickness measurement and assessment of High Speed Steel (HSS) rolls. This paper will highlight some of the above activities particularly related to steel and allied industries