Frequência e duração do ciclo estral e do estro em caprinos sem raça definida (SRD) no nordeste tropical do Brasil

In a one-year study conducted in the tropical, semi-and region of Northeast of Brazil, 30 genetically non-descript (SRD) does, 1.5 - 2.0year old, were grazed on native range (2.3 ha/head/year) with ad libitum water, salt and bone meal. Fourteen goats were supplemented with green chopped elephant grass (P. purpureum Schum.) at the proportion of 2% dry matter in relation to the mean body weight of goats, during the most critical part of the dry season (November 2 to February 26). The remaining 16 goats served as controls. The 480estrous cycles and 511 estrous period lengths were compared for the wet season (February 27 to July 10) and dry season (July 11 to February 26) as well as for level of feed. The incidence of estrus classified by month was evenly distributed throughout the year with a mean of 8.3% and 7% to 9.8% range (P>0.05) monthly variation. The average lengths of estrous periods were 55.8 vs 57.4 hours (P>0.05) and the estrous cycles 20.9 vs 21.5 days (P>0.05) for non-supplemented and supplemented groups, respectively. The same traits between wet and dry seasons were 62.0 vs 51.2 hours (P0,05). A duração média do estro foi de 55.8 e 57,4 horas (P>0,05), e a do ciclo estral foi de 20$ e 21,5 dias (P>0,05) para as cabras não suplementadas e suplementadas, respectivamente. A duração do estro foi de 62,0 e 51.2 horas (P <0,05) e do ciclo estral de 20,6 e 21,8 dias (P<0,06) para as estações chuvosa e seca, respectivamente

The management of acute venous thromboembolism in clinical practice - study rationale and protocol of the European PREFER in VTE Registry

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major health problem, with over one million events every year in Europe. However, there is a paucity of data on the current management in real life, including factors influencing treatment pathways, patient satisfaction, quality of life (QoL), and utilization of health care resources and the corresponding costs. The PREFER in VTE registry has been designed to address this and to understand medical care and needs as well as potential gaps for improvement. Methods/design: The PREFER in VTE registry was a prospective, observational, multicenter study conducted in seven European countries including Austria, France Germany, Italy, Spain, Switzerland, and the UK to assess the characteristics and the management of patients with VTE, the use of health care resources, and to provide data to estimate the costs for 12 months treatment following a first-time and/or recurrent VTE diagnosed in hospitals or specialized or primary care centers. In addition, existing anticoagulant treatment patterns, patient pathways, clinical outcomes, treatment satisfaction, and health related QoL were documented. The centers were chosen to reflect the care environment in which patients with VTE are managed in each of the participating countries. Patients were eligible to be enrolled into the registry if they were at least 18 years old, had a symptomatic, objectively confirmed first time or recurrent acute VTE defined as either distal or proximal deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism or both. After the baseline visit at the time of the acute VTE event, further follow-up documentations occurred at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. Follow-up data was collected by either routinely scheduled visits or by telephone calls. Results: Overall, 381 centers participated, which enrolled 3,545 patients during an observational period of 1 year. Conclusion: The PREFER in VTE registry will provide valuable insights into the characteristics of patients with VTE and their acute and mid-term management, as well as into drug utilization and the use of health care resources in acute first-time and/or recurrent VTE across Europe in clinical practice. Trial registration: Registered in DRKS register, ID number: DRKS0000479