Efecto de la temperatura y la irradiancia sobre el crecimiento, la propagación vegetativa y la actividad fotosintética del alga invasora Rugulopteryx okamurae (Dictyotales, Ochrophyta).

Ayuda Plan propio de Investigación de la Universidad de Málaga. Proyecto Rugulopteryx. Fundación Biodiversidad. MITECO.The invasive algae Rugulopteryx okamurae (Dictyotales, Ochrophyta) is producing recently important blooms in southern Spain, affecting biodiversity, fishing industry and tourism. For this reason, it is essential to identify the factors that determine the high invasiveness. In this context, the objective of this study focuses on determining the effect of temperature and irradiance on growth, vegetative propagation and photosynthetic activity of R. okamurae. Apical and interdichotomous fragments of thallus were cultivated under different temperatures (14 and 22 °C) and irradiances (35 and 70 µmol photons m-2 s-1) under controlled laboratory conditions. The effects of these treatments were studied on the relative growth rate, propagules proliferation and the photosynthetic activity expressed as fluorescence of chlorophyll a. Results show that the growth capacity of the thallus depends on the presence or not of the apical cells in the thallus, and that their presence, determines the potential of the thallus for vegetative propagation. Moreover, it has been observed that conditions of low temperature and irradiance favour the propagation capacity of the species, as well as its photosynthetic activity. These results are of great interest to understand the invasive behaviour of the species, since they allow us to identify, on the one hand, the breakdown of thallus as a propagation mechanism of the species that favours the recruitment of new clone individuals, and, on the other hand, to determine that this capacity is active in the annual thermal range of the invaded region.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Nutrients and temperature affect growth and photosynthesis of invasive seaweed Rugulopteryx okamurae.

Since Rugulopteryx okamurae was identified in 2016 on Spanish coasts, it is producing massive proliferations causing a homogenization on the marine ecosystem and economic impacts. In order to achieve an efficient management of the invasive species, the knowledge of basic aspects of its biology, such as the role of environmental factors on its growth and photosynthetic activity is essential. In this context, the objective of the present work was to determine the combined effects of nutrients and temperature of growth and photosynthesis of three seasonally observed morphotypes of R. okamurae, under controlled laboratory conditions. Wild thalli of R. okamurae cultivated for 21 days under four combinations of nutrients concentration (NO3- and PO43-) and temperature (15, 19 and 23 °C). Relative growth rates and photosynthetic parameters estimated from oxygen evolution measurements were determined. The results show that nutrient and temperature are factors that could influence on growth and photosynthesis of the invasive species with differences among morphotypes. These results can be related to the observed seasonal variations of the production of R. okamurae and natural cyclic fluctuations of nutrients, which will allow us to identify the vulnerability windows of this species.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Efecto de los nutrientes y la temperatura sobre el crecimiento y la fotosíntesis del alga invasora Rugulopteryx okamurae (Dictyotales, Ochrophyta)

Efecto de los nutrientes y la temperatura sobre el crecimiento y la fotosíntesis del alga invasora Rugulopteryx okamurae (Dictyotales, Ochrophyta)Fundación Biodiversidad-MITECO. Proyecto RUGULOPTERYX Proyecto FEDER Universidad de Málaga-Plan Propio de Investigació

Rugulopteryx okamurae (Dictyotales, Ochrophyta): the first invasive alien seaweed of Union concern and what we know about it in Spain.

