Multi-input distributed classifiers for synthetic genetic circuits

For practical construction of complex synthetic genetic networks able to perform elaborate functions it is important to have a pool of relatively simple "bio-bricks" with different functionality which can be compounded together. To complement engineering of very different existing synthetic genetic devices such as switches, oscillators or logical gates, we propose and develop here a design of synthetic multiple input distributed classifier with learning ability. Proposed classifier will be able to separate multi-input data, which are inseparable for single input classifiers. Additionally, the data classes could potentially occupy the area of any shape in the space of inputs. We study two approaches to classification, including hard and soft classification and confirm the schemes of genetic networks by analytical and numerical results

Distribution and habitat preference of the Ortolan Bunting in the Czech Republic

The Ortolan Bunting (Emberiza hortulana) is a farmland bird species, whose population size has declined very sharply in recent decades, especia ll y in Western and Central European countries. The aim of our study in 2015 was to record where the last populations of this critically endangered species in the Czech Republic are located and also what habitat the species associated with. We examined nine areas (925 km2 in total). Two main areas of occurrence (surface mines in northern Bohemia and farmland landscape of Silesia) and two small isolated populations in central Bohemia were registered for this species. In contrast, observations in some traditional areas of its occurence (České středohoří in northern Bohemia, Hovorany-Čejkovice region in southe r n Moravia and Javoricko region in Silesia) were negative. Altogether, we counted 75-79 singing males. Our estimation of the size of the Czech population in 2015 is 75-100 singing males, which indicates further population decline compared to the last mapping in 2001-2003. Furthermore, habitat associat io ns were investigated at two spatial scales and we made habitat compar is o n between farmland and post-mining landscape. Our research highlights a high degree of flexibility in habitat selection of Ortolan Bunting and also positive association with high..

Hard classification technique.

<p><i>P</i>₁, <i>P</i>₂, <i>P</i>₃—positive classes of individual linear classifiers, <i>D</i>—negative class of the collective classifier.</p

Soft learning algorithm.

<p>Soft learning algorithm.</p

Hard learning algorithm.

<p>Hard learning algorithm.</p