9 research outputs found
Public art murals program : As adopted report
50 pp. Bookmarks supplied by UO. Illus. Adopted December 8, 2004. Captured May 13, 2009.With regard to its
public art collection, including public art murals, the City acts as a patron of arts,
not as a regulator. This distinguishes this amendment from the old, broader
exemption for all murals that was found unconstitutional. [From the document
The Rise of the Intermediate level Institution in British Public Administration: the case of the Arts and Training
During the 1980s there was both centralization and decentralization in the British policy process. The centre was to be responsible for broad policy whilst the institutions in closest contact with those who consumed or used a service were to be responsible for implementation. This style was, in part, a reaction to the perception that organized interests acted as a severe restraint on the centre. Experience, however, demonstrated government's dependence on the cooperation of organized interests and their intermediate organizations. This article argues that effective policy-making requires the formation of intermediate organizations linking macro- and micro-institutions. These organizations are vital for communication, representation and negotiation and therefore they inevitably constrain the centre's freedom. Effective policy requires a partnership between the centre and sub-centre via intermediate institutions and these institutions are likely to become more important as decentralization continues. The role of intermediate institutions are explored via case studies of training and arts policy