The Strait of Gibraltar was the site where an invasive Rugulopteryx okamurae event was first recorded in 2015, with Spain being the first country to suffer the environmental and socioeconomic impacts of this species. Since then, the species has expanded its distribution range both towards the Mediterranean and the Atlantic, which has led to its inclusion in the list of species of Union concern in 2021. So far, the species is present in Spain, Morocco, French Mediterranean coast, Southern Portugal, Azores, Madeira and Canary Islands, in chronological order of its expansion. Efficient management of the species requires a thorough knowledge of the species biology, ecology and interaction with native communities, as well as an economic estimate of its impact. This communication, which opens a workshop focused on R. okamurae, will review the response of the Spanish administration to the invasion of the species as well as the advances made to understand the high invasiveness of the species. Different research projects have focused on identifying the temporal and spatial invasiveness windows. Time of maximal invasiveness has been identified through the study of the vegetative and reproductive phenology of the species on two different communities, Posidonia oceanica meadow and a photophilous algae community, to identified moments of maximal recruitment and production. Spatial windows have been identified with distribution models at different scales. In addition, results on the socioeconomic impact of the species on the fishing sector and for the management of the affected beaches will be shown.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Identificación de ventanas temporales de invasividad del alga invasora Rugulopteryx okamurae (Dictyotales, Ochrophyta) sobre una pradera de Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile

Las invasiones biológicas constituyen una de las principales amenazas en la pérdida de biodiversidad. Desde el año 2015, las costas del Estrecho de Gibraltar se ven afectadas por la invasión del alga asiática Rugulopteryx okamurae. Esta especie está produciendo importantes impactos económicos sobre el sector pesquero, a la vez que impactos ambientales, afectando a comunidades de interés como las de las fanerógamas marinas. El conocimiento de aspectos básicos de su biología, así como su relación con las especies nativas, pueden suponer una importante herramienta para su gestión. Por ello, el objetivo de este estudio es identificar las ventanas temporales de mayor y menor invasividad de la especie sobre una pradera de Posidonia oceanica, y determinar los principales factores ambientales de los que depende. Este objetivo se aborda mediante un estudio estacional de la actividad vegetativa, reproductiva y fisiológica de R. okamurae en una pradera de P. oceanica de la costa de Granada. Para ello, de manera bimensual se recogieron mediante buceo con escafandra autónoma muestras de superficie conocida de R. okamurae sobre P. oceanica. En el laboratorio las muestras fueron procesadas para el análisis poblacional (distribución de frecuencias de tallas), análisis de frecuencia de estructuras de reproducción y multiplicación vegetativa (monosporas asexuales, tetrasporas y propágulos), así como de parámetros fotosintéticos obtenidos a partir de curvas P-I con electrodos de oxígeno. Los resultados revelan variaciones estacionales en la abundancia vegetativa y reproductiva de R. okamurae, que permiten identificar una ventana de elevada invasividad del taxon sobre P. oceanica en los meses más frío.Fundación Biodiversidad, MITECO Fondos FEDER Universidad de Málag

Development of disinfection protocols for fishing gear to minimize the impact of invasive seaweed Rugulopteryx okamurae (Dictyotales, Ochrophyta).

Since its identification in the Strait of Gibraltar in 2016, the asiatic brown seaweed Rugulopteryx okamurae has produced unprecedented environmental impacts. But what has caught the attention of public administrations and the media has been the millionaire economic impacts it produces on the fishing sector and for beach management. The Spanish national strategy for the control of the species has identified the fishing sector not only as the main sector affected by the species, but also as a key player in controlling its dispersal. Huge amounts of R. okamurae biomass are trapped in fishing gear, which facilitates its dispersal if it is not cleaned and disinfected before being used in other areas. For this reason, the complicity of the fishing sector in the fight against the species is urgent, as well as the development of protocols for disinfecting fishing gear to minimize the potential of fishing activities to disperse the species accidentally. This paper will show on the one hand the collaborations carried out with the fishing sector to work together in the management of the species, and on the other hand the results of different laboratory experiments for the development of fishing gear disinfection protocols. These experiments have been carried out by studying the effects on R. okamurae photosynthesis, estimated as fluorescence measurements, of different treatments combining different chemical products, at different concentrations and application time, as well as physical stress factors such as osmotic shocks and high irradiance. All this to identify treatments that guarantee a mortality of the species above 90% in the shortest possible time, with the lowest economic cost and as innocuous as possible for the userUniversidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech. Proyecto RUGULOPTERYX, Fundación Biodiversidad Proyecto FEDRJA-00

