Paying the Price: The Impact of Immigration Raids on America's Children

Examines the immediate and long-term impact of worksite immigration raids on children with undocumented parents at three sites, including on their care, housing, economic hardship, and mental health, as well as community response. Makes recommendations

Resolving SNR 0540-6944 from LMC X-1 with Chandra

We examine the supernova remnant (SNR) 0540-697 in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) using data from the Chandra ACIS. The X-ray emission from this SNR had previously been hidden in the bright emission of nearby X-ray binary LMC X-1; however, new observations with Chandra can finally reveal the SNR's structure and spectrum. We find the SNR to be a thick-shelled structure about 19 pc in diameter, with a brightened northeast region. Spectral results suggest a temperature of 0.31 keV and an X-ray luminosity (0.3-3.0 keV) of 8.4 x 10^33 erg/s. We estimate an age of 12,000-20,000 yr for this SNR, but note that this estimate does not take into account the possibility of cavity expansion or other environmental effects.Comment: 8 pages, 2 GIF figures. Submitted to ApJL. Replaced with minor revisions from referee comment

Punishing The Bankruptcy Fraudsters: What Can Indonesia Learn from United States of America?

Bankruptcy is a system that was created to provide financially distressed debtors relief from their debts while providing the creditors with a fair portion of the debtors’ assets. Unfortunately, certain parties might attempt to beat the system unfairly. The goals of this study are to compare Title 18 United States Code with Indonesia’s legal system regarding bankruptcy fraud and how the Indonesian bankruptcy law ought to be in regulating bankruptcy fraud. This research is qualitative, using a black letter method and legal comparative approach. The result of this study shows that Indonesian bankruptcy law does not regulate provisions regarding bankruptcy fraud as comprehensive as Title 18 United States Code. It is suggested that the Indonesian government amends the bankruptcy law, therefore the public’s confidence in the bankruptcy system can be preserved while providing a deterrence effect for the participants who might exploit the bankruptcy system for their advantages. Keywords: bankruptcy; bankruptcy crime; fraud; white collar crim

The Rationalization of Debt Discharge Policy for Individual Debtors in Indonesian Bankruptcy Regime

The Indonesian bankruptcy regime tends to be harsh to the debtors, especially the individual debtors. In contrast, the creditors possess the right to pursue the debtor’s outstanding debts even after the bankruptcy process. For that reason, this article aims to argue why it is rational for the Indonesian government to implement a debt discharge policy in the Indonesian bankruptcy regime. This article employs a normative research method, using a conceptual and comparative approach. The result of this study is based on the debtor cooperation theory and the humanitarian theory of debt discharge. Hence, it is rational for the Indonesian government to implement a debt discharge policy for individual debtors. The first and second Sila of Pancasila is also in line with these theories. Consequently, as a member of society, the individual debtor should be treated with dignity and humane values, which includes debt forgiveness. Nevertheless, not every debtor is deserves to be discharged from his debts. Therefore, it is rational for the Indonesian government to implement the debt discharge policy in the amendment of Indonesian bankruptcy law to protect the honest but unfortunate individual debtors

The cost-utility of telemedicine to screen for diabetic retinopathy in India.

PURPOSE: To assess the cost-effectiveness of a telemedicine diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening program in rural Southern India that conducts 1-off screening camps (i.e., screening offered once) in villages and to assess the incremental cost-effectiveness ratios of different screening intervals. DESIGN: A cost-utility analysis using a Markov model. PARTICIPANTS: A hypothetical cohort of 1000 rural diabetic patients aged 40 years who had not been previously screened for DR and who were followed over a 25-year period in Chennai, India. METHODS: We interviewed 249 people with diabetes using the time trade-off method to estimate utility values associated with DR. Patient and provider costs of telemedicine screening and hospital-based DR treatment were estimated through interviews with 100 diabetic patients, sampled when attending screening in rural camps (n = 50) or treatment at the base hospital in Chennai (n = 50), and with program and hospital managers. The sensitivity and specificity of the DR screening test were assessed in comparison with diagnosis using a gold standard method for 346 diabetic patients. Other model parameters were derived from the literature. A Markov model was developed in TreeAge Pro 2009 (TreeAge Software Inc, Williamstown, MA) using these data. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained from the current teleophthalmology program of 1-off screening in comparison with no screening program and the cost-utility of this program at different screening intervals. RESULTS: By using the World Health Organization threshold of cost-effectiveness, the current rural teleophthalmology program was cost-effective ($1320 per QALY) compared with no screening from a health provider perspective. Screening intervals of up to a frequency of screening every 2 years also were cost-effective, but annual screening was not (>$3183 per QALY). From a societal perspective, telescreening up to a frequency of once every 5 years was cost-effective, but not more frequently. CONCLUSIONS: From a health provider perspective, a 1-off DR telescreening program is cost-effective compared with no screening in this rural Indian setting. Increasing the frequency of screening up to 2 years also is cost-effective. The results are dependent on the administrative costs of establishing and maintaining screening at regular intervals and on achieving sufficient coverage

Ordinary and Extraordinary Hadrons

Resonances and enhancements in meson-meson scattering can be divided into two classes distinguished by their behavior as the number of colors N_c in QCD becomes large: The first are ordinary mesons that become stable as N_c goes to infinity. This class includes textbook q-bar q mesons as well as glueballs and hybrids. The second class, extraordinary mesons, are enhancements that disappear as N_c goes to infinity; they subside into the hadronic continuum. This class includes indistinct and controversial objects that have been classified as q-bar q-bar q q mesons or meson-meson molecules. Pelaez's study of the N_c dependence of unitarized chiral dynamics illustrates both classes: the p-wave pi-pi and K-pi resonances, the rho(770) and K*(892), behave as ordinary mesons; the s-wave pi-pi and K-pi enhancements, the sigma(600) and kappa(800), behave like extraordinary mesons. Ordinary mesons resemble Feshbach resonances while extraordinary mesons look more like effects due to potentials in meson-meson scattering channels. I build and explore toy models along these lines. Finally I discuss some related dynamical issues affecting the interpretation of extraordinary mesons.Comment: 18 pages, 10 figures, talk presented at the 2006 Yukawa International Seminar: New Frontiers in QCD, Kyoto University, November 2006. This talk is dedicated to the memory of R. H. Dalit