On the 4D generalized Proca action for an Abelian vector field

We summarize previous results on the most general Proca theory in 4 dimensions containing only first-order derivatives in the vector field (second-order at most in the associated St\"uckelberg scalar) and having only three propagating degrees of freedom with dynamics controlled by second-order equations of motion. Discussing the Hessian condition used in previous works, we conjecture that, as in the scalar galileon case, the most complete action contains only a finite number of terms with second-order derivatives of the St\"uckelberg field describing the longitudinal mode, which is in agreement with the results of JCAP 1405, 015 (2014) and Phys. Lett. B 757, 405 (2016) and complements those of JCAP 1602, 004 (2016). We also correct and complete the parity violating sector, obtaining an extra term on top of the arbitrary function of the field $A_\mu$, the Faraday tensor $F_{\mu \nu}$ and its Hodge dual $\tilde{F}_{\mu \nu}$.Comment: LaTeX file in jcappub style, 11 pages, no figures. v2: Minor changes according to the referee requirements. A new parity-violating term in the Lagrangian has been uncovered and the text has been changed accordingly. The conclusions are, essentially, unchanged. v3: Miscellaneous changes. Version to be published in Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physic

Diplomado de Profundización CISCO, Prueba de Habilidades Prácticas CCNP

NoEn el siguiente escenario representa el fruto del aprendizaje en las diferentes practicas simuladas en la plataforma CISCO Networking Academy, en la plataforma Netcad para desarrollar toda la temática diseñada por la UNAD para optar por el título de Ingeniero electrónico. El desarrolla de dos escenarios en el programa GNS3, con máquina virtual, Reuter, configurar plataformas, de comunicaciones, con switches, ruoters, Pcs configurar las VLANs en escenarios corporativos, configuraciones de ruoter con direccionamiento IPV6, IPV4 con protocolos OSPF, BGP entre otrosThe following scenario represents the fruit of learning in the different simulated practices on the CISCO Networking Academy platform, on the Netcad platform to develop all the themes designed by UNAD to opt for the title of Electronic Engineer. He develops two scenarios in the GNS3 program, with a virtual machine, Router, configuring platforms, communications, with switches, routers, PCs, configuring VLANs in corporate scenarios, router configurations with IPV6, IPV4 addressing with OSPF, BGP protocols, among others

Problemática legal y social asociada a los procesos y procedimientos relacionados con delitos sexuales.

En el presente estudio de investigación, se abordará la problemática legal y social asociada a los procesos y procedimientos relacionados con delitos sexuales. Se señala que las deficiencias normativas, la carencia de procedimientos institucionales y los prejuicios sociales pueden perjudicar los derechos de los posibles responsables, ya que, en ocasiones, no se cumple con el principio constitucional de legalidad y la presunción de inocencia. Es por estas circunstancias que se considera imperativa una modificación en la administración de justicia, con la colaboración del Estado y teniendo en cuenta las carencias de la sociedad actual, para garantizar una aplicación justa de la ley.UNIVERSIDAD LIBRE - FACULTAD DE DERECHO - ESPECIALIZACIÓN DERECHO PROCESALIn this research study, the legal and social problems associated with the processes and procedures related to sexual crimes. It is pointed out that the regulatory deficiencies, the Lack of institutional procedures and social prejudices can harm the rights of possible responsible parties, since, sometimes, the constitutional principle of legality and the presumption of innocence. It is for these circumstances that it is considered imperative a modification in the administration of justice, with the collaboration of the State and taking into account the shortcomings of today's society, to guarantee fair application of the law

Evaluación de la resistencia a la compresión, tracción y flexión del concreto reforzado con sikafiber cho 65/35 nb en elementos horizontales sobre terreno, Trujillo, 2023

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene por objetivo evaluar la resistencia de concretos para estructuras horizontales sobre terreno reforzados con SikaFiber CHO 65/35 NB sometidos a compresión, tracción y flexión, debido a que en los últimos años las fibras han aparecido como una tecnología emergente para el sector construcción, las cuales han aportado soluciones a los diferentes perfiles que se requiere del concreto. Esta investigación pertenece a un estudio de tipo experimental, de corte cuasi experimental y tipo aplicada, se considera una muestra de 72 probetas cilíndricas y 12 probetas tipo viga. Como técnica de recolección de datos se empleará la observación, la técnica de muestreo es de tipo no probabilística por juicio de experto, y tiene como instrumentos a las guías de observación, con lo cual se obtuvo como resultado que las fibras SikaFiber CHO 65/35 NB influyen positivamente en la resistencia a la flexión del concreto, estas aumentan la resistencia a la flexión hasta un 37 % con una dosificación de 7 kg/m3, con respecto a un concreto tradicional. Como conclusión se obtuvo que la influencia de las fibras SikaFiber CHO 65/35 NB en el concreto se da específicamente en la resistencia a la flexión, de acuerdo a una dosificación optima, sin embargo, puede afectar a las propiedades mecánicas de resistencia a la compresión y tracción del concret

An application of statistics to comparative metagenomics

BACKGROUND: Metagenomics, sequence analyses of genomic DNA isolated directly from the environments, can be used to identify organisms and model community dynamics of a particular ecosystem. Metagenomics also has the potential to identify significantly different metabolic potential in different environments. RESULTS: Here we use a statistical method to compare curated subsystems, to predict the physiology, metabolism, and ecology from metagenomes. This approach can be used to identify those subsystems that are significantly different between metagenome sequences. Subsystems that were overrepresented in the Sargasso Sea and Acid Mine Drainage metagenome when compared to non-redundant databases were identified. CONCLUSION: The methodology described herein applies statistics to the comparisons of metabolic potential in metagenomes. This analysis reveals those subsystems that are more, or less, represented in the different environments that are compared. These differences in metabolic potential lead to several testable hypotheses about physiology and metabolism of microbes from these ecosystems

Shooting Down Hijacked Airplanes? Sorry, We’re Humanists. A Comment on the German Constitutional Court Decision of 2.15.2006, Regarding the Luftsicherheitsgesetz (2005 Air Security Act)

The article analyzes a very remarkable decision of the Constitutional Court of Germany that struck down a law (2005 Air Security Law) that expressly authorized the federal government to shoot down hijacked airplanes, in case they were likely to be crashed against a target on the ground. The Court ruled that deliberately killing innocent people on board is incompatible with the right to human dignity, as established in the Basic Law. The article focuses on some of the main issues addressed by the Court (among others, the absolutization of human dignity, which makes unconstitutional for the legislature and for the executive to weigh between the lives of the passengers on board an the lives of the victims of the crash), and tries to situate it in the context of the German and European case law on antiterrorism and human rights