Yield potential of onion genotypes in the Planicie Huasteca, Mexico

Objective: To identify new generation onion genotypes with high yield per unit that meet the bulb quality characteristics required by the export market. Design/Methodology/Approach: Eight onion hybrids with yellow bulb, six hybrids with white bulb, and three hybrids with purple bulb were evaluated. The experiments were established with drip irrigation and fertigation. The agronomic characteristics of the plant and the production and quality of the bulb were evaluated, using the USDA specifications for bulb width and shape. The experiments were carried out using a completely randomized block design, with three replications; the statistical analysis was performed using the SAS software, version 9.2. Results: The best onion genetic materials for the Planicie Huasteca were the yellow bulb hybrids Wayne and Don Víctor, the white bulb hybrids Blanca Grande, Monja Blanca, and Don Alberto, and the purple bulb hybrid Rasta, all of which have high production capacity and bulb quality. Study Limitations/Implications: Onion (Allium cepa L.) is the most extensive horticultural crop in the Planicie Huasteca, Mexico. Although regional producers establish outstanding genotypes, they require information about the new generation genetic materials, if they are to remain competitive in the export market. Therefore, the new genotypes with the best high yield potential and bulb quality must be evaluated to select those that meet the requirements of the market. Findings/Conclusions: Yellow, white, and purple bulb onion genotypes with high production capacity that meet the requirements of the markets were identified

Reaction of inbred lines of habanero hot pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) to inoculation of Fusarium oxysporum

Objective: To evaluate the reaction of five inbred lines of habanero pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) To the inoculation of Fusarium oxisporum and to identify genotypes with possible levels of resistance to this pathogen. Design/methodology/approach: Samples of stems of chili plants with typical symptoms of vascular wilting disease were obtained, due to their morphological characteristics of mycelium and conidia at the microscopic level it was identified as Fusarium oxisporum. By immersion of roots, at a concentration of 1x106 conidia per ml, five inoculated lines of habanero pepper were inoculated, in addition to the serrano-type cultivar Criollo de Morelos 334 (CM-334). The percentage disease index and the Area Under the Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC) were estimated in a randomized complete block design, with three repetitions. Results: Significant differences (p?0.05) were observed for disease index and ABCPE in the evaluated genotypes, evidencing the existing difference in the genetic base of the genotypes and the resistance or susceptibility to Fusarium oxisporum. The cultivar CM-334, the Habanero 5 and Habanero 8 lines presented the lowest percentage of incidence of the disease (10, 20 and 30%, respectively) and ABCPE of 300, 560 and 880. In turn, the Habanero 9 and Habanero 6 lines presented the highest ABCPE values with 2220 and 2190, respectively. Limitations on study/implications: The disease resistance response in plants is complex and contains multiple interactions between genes, proteins, and metabolites. Findings/conclusions: The grouping of genotypes based on their reaction to Fusarium wilt disease facilitated the identification of resistant and susceptible lines, which can be considered in subsequent genetic improvement works for the cultivation of chili.Objective: To evaluate the reaction of five inbred lines of habanero pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) to the inoculation of Fusarium oxisporum and to identify genotypes with possible levels of resistance to this pathogen. Design/methodology/approach: Samples of hot pepper plant stems with typical symptoms of vascular wilt disease were obtained. Then, due to microscopic morphological characteristics of mycelium and conidia in the samples, patogen was identified as Fusarium oxisporum. By immersion of roots, at a concentration of 1x106 conidia per mL, five inbred lines of habanero pepper were inoculated. In addition to the serrano type cultivar Criollo de Morelos 334 (CM-334). The percentage disease index and area under the disease progress curve (ABCPE) were estimated in a randomized complete block design, with three replicates. Results: Significant differences (p≤0.05) were observed for disease index and ABCPE in the genotypes evaluated; evidencing the difference in the genetic basis of the genotypes and the resistance or susceptibility to Fusarium oxisporum. The CM-334 cultivar, the Habanero 5 and Habanero 8 lines showed the lowest percentage of incidence of the disease (10, 20 and 30%, respectively) and ABCPE of 300, 560 and 880. In turn, lines Habanero 9 and Habanero 6 reached the highest ABCPE values with 2220 and 2190, respectively. Study limitations/implications: The disease resistance response in plants is complex and contains multiple interactions between genes, proteins, and metabolites. Findings/conclusions: The grouping of genotypes according to their reaction to Fusarium wilt disease facilitated the identification of resistant and susceptible lines, which can be considered in subsequent genetic improvement studies for hot pepper cultivation