Prevalence of palate-gingival groove in patients of Dhulikhel Hospital

Background: Palato-gingival groove is a rare developmental anomaly leading to pulpal and periodontal diseases. Radicular extensions of these grooves are areas for plaque accumulation which are difficult to clean. Its clinical and radiographic findings mimic endo-perio lesions leading to diagnostic dilemma, ineffective treatment attempts and treatment failures. Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of coronal and radicular palato-gingival groove in dental patients visiting Dhulikhel Hospital and its association with gingival disease. Methods: Patients (N=231) visiting dental out-patient department of Dhulikhel Hospital, were examined for the presence or absence of palato-gingival groove in maxillary anteriors. Loe and Silness Gingival index was also recorded for all the patients using University of North Caroline-15 periodontal probe. Chisquare test was used to test the association of the presence of palato-gingival groove and gingival disease. P value of &lt;0.05 was considered to be significant. Results: A total of 1362 maxillary anterior teeth were included in the study. The prevalence of coronal palatogingival groove among 1362 teeth was 6.6%. Coronal palato-gingival grooves were more common in females (56.6%) than in male (43.3%) patients. Prevalence of radicular groove was only 0.88% for lateral incisors and 0.2% for canines. There was no significant association between palate-gingival groove and gingival disease (P=0.91). Conclusion: The prevalence of palato-gingival groove is common in dental patients visiting Dhulikhel Hospital. Gingival disease is not significantly associated with palate-gingival groove. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v10i1.12765 Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, 2014, Vol.10(1); 32-36</p

A clinical evaluation of bioactive glass particulate in the treatment of mandibular class II furcation defects

Bioactive glass particulate has been applied to dentistry in the treatment of bone defects, ridge preservation and periodontal bone defects including the furcation defects. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical attachment gain and vertical and horizontal bone fill obtained with open flap debridement (OFD) alone and OFD with bioactive glass particulate in the treatment of mandibular Class II furcation defects. Twenty mandibular class II furcation defects were selected in 16 systemically healthy patients out of which 10 defects were treated with OFD alone (Group I) and other 10 defects were treated with OFD and bioactive glass particulate (Group II). Each defect was randomly assigned to Group I and Group II. The soft tissue and hard tissue measurements including vertical probing depth, horizontal probing depth, clinical attachment level, gingival recession, vertical depth of the furcation defects, and horizontal depth of the furcation defects were recorded at baseline and six months post surgery. At 6 months evaluation, both treatment procedures resulted in significant improvement in soft tissue and hard tissue parameters when compared to the baseline. There was no significant difference between the two groups with respect to soft tissue changes (p>0.05) like probing depth reduction (3.30 mm versus 2.90 mm), clinical attachment level gain (2.90 mm Vs 2.80 mm) and gingival recession. Vertical defect fill were significantly greater in the bioactive glass sites (1.50 mm) compared to control sites (0.80 mm). There was highly significant reduction in horizontal probing depth of the defect (1.80 mm Vs 1.10 mm, p< 0.05) after 6 months post surgery. In conclusion, bioactive glass showed significant improvement in clinical parameters like vertical and horizontal defect fill in mandibular class II furcation defects when compared to OFD

A clinical evaluation of bioactive glass particulate in the treatment of mandibular class II furcation defects

ve glass particulate has been applied to dentistry in the treatment of bone defects, ridge preservation and periodontal bone defects including the furcation defects. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical attachment gain and vertical and horizontal bone fill obtained with open flap debridement (OFD) alone and OFD with bioactive glass particulate in the treatment of mandibular Class II furcation defects. Twenty mandibular class II furcation defects were selected in 16 systemically healthy patients out of which 10 defects were treated with OFD alone (Group I) and other 10 defects were treated with OFD and bioactive glass particulate (Group II). Each defect was randomly assigned to Group I and Group II. The soft tissue and hard tissue measurements including vertical probing depth, horizontal probing depth, clinical attachment level, gingival recession, vertical depth of the furcation defects, and horizontal depth of the furcation defects were recorded at baseline and six months post surgery. At 6 months evaluation, both treatment procedures resulted in significant improvement in soft tissue and hard tissue parameters when compared to the baseline. There was no significant difference between the two groups with respect to soft tissue changes (p>0.05) like probing depth reduction (3.30 mm versus 2.90 mm), clinical attachment level gain (2.90 mm Vs 2.80 mm) and gingival recession. Vertical defect fill were significantly greater in the bioactive glass sites (1.50 mm) compared to control sites (0.80 mm). There was highly significant reduction in horizontal probing depth of the defect (1.80 mm Vs 1.10 mm, p< 0.05) after 6 months post surgery. In conclusion, bioactive glass showed significant improvement in clinical parameters like vertical and horizontal defect fill in mandibular class II furcation defects when compared to OFD