Intervención educativa sobre cuidado espiritual para estudiantes de licenciatura en enfermería y obstetricia

For nursing students, training in spiritual care is essential to identify and satisfy their own spiritual needs and those of the people they will care for; the spiritual dimension is inherent to the human being, and to address it requires knowledge that leads to reflection and interest in care from an integral perspective.Para los estudiantes de enfermería es indispensable la formación en el cuidado espiritual para identificar y satisfacer las propias necesidades espirituales y las de las personas que cuidarán, la dimensión espiritual es inherente al ser humano, para abordarla se requieren conocimientos que lleven a la reflexión e interés en la atención desde una perspectiva integral

Arguments to consider Rugulopteryx okamurae (Dictyotales, Ochrophyta) the potential first seaweed species to be included in the lists of invasive species of European Union concern

In 2015 a new exotic seaweed with invasive behaviour was detected at the Strait of Gibraltar (western Mediterranean), which was morphological and genetically identified as Rugulopteryx okamurae. Due to its rapid expansion and remarkable ecological, economic, and social impacts, the species was included in the Spanish Checklist of exotic invasive species. However, distribution models of the species identified other European coasts as favourable for this new invader. In this presentation we provide scientific arguments for the inclusion of R. okamurae in the list of invasive species of European Union concern, becoming the first seaweed species to be included in that list.Fundación Biodiversidad-Miteco. Universidad de Málaga (Plan propio de investigación). Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Dental crowding: a review

Dental crowding is a frequent characteristic of dental malocclusion and is the reduction in the perimeter of the arch that can manifest as space closure, rotation and/or movement of the teeth. The temporary dentition is important as it guides the eruption of the permanent teeth, thus establishing the ideal occlusion; the lack of spaces can cause disproportionate sizes between the jaws and the permanent teeth. Treatment options include the orthopedic phase and orthodontic phase in which the extraction of teeth may or may not be necessary. Timely treatment with personalized planning helps us achieve correct dental occlusion, which is essential for good chewing and correct passage of the bolus, in addition to playing an important role for phonation and the aesthetic results for the patient.

Keys to understand the invasive success of Rugulopteryx okamurae (Dictyotales, Ochrophyta).

Since its first records in the Strait of Gibraltar in 2015, the Pacific brown algae Rugulopteryx okamurae has produced important environmental and socioeconomic impacts that have attracted media attention to a seaweed in Spain for the first time and have led to its inclusion in the Spanish checklist of invasive alien species. Since then, this research group has studied the basic biology and the potential distribution of the species, the results of which are part of the present communication in the body of theoretical knowledge of invasion hypotheses. To begin with, the species exhibits a series of vegetative, reproductive and physiological attributes that confer it a high invasiveness. Morphologically the species is an example of a cryptic invasion due to its similarity with native species of the genus Dictyota; furthermore, the species exhibits seasonal changes in its morphology, alternating thin, thick and intermediate thalli, that altogether make its correct identification difficult. Although sexual cycle of the species has not been confirmed yet in its introduced area, it is able to maintain a rapid and abundant recruitment of new clonal individuals along the year, by vegetative propagules and asexual monospores, which produce a constant propagule pressure. Furthermore, it presents a high adaptation capacity to a wide range of the main environmental factors such as temperature, light and nutrients, that allows it colonizing a wide bathymetric and community range. To this we must add the high invasibility of ecosystems that are suffering for more than 20 years an invational meltdown process, due to previous arrivals of other invasive species of macroalgae, such as those of the genus Asparagopsis and Caulerpa racemosa, that have altered their functions and the resources availability. All this together with a high environmental favorability of the Mediterranean Sea and European Atlantic coasts, explain the wide potential distribution area of the species.FUNDACIÓN BIODIVERSIDAD, MITECO FONDOS FEDER UNIVERSIDAD DE MÁLAG