83,972 research outputs found
Gravitational Waves from Phase Transition of Accreting Neutron Stars
We propose that when neutron stars in low-mass X-ray binaries accrete
sufficient mass and become millisecond pulsars, the interiors of these stars
may undergo phase transitions, which excite stellar radial oscillations. We
show that the radial oscillations will be mainly damped by gravitational-wave
radiation instead of internal viscosity. The gravitational waves can be
detected by the advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory at
a rate of about three events per year.Comment: Latex, article style, approximately 10 page
Integrating 'atomistic', intrinsic parameter fluctuations into compact model circuit analysis
MOSFET parameter fluctuations, resulting from the 'atomistic' granular nature of matter, are predicted to be a critical roadblock to the scaling of devices in future electronic systems. A methodology is presented which allows compact model based circuit analysis tools to exploit the results of 'atomistic' device simulation, allowing investigation of the effects of such fluctuations on circuits and systems. The methodology is applied to a CMOS inverter, ring oscillator, and analogue NMOS current mirror as simple initial examples of its efficacy
Classification of finite irreducible modules over the Lie conformal superalgebra CK6
We classify all continuous degenerate irreducible modules over the
exceptional linearly compact Lie superalgebra E(1, 6), and all finite
degenerate irreducible modules over the exceptional Lie conformal superalgebra
CK6, for which E(1, 6) is the annihilation algebra
Measuring dark energy with the correlation of gamma-ray bursts using model-independent methods
In this paper, we use two model-independent methods to standardize long
gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) using the correlation, where
is the isotropic-equivalent gamma-ray energy and is
the spectral peak energy. We update 42 long GRBs and try to make constraint on
cosmological parameters. The full sample contains 151 long GRBs with redshifts
from 0.0331 to 8.2. The first method is the simultaneous fitting method. The
extrinsic scatter is taken into account and assigned to the
parameter . The best-fitting values are ,
, and in the flat
CDM model. The constraint on is at the
1 confidence level. If reduced method is used, the best-fit
results are , and . The
second method is using type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) to calibrate the correlation. We calibrate 90 high-redshift GRBs in the redshift
range from 1.44 to 8.1. The cosmological constraints from these 90 GRBs are
for flat CDM, and
and for non-flat
CDM. For the combination of GRB and SNe Ia sample, we obtain
and for the flat CDM, and
for the non-flat CDM, the results are ,
and . These results from
calibrated GRBs are consistent with that of SNe Ia. Meanwhile, the combined
data can improve cosmological constraints significantly, comparing to SNe Ia
alone. Our results show that the correlation is
promising to probe the high-redshift universe.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures, 4 table, accepted by A&A. Table 4 contains
calibrated distance moduli of GRB
Braiding statistics approach to symmetry-protected topological phases
We construct a 2D quantum spin model that realizes an Ising paramagnet with
gapless edge modes protected by Ising symmetry. This model provides an example
of a "symmetry-protected topological phase." We describe a simple physical
construction that distinguishes this system from a conventional paramagnet: we
couple the system to a Z_2 gauge field and then show that the \pi-flux
excitations have different braiding statistics from that of a usual paramagnet.
In addition, we show that these braiding statistics directly imply the
existence of protected edge modes. Finally, we analyze a particular microscopic
model for the edge and derive a field theoretic description of the low energy
excitations. We believe that the braiding statistics approach outlined in this
paper can be generalized to a large class of symmetry-protected topological
phases.Comment: 17 pages, 12 figures, reorganized section V, added a referenc
Enhancement of variation of fundamental constants in ultracold atom and molecule systems near Feshbach resonances
Scattering length, which can be measured in Bose-Einstein condensate and
Feshbach molecule experiments, is extremely sensitive to the variation of
fundamental constants, in particular, the electron-to-proton mass ratio
(m_e/m_p or m_e/Lambda_{QCD}, where Lambda_{QCD} is the QCD scale). Based on
single- and two-channel scattering model, we show how the variation of the mass
ratio propagates to the scattering length. Our results suggest that variation
of m_e/m_p on the level of 10^{-11}~10^{-14} can be detected near a narrow
magnetic or an optical Feshbach resonance by monitoring the scattering length
on the 1% level. Derived formulae may also be used to estimate the isotopic
shift of the scattering length
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