Spectrum of diseases in a medical ward of a teaching hospital in a developing country

Communicable and respiratory tract diseases especially chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases are the main reasons of admission in medical ward of low and middle income countries. This is different from the developed countries where non communicable diseases are the main reasons of hospital admission. In developing countries the data of hospital admission are still lacking. Therefore this study will help us to assess the common patterns of diseases admitted in a medical ward, the average length of hospital stay etc. The record of 1040 hospitalized patients in medical ward was analyzed for the period of six months from Jan 2010 to Jun 2010. Patient’s medical records were retrieved and data analysis was done to obtain age, sex, common diagnosis, the affected system and the duration of the hospital stay. The data was analyzed by using SPSSV 16. After reviewing the data the most common age of patients being admitted were between 46-65 years (31.5%) followed by more than 65 years (25%) between 26-45 years (21.28%) and less than 25 years (21.28%). Among the admitted patients females were more than the males except in neurolog ward. The most effected system was respiratory (31.73 %),and the most common diagnosis was Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (23.17%). The next common system involved was gastroenterology including liver (18.64%) ,genitourinary (12.01%), cardiovascular ( 11.34%), neurology (9.23%), endocrine (4.80%) hematology (2.30%). The cause for hospital admission by infection in different system was (30.08%) The average duration of hospital stay of the patients was less than 7 days. The respiratory diseases and the infectious disease are the most common disease in Nepal. The communicable diseases still hold a greater position, while non communicable diseases are main reasons for admission to the medical wards in developed countries. Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal,2012,Vol-8,No-2, 7-11 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v8i2.6831</a

Adaptation and validation of a Nepali version of the Child-Oral Impacts on Daily Performances Index (C-OIDP)

Abstract The need for culturally validated measures of Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) has been increasing in recent years. Objectives: To adapt the Child-Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (C-OIDP) index into the Nepali language and to validate it, to assess and compare the outcomes of self-reported oral problems, and to validate a structured questionnaire on general hygiene practices, oral hygiene practices, dietary habits, and use of tobacco. Basic research design: A school-based cross-sectional study on pilot and national samples. Participants: Nepalese schoolchildren representing WHO index age groups (5–6-year-olds, 12-year-olds, and 15-year-olds). The study was conducted on a pilot sample (n=128) selected conveniently and a national sample (n=1,052), selected from 18 sampling sites on the basis of the stratified random sampling method Main outcome measures: Adapted and validated Nepali C-OIDP Results: The Nepali C-OIDP showed excellent validation and reliability tests in both studies. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were 0.82 and 0.71 respectively in the pilot and national study. The most common self-reported oral problem was toothache, which was statistically significantly higher in the national sample. Conclusions: The Nepali C-OIDP index is valid and reliable for measuring oral impacts on daily performance among schoolchildren of Nepal

Oral health status associated with sociodemographic factors of Nepalese schoolchildren:a population-based study

Abstract Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the oral health of Nepalese schoolchildren relative to their sociodemographic characteristics. Methods: This school‐based, cross‐sectional study was conducted among 5–6‐, 12‐ and 15‐year‐old Nepalese children in 18 randomly selected districts of the 75 in Nepal. Clinical parameters were recorded according to the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Results were presented as mean (SD) and proportions; the chi‐square test, t‐test and one way‐ANOVA were also performed. The risk of dental caries in association with the place of residence was presented according to the outcome of a binary logistic regression analysis. Results: The mean d‐value for the 5–6‐year‐old children was 5.0 (4.22), which was higher than the mean D‐values for the 12‐ and 15‐year‐old subjects, of 1.3 (1.77) and 1.9 (2.28), respectively. The youngest children, as well as children from the Kathmandu Valley, were likely to have more untreated caries lesions than children in the other age groups. The mean number of teeth with severe consequences of dental caries (pulpitis/ulceration/fistula/abscess or pufa/PUFA) was 1.3 (1.91) for the 5–6‐year‐old children, 0.1 (0.35) for the 12‐year‐old children and 0.3 (0.75) for the 15‐year‐old children. All age groups had gingival bleeding on probing in more than 15% of teeth. Children from rural locations had significantly more gingival bleeding than urban children. The same was true for 15‐year‐old girls compared with boys of the same age. Conclusions: Among Nepalese children, oral diseases are common, and geographical variation is prevalent. The health policy should address the alarming oral health situation and need for urgent treatment and population‐based preventive programmes that is evident in Nepal