Body Control Module using the SAM-V71 development board

The Body Control Module is one of the main devices inside a car since it is responsible of the critical aspects for the correct function of the vehicle including the safety and comfort of all passengers. However, these features come at a high cost. Therefore, the aim of this project was to perform a BCM capable of executing the basic functions of a commercial module in a car but with a lower cost. This was achieved using the SAMV71 development board and its embedded CAN protocol communication port and following the V-cycle which has two main branches: planning and integration of their parts and validation. This model facilitates keeping track of any progress during the development stage. The device successfully read analog and digital inputs, processed the information and sent it through the CAN bus for further processing. AUTOSAR was the standard used trough the development process, since it is the most employed in the automotive industry. It specifies that the software components shall be in layers, helping the process of integration and giving portability to the project. With this BCM it is possible to adapt a classic internal combustion engine car that lacks modern electronics to a battery electric vehicle

Association of IL1B -511C/-31T haplotype and Helicobacter pylori vacA genotypes with gastric ulcer and chronic gastritis

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The association between proinflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms and gastric diseases related to <it>Helicobacter pylori </it>varies by population and geographic area.</p> <p>Our objective was to determine if the <it>IL-1B </it>-<it>511 T>C </it>and -<it>31 C>T </it>polymorphisms and <it>H. pylori vacA </it>genotypes are associated with risk of chronic gastritis and gastric ulcer in a Mexican population.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We conducted endoscopic studies in 128 patients with symptoms of dyspepsia. We took two biopsies from the body, antrum, or ulcer edge from each patient, and classified our histopathological findings according to the Sydney System. <it>H. pylori </it>infection and <it>vacA </it>genotyping were accomplished via PCR from total DNA of the gastric biopsies. We confirmed the presence of anti-<it>H. pylori </it>serum IgG and IgM in 102 control subjects. In both case subjects and control subjects, the <it>IL-1B </it>-<it>511 T>C </it>polymorphism was genotyped by PCR-RFLPs and the <it>IL-1B -31 C>T </it>polymorphism was genotyped by pyrosequencing.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Sixty-two point seven (62.7%) of the 102 control subjects were <it>H. pylori-</it>seropositive. Among the case subjects, 100 were diagnosed with chronic gastritis and 28 with gastric ulcer. We found that 77% of the patients with chronic gastritis and 85.7% of the patients with gastric ulcer were <it>H. pylori-</it>positive. The predominant <it>H. pylori </it>genotype was <it>vacA s1m1 </it>(58.4%) and the most frequent subtype was <it>vacA s1</it>. The -<it>511 TC</it>, (rs16944 -511 T>C) genotype and the -<it>511C </it>allele were associated with chronic gastritis (OR = 3.1, 95% CI = 1.4-6.8 and OR = 3.0, 95% CI = 1.4-6.0, respectively). The subjects carrying -<it>31T </it>(rs1143627 -31 C>T) were found to be at a higher risk of having chronic gastritis (OR = 2.8, 95% CI = 1.3-5.8). The <it>IL-1B </it>-<it>511C/-31T </it>haplotype was associated with chronic gastritis (OR = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.2-3.8) but not with gastric ulcer.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The <it>H. pylori vacA </it>genotypes identified herein were similar to those reported for other regions of Mexico. The <it>vacA s1m1 </it>genotype was not associated with gastric ulcer. In the southern Mexican population, the <it>IL-1B -511C </it>and -<it>31T </it>alleles and the -<it>511C/-31T </it>and -<it>511T/-31T </it>haplotypes are associated with increased risk of chronic gastritis and gastric ulcer.</p