The independence of neutral and ionized gas outflows in low-z galaxies

Using a large sample of emission line galaxies selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, we investigate the kinematics of the neutral gas in the interstellar medium (ISM) based on the Na I$\lambda\lambda$5890,5896 (Na D) doublet absorption line. By removing the Na D contribution from stellar atmospheres, we isolate the line profile of the Na D excess, which represents the neutral gas in the ISM. The kinematics traced by the Na D excess show high velocity and velocity dispersion for a fraction of galaxies, indicating the presence of neutral gas outflows. We find that the kinematics measured from the Na D excess are similar between AGNs and star-forming galaxies. Moreover, by comparing the kinematics traced by the Na D excess and those by the [O III]$\lambda$5007 line taken from Woo et al. (2017), which traces ionized outflows driven by AGNs, we find no correlation between them. These results demonstrate that the neutral gas in the ISM traced by the Na D excess and the ionized gas traced by [O III] are kinematically independent, and AGN has no impact on the neutral gas outflows. In contrast to [O III], we find that the measured line-of-sight velocity shift and velocity dispersion of the Na D excess increase for more face-on galaxies due to the projection effect, supporting that Na D outflows are radially driven (i.e., perpendicular to the major axis of galaxies), presumably due to star formation.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures; Accepted for publication in ApJ, corrected the titl

Additional file 1 of Effect of arsenic on the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Supplementary Material 1: Search strategy for electronic databases

Supplementary document for Digital image correlation-assisted phase-sensitive optical coherence tomography - 6788938.pdf

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Supplementary document for Digital image correlation-assisted phase-sensitive optical coherence tomography - 6788938.pdf

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Efficacy and safety of generic cefoperazone/sulbactam versus branded cefoperazone/sulbactam in the treatment of bacterial infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis

This study aim to assess the clinical efficacy and safety of generic cefoperazone/sulbactam compared to the branded cefoperazone/sulbactam (Sulperazon) in treating bacterial infections through a meta-analysis. Searches were conducted across PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, WanFang, VIP databases, and Clinical Trials database, resulting in the inclusion of 11 studies comprising 7 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 4 retrospective cohort studies (RCSs). Meta-analysis of the RCTs indicated no statistical differences in clinical success rates, clinical cure rates, microbiological eradication rates, and incidence of adverse reactions between the generic cefoperazone/sulbactam and the branded version. Findings from the RCSs aligned with those from the RCTs, demonstrating that generic versions of cefoperazone/sulbactam are equivalent in efficacy and safety to their branded counterparts in treating bacterial infections.</p

High-Performance Integrated rGO-[Polymeric Ionic Liquid] [Heteropolyanions] for Catalytic Degradation of Azo Dyes

Polymeric ionic liquid (such as poly[ViEtIm]Br)-modified reduced graphene oxide (rGO), rGO-poly[ViEtIm]Br, was nominated as an open carrier to construct a degradation platform. The large specific surface of rGO together with the anion-exchange property of poly[ViEtIm]Br terminals led to the wide growth of heteropolyanions (like [PW12O40]3–, [PMo12O40]3–, and [SiW12O40]4–), thus assembling the integrated catalyst rGO-poly[ViEtIm][heteropolyanions]. The grafted poly[ViEtIm]Br provided an anchor point to interlink the polar heteropolyanions and the nonpolar rGO substrate, endowing this graphene-based catalyst with excellent dispersibility. The adequate exposure of heteropolyanions further promoted the decolorization capability during the degradation procedure. Morphology, structure, and properties of materials were confirmed and monitored via transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy, etc. rGO-poly[ViEtIm][PW12O40] was selected as the optimal catalyst with degradation efficiency toward methyl orange reaching 98.7% in 3 h. In addition, the excellent structural stability of the catalyst improved the decolorization efficiency, which reached 95% after recycling five times

Fluorinated Reduced Graphene Oxide as an Efficient Hole-Transport Layer for Efficient and Stable Polymer Solar Cells

In this work, we have rationally designed and successfully synthesized a reduced graphene oxide (GO) functionalized with fluorine atoms (F-rGO) as a hole-transport layer (HTL) for polymer solar cells (PSCs). The resultant F-rGO has an excellent dispersibility in dimethylformamide without any surfactants, leading to a good film-forming property of F-rGO for structuring a stable interface. The recovery of conjugated CC bonds in GO oxide after reduction increases the conductivity of F-rGO, which enhances the short-circuit current density of photovoltaic devices from 15.65 to 16.89 mA/cm². A higher work function (WF) (5.1 eV) of F-rGO than that of GO (4.9 eV) is attributed to the fluorine group with a high electronegativity. Naturally, the better-matched WF with the highest occupied molecular orbital level of the PTB7-Th (5.22 eV) donor induces an improved energy alignment in devices, resulting in a superior open-circuit voltage of the device (0.776 vs 0.786 V). Consequently, the device with F-rGO as the HTL achieves a higher power conversion efficiency (8.6%) with long-term stability than that of the devices with GO HTLs and even higher than that of the poly­(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly­(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT/PSS) control device. These results clearly verify that the F-rGO is a promising hole-transport material and an ideal replacement for conventional PEDOT/PSS, further promoting the realization of low-cost, solution-processed, high-performance, and high-stability PSCs

Altered DNA methylation patterns of 15 variant MSAP bands in the grafted tomato or eggplant scions, their predicted functional homology and their inheritance to selfed progenies.

<p>Altered DNA methylation patterns of 15 variant MSAP bands in the grafted tomato or eggplant scions, their predicted functional homology and their inheritance to selfed progenies.</p

Inter-Species Grafting Caused Extensive and Heritable Alterations of DNA Methylation in <i>Solanaceae</i> Plants

<div><p>Background</p><p>Grafting has been extensively used to enhance the performance of horticultural crops. Since Charles Darwin coined the term “graft hybrid” meaning that asexual combination of different plant species may generate products that are genetically distinct, highly discrepant opinions exist supporting or against the concept. Recent studies have documented that grafting enables exchanges of both RNA and DNA molecules between the grafting partners, thus providing a molecular basis for grafting-induced genetic variation. DNA methylation is known as prone to alterations as a result of perturbation of internal and external conditions. Given characteristics of grafting, it is interesting to test whether the process may cause an alteration of this epigenetic marker in the grafted organismal products.</p><p>Methodology/Principal Findings</p><p>We analyzed relative global DNA methylation levels and locus-specific methylation patterns by the MSAP marker and locus-specific bisulfite-sequencing in the seed plants (wild-type controls), self- and hetero-grafted scions/rootstocks, selfed progenies of scions and their seed-plant controls, involving three <i>Solanaceae</i> species. We quantified expression of putative genes involved in establishing and/or maintaining DNA methylation by q-(RT)-PCR. We found that (1) hetero-grafting caused extensive alteration of DNA methylation patterns in a locus-specific manner, especially in scions, although relative methylation levels remain largely unaltered; (2) the altered methylation patterns in the hetero-grafting-derived scions could be inherited to sexual progenies with some sites showing further alterations or revisions; (3) hetero-grafting caused dynamic changes in steady-state transcript abundance of genes encoding for a set of enzymes functionally relevant to DNA methylation.</p><p>Conclusions/Significance</p><p>Our results demonstrate that inter-species grafting in plants could produce extensive and heritable alterations in DNA methylation. We suggest that these readily altered, yet heritable, epigenetic modifications due to interspecies hetero-grafting may shed one facet of insight into the molecular underpinnings for the still contentious concept of graft hybrid.</p